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THE   HISTORY 

OF  THE 

FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS 


IN    THE   WAR    FOR   THE 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION 


1861-1865. 


SHELDON     B.    THORPE, 


SERGEANT    COMPANY    K. 


THE  PRICE,  LEE  &  ADKINS  CO., 

NEW    HAVEN,    CONN. 

1893. 


9901 


'898 


TO    THE    MEMORY 


FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS, 

LIVING    AND    KALLEN, 

As  a  record  of  loyal  service  to  the  nation, 
this  volume  is  dedicated, 


THE    ALTHOR 


f  Charles  D.  Barnes. 


AND    BY   COMMITTEE 

OF   PUBLICATION, 


(    William  S.  Beech ek. 


[  James  A.  Church. 


LIST    OF   ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Col.  D.  R.  Wright, 
Capt.  Julius  Bassett, 

Theodore  Davis, 
Col.  Samuel  Tolles,    . 
Camp  Chase, 
Casej^'s  Pet, 
Soldier  of  1862, 
Fredericksburg,  Va., 
Ninth  Corps  Badge,  r    . 
Discipline, 
Maj.  E.  W.  Osborne, 
Surg.  H.  V.  C.  Hclcombe, 
Seventh  Corps  Badge, 
Surg.  E.  O.  Cowles. 
Chaplain  D.  H.  Miller. 
Capt.  Reuben  Waterman, 

"      M.  A.  Butricks, 
Chaplain  J.  B.  Doolittle, 
Capt.  A.  W.  Harvey, 

"       H.  H.  Stiles, 
Col.  C.  L.  Upham,       . 


PAGE 

F.\GE 

front 

Lieut.  J.  B   Bissell.     . 

92 

8 

"       C.  S.  Gray, 

96 

10 

Capt.  George  M.  White, 

102 

iS 

M.  D.  Munson,     . 

104 

20 

Adj.  P.  C.  Rand, 

loS 

23 

Battlefield  of  Kinston, 

112 

26 

Lieut.  E.  W.  Bishop, 

116 

32 

Capt.  R.  0.  Bradley,      . 

122 

32 

Lieut.  William  Goodrich, 

130 

40 

Quar.  M.  C.  Augur, 

136 

44 

Lieut.  A.  Rodriquez, 

154 

.       50 

"       W'illiam  Thompson, 

174 

■       51 

"       Heber  S.  Ives, 

180 

54 

"       A.  P.  Day, 

190 

60 

"       John  Hall, 

198 

04 

S.  F.  Linsley.       . 

212 

.       68 

Log  Houses, 

222 

74 

Capt.  W.  C.  Burgess,     . 

232 

.        7(> 

Lieut.  C.  F.  Bowman, 

236 

S2 

New  Berne  Monument, 

332 

PREFACE. 

THIS  volume  does  not  deal  with  the  War  of  the  Rebellion, 
except  so  far  as  the  15th  Conn,  was  concerned,  nor  does 
it  treat  to  any  extent  of  the  other  armed  bodies  with  which 
the  regiment  was  brigaded.  Its  intent  is  to  furnish  in  plain 
language  an  accurate,  comprehensive  account  of  the  formation, 
membership  and  service  of  "  The  Lyon  Regiment  "  in  the  defense 
of  the  Union. 

The  credit  of  first  urging  the  preparation  of  a  regimental  his- 
tory belongs  to  Lieut. -Col.  Samuel  Tolles.  This  was  in  1S71, 
when  nearly  all  mustered  out  of  the  army  six  years  before  were 
alive,  and  memories  of  men  and  events  had  suffered  little  or  no 
relapse.  To  emphasize  this  officer's  belief,  he  prejaared  an  original 
paper,  mentioning  in  general  terms  the  record  of  his  regiment, 
which  was  read  at  the  reunion  that  year  (published  in  The  Lever, 
Sept.  2,  1S71).  Frequent  allusions  by  him  and  others  to  the  import- 
ance of  such  a  work  were  made  at  succeeding  reunions,  but 
nothing  was  done  until  1S82,  when  Capt.  George  M.  White  was 
ap]>ointed  regimental  historian.  Like  Col.  Tolles,  he  believed 
that  the  deeds  of  this  great  body  of  loj-al  men  should  find  wider 
mention  than  at  a  reunion  dinner  table,  and  accordingly  at  the 
annual  gathering  in  1S87  he  read  a  valuable  contribution  on 
"  Kimston  "  (published  y(??^r««/ a«</  C^z^r/i?r,  August,  18S7),  which 
received  the  warm  approval  of  the  veterans.  One  or  two  later 
papers  from  him  followed  with  such  satisfaction  that,  i:rged  by  his 
comrades,  he  began  the  accumulation  of  material  with  the  view  of 
arranging  the  same  for  publication.  At  this  juncture  he  was 
called  to  that  official  position  (Assistant  Adjtitant  General  of  Conn.), 
the  duties  of  which  engrossed  his  entire  attention.  Nevertheless, 
he  was  always  hopeful  that  the  opportunity  would  arrive  when  he 
could  carry  out  his  plan.  But  death  suddenly  claimed  him  and 
that  time  never  came.  The  writer  was  chosen  as  his  si:ccessor  in 
1S92.  The  inventcjr}*  of  historical  matter  turned  over  was  excess- 
ively fragmentary,  and  so  much  less  than  anticipated,  as  to  lead 


iv  PREFACE. 

to  the  belief  that  a  portion  of  Cajit.  White's  manusci-ipt  must  have 
been  lost  during  his  illness.  Hence  the  entire  volume  has  been 
rewritten. 

Without  hearty  co-operation,  so  ample  a  history  at  this  late  date 
would  not  have  been  possible.  It  would  be  pleasant  in  this  con- 
nection to  name  every  comrade  who  has  in  one  line  or  another 
assisted  the  writer,  but  this  cannot  be;  they  are  nevertheless  part 
authors  of  the  volume,  and  the  real  historians  of  the  regiment. 
Among  them,  Corp.  Joel  E.  Griffin,  Co.  C,  with  his  complete  diary 
and  excellent  memory,  is  entitled  to  a  front  rank  on  the  "right  of 
the  line."  The  diaries  of  Col.  Upham,  of  George  Walstein  Smith, 
of  Martin  Allen,  of  Charles  F.  Beckley,  of  Sergt.  J.  E.  Towner,  of 
Corp.  French,  and  others,  have  been  of  inestimable  value  in 
fixing  dates  and  events;  also,  by  the  kind  courtesy  of  Arthur  B. 
Wright,  Esq.,  of  New  Haven,  the  military  papers  of  his  father, 
the  late  Col.  D.  R.  Wright,  were  freely  offered  for  examination. 
Messrs.  Frank  Mosher's  and  William  Nichols'  recollections  have 
been  of  great  value,  and  last,  but  far  from  least,  Lieut.  Linsley, 
who  has  been  "held  up"  for  information  more  frequently  than 
any  other  member  of  the  regiment,  probably,  and  Secretary 
Walter  H.  Lord,  deserve  special  thanks.  To  the  latter  we  are 
indebted  for  the  excellent  account  of  the  reunions  of  the  regiment. 

The  method  used  in  compilation,  while  necessitating  some 
delay,  it  is  believed  has  insured  greater  accuracy  in  the  narrative. 
After  setting  up  the  manuscript,  copies  of  "proof"  were  sub- 
mitted to  the  Committee  of  Publication  and  others,  for  further 
examination  and  revision,  before  the  present  text  was  accepted. 

The  edition  is  limited  to  five  hundred  copies. 

T. 

XtiKiii  Haven,  Conn.,  September,  1893. 


CHAPTER    I. 

PRESIDENT  Lincoln's  proclamation — public  meeting 
— "  the  national  union  committee  " — enlist- 
ments  CAMP  LYON — organization  OF  THE  REGI- 
MENT  DEPARTURE     FROM    NEW    HAVEN ARRIVAL    ON 

ARLINGTON   HEIGHTS,   VA. 

On  July  ist,  1862,  President  Lincoln  issued  a  call 
for  300,000  volunteers  for  three  years.  The  quota  of 
Connecticut  as  fixed  by  apportionment  was  7,145. 
Two  days  later  Gov.  W.  A.  Buckingham  issued  a  procla- 
mation for  the  immediate  formation  of  "  six  or  more 
regiments  of  infantry  to  be  used  in  suppressing  the 
Rebellion."  This  course  was  unavoidable.  Men  saw 
its  terrible  necessity,  and  answering  to  that  impulse 
which  unites  humanity  in  times  of  great  danger,  flew 
to  that  safeguard  of  a  free  people  "  a  Public  Meeting!" 
Thus  it  came  about  that  within  a  week  after  the 
appeal  of  the  Executive  of  the  Nation  the  citizens 
of  New  Haven,  Conn.,  issued  the  following  call  : 

GRAND    UNION    RALLY  ! 

"*  The  undersigned  citizens  of  New  Haven  believ- 
ing that  the  present  crisis  of  our  national  affairs  calls 
loudly  upon  every  patriotic  citizen  to  put  forth  his 
utmost  exertion  to  sustain  the  Government  in  this 
hour  of  its  trial,  most  earnestly  call  upon  all  good  and 
true  union  loving  men  to  meet  together  in  Music 
Hall  on  Tuesday  evening,  July  8,  at  7^^  o'clock,  for 
the  purpose  of  appointing  a  Committee  of  Ways  and 
Means  to  assist  in  raising  immediately  such  numbers 
of  volunteers  as  may  be  necessary  under  the  late  call 
of  the  President. 

*  Journal  and  Courier,  July  7,  1862. 


6  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

Our  Country  calls  !  Let  every  man  respond  to  the 
extent  of  his  ability.  vSome  have  time,  some  money; 
such  as  we  have  let  us  give  cheerfully,  and  thereby 
dispel  the  clouds  which  are  temporarih^  hanging  over 
us.  The  darkest  hours  are  alwa3's  just  before  day! 
Rally  one  and  all  and  let  us  stand  shoulder  to 
shoulder  in  defense  of  our  country  and  its  gallant 
army." 

Under  this  impassioned  appeal  a  large  audience 
gathered  the  next  evening.  By  7  o'clock  the  hall 
began  to  be  crowded,  and  long  before  the  hour  of 
opening  admittance  was  impossible.  Something  over 
four  thousand  voters  (boys  being  excluded)  were 
present.  The  meeting  was  called  to  order  by  N.  D. 
Sperry,  Esq.  Commodore  Foote  was  chosen  presiding 
officer.  His  reii^arks  were  brief  and  pungent.  There 
was  no  time  for  spread-eagle  orator3^  Speeches, 
sharp,  earnest,  decisive,  bristling  with  business,  were 
made  by  Gov.  Buckingham,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Bacon.  Charles 
Chapman  of  Hartford,  and  others.  It  was  resolved 
to  put  a  regiment  from  the  town  of  New  Haven  into 
the  field  immediately.  To  best  accomplish  this,  a 
committee  of  the  leading  men  of  the  city  was  chosen, 
whose  instructions  were: 

"  To  take  instant  action  by  thorough  organization 
of  effort  in  the  city,  and  by  co-operation  with  similar 
committees  in  other  parts  of  the  State,  put  into  the 
field  with  the  least  possible  delay  the  number  of  men 
required  to  be  raised  by  the  State."  The  following 
gentlemen  were  appointed  as  this  committee: 

William  S.  Charnley,  Francis  Wayland  Jr. , 

Harmauus  M.  Welch,  James  A.  King, 

John  B.  Hotchkiss,  E.  S.  Quintard, 

Stephen  D.  Pardee,  David  J.  Peck, 

Samuel  Bishop,  Luman  Cowles, 

Henry  B.  Harrison,  Lucius  R.  Finch, 

William  H.  Rtissell,  Nehemiah  D.  Sperry, 

Arthur  D.  Osborne,  Willis  Bristol, 

Philip  A.  Pinkerman,  Lucius  P.  Allis, 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION.  7 

Charles  A.  Lindsle}',  Edward  Downes, 

John  Woodruff,  Cornelius  S.  Bushuell, 

Lucius  Gilbert,  John  A.  Porter, 

Edward  T.  Sanford,  C.  B.  Rogers, 

Bartholemew  Healy,  Richard  S.  Fellowes, 

Eli  Whitney,  Lucius  G.  Peck, 

Benjamin  S.  Bryan,  Stephen  R.  Smith, 

John  C.  Hollister,  Henry  E.  Pardee, 

John  D.  Candee,  Alexander  McAllister, 

David  H.  Carr,  Henry  D.  White. 

On  July  Toth,  they  organized  for  business  under 
the  name  of  "  The  National  Union  Committee." 
Headquarters  were  established  in  the  "  Cutler  Build- 
ing "  on  Church  street,  with  William  S.  Charnley 
chairman.  At  the  same  time  the  following  "  Recruit- 
ing Committee "  was  chosen  to  provide  for  enlist- 
ments : 

John  C.  Holhster, 
Henry  E.  Pardee, 
Samuel  Bishop, 
Benjamin  S.  Bryan, 
Nehemiah  D.  Sperry, 
Charles  W.  Elliott, 
Francis  Wayland,  Jr. 

These  gentlemen  entered  upon  their  duties  at  once. 
Daily  sessions  were  held  and  a  majority  was  in 
constant  attendance  at  headquarters.  Jt^ly  12th,  they 
issued  the  following  circular  : 

"*The  citizens  of  New  Haven  have  decided  to 
respond  to  the  call  of  the  President  for  troops  to  sus- 
tain the  honor  of  the  nation,  and  have  appointed  a  com- 
mittee, etc.  *  *  *  *  The  Governor  has  authorized 
that  committee  to  raise  and  organize  a  regiment  for  the 
to-d<n  of  New  Haven.  It  can  be  done,  and  within  30  days! 
Should  the  war  be  closed  within  one  year,  the  pay  of 
the  soldier  will  be  as  follows: 


*  Journal  and  Courier^  July  12 


FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

State  Bounty  (paid  upon  enlistment),      .         .  $50.00 

State  Bounty  (paid  within  a  j'ear),       .         .  .    30.00 

State  Bounty  (paid  to  wife,  yearly),         .         .  72.00 

State  Bounty  (paid  to  two  children,  yearly),  .     48.00 

U.  S.  Bounty  (jiaid  on  enlistment),         .         .  27.00 

U.  S.  Bounty  (paid  end  of  war),          .         .  .     75.00 

*  U.  S.  monthly  pay  $12.00,   ....  144.00 


$446.00 

f  John  C.   Hollister. 
I  Henry  E.  Pardee, 
I  Samuel  Bishop, 
RecritittJig  Conimitiee. .'  Benjamin    S.  Bryan, 

j  Nehemiah  D.  Sperry, 

C.  W.  Elliott, 
[  Francis  Wayland,  Jr. 

It  was  also  determined  by  this  committee  that  in 
commemoration  of  that  noble  son  of  Conn.f  (the  first 
Union  general  slain  in  the  war),  the  organization 
about  to  be  raised  should  be  called  "The  Lyon  Regi- 
ment." 

All  preliminaries  being  now  settled,  the  work  of 
formal  volunteering  began.  The  first  recorded  enlist- 
ments in  the  regiment  were  those  of  Julius  Bassett, 
George  C.  Merriam,  Philip  C.  Rand,  and  George  W. 
Allen,  all  of  Meriden,  who  signed  their  names  July 
10,  and  thus  formed  the  nucleus  of  Company  A.  Two 
days  later  a  recruiting  office  was  opened  in  New 
Haven,  and  the  enlistments  made  at  that  time,  July 
12th,  were  those  of  George  M.  White,  William  C. 
Burgess  and  Charles  R.  Coan. 

July  14th  there  appeared  the  first  public  call 
through  the  jDress  for  volunteers  to  repair  to  recruit- 
ing offices.  Capt.  Septimius  S.  Smith  and  Capt.  F. 
M.  Lovejoy  were  the  earliest  on  the  field  in  this  direc- 
tion. The  former  established  his  headquarters  at  235 
Chapel  street  (old  number),  and  issued  the  following 
appeal : 

♦  Later  raised  to  $13.00. 

t  Gen.  Nathaniel  Lyon,  killed  at  \\'ilson's  Creek,  Mo.,  August  10,  1861. 


Capt  Julius    Bassett 


DEFENSE  OF    THE   UNION.  9 

"  Rally  Boys  !  Rally!  at  your  Country's  Call  !  This  glorious 
Union  is  the  birthright  of  every  one  of  us  !  Shall  we  not  rally  in 
its  defence!  Come  on  then  and  lend  a  hand  to  put  down  this 
infamous  rebellion,  and  you  can  look  back  from  the  future  with 
patriotic  jDride  that  you  have  bravely  done  your  whole  duty." 

Capt.  Lovejoy's  quarters  were  at  301  State  street, 
where  he  solicited  enlistments  for  "  The  Brownlow 
Rifles." 

Also,  on  the  above  date,  one  Thomas  B.  Kirby 
opened  a  recrviiting  office  at  305  Chapel  street  for  the 
"  McClcllan  Guards"  of  the  L3'on  regiment,  and 
Charles  P.  Brown  (afterward  adjutant)  established 
himself  at  "Cutler's  Corner." 

As  indicative  of  the  public  spirit  of  that  time,  ref- 
erence is  here  made  to  a  paper  preserved  among  the 
archives  of  the  regiment.  It  is  without  date,  but 
mention  is  made  of  it  by  the  General  Committee, 
prior  to  July  14th,  1862. 

$15,000. 

"  We,  the  undersigned  Citizens  of  New  Haven, 
hereby  agree  to  pay  the  sums  of  money  set  against 
our  respective  names,  to  be  placed  at  the  disposal  of 
the  National  Union  Committee  of  the  town  of  New 
Haven,  to  be  expended  in  promoting  volunteer 
enlistments  with  the  design  of  raising  an  entire  regi- 
ment in  the  town  of  New  Haven."  Then  follows  a 
long  list  of  names,  whose  aggregate  subscriptions 
reach  nearly  eleven  thousand  dollars.  Of  this  sum, 
Joseph  Sheffield  and  Joseph  Sampson,  each  pledged 
five  hundred  dollars;  Eli  Whitney,  four  hundred  dol- 
lars; then  came  eight  gentlemen  with  two  hundred 
fifty  dollars  each,  followed  by  others  in  lessening 
amounts  to  the  end. 

As  events  turned  however,  this  subscription  was 
not  called  for.  The  pressure  for  the  immediate  mus- 
ter of  the  regiment  became  so  great  that  the  commit- 
tee saw  it  would  involve  too  much  delay,  and  perhaps 


lo  FIFTEEN r II  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

be  impossible  after  all  to  sectire  a  thousand  volunteers 
within  the  limits  of  the  town  of  New  Haven,  hence 
this  feature  of  the  plan  was  abandoned,  and  the  field 
of  enlistment  was  widened  to  include  the  cotinty. 
This  was  a  judicious  move.  Other  counties  caught 
the  idea,  and  from  that  time  Connecticut's  quota  was 
assured. 

Volunteers  now  began  to  come  in  plentifully. 
Recruiting  offices  were  opened  wherever  suitable  loca- 
tions offered,  and  even  tents  for  this  purpose  were 
pitched  upon  "The  old  Green."  Captain  John  D. 
Wheeler  had  his  headquarters  for  a  time  in  one  of 
these,  and  on  July  15th  commenced  the  formation  of 
the  "Sigel  Rifles." 

Captain  Theodore  R.  Davis  established  himself  in 
the  "Collins  Building"  on  Chapel  street  (Grays'  Ar- 
mory) and  called  loudly  for  the  formation  of  a  second 
company  from  that  famous  organization. 

G.  F.  Peterson  also  located  in  a  tent  on  the  public 
square  and  enlisted  for  the  "  Hallock  Rifles,  15th 
Regiment." 

P.  B.  Hinsdale  opened  a  room  at  No.  121  vState 
street  and  received  men  for  the  "  8th  Co.  Lyon  Regi- 
ment." 

Capt.  George  M.  White  secured  his  headcjuarters 
at  No.  107  Church  street  and  advertised  for  the 
"  Quinnipiac  Rifles." 

Capt.  Samuel  R.  Hubbard  appeared  for  the  "  New 
Haven  Blues,"  and  opened  in  their  armory. 

Thus  in  all,  some  eight  or  ten  offices  were  opened 
in  New  Haven,  and  two  m  Meriden,  within  five  days 
of  each  other,  for  the  formation  of  the  regiment. 
Before  July  15th  all  were  in  active  operation.  The 
Union  Committee  was  kept  busy.  One  of  its  most 
popular  acts  about  this  time  (July  14th)  was  the  selec- 
tion of  Capt.  vSamuel  Tolles,  of  New  Haven,  as  major 
of  the  command.  On  July  i8th  it  fixed  upon 
"Oyster  Point  "   as   the   rendezvous   of  the   regiment 


Capt.  Theodore    R.  Davis. 


DEFEASE  OF   THE    UJVIO^.  n 

tinder  the  name  of  "Camp  Lyon,"  and  on  July  21st 
named  Dexter  R.  Wright,  of  Meriden  (already  ap- 
pointed Lieutenant-Colonel  of  the  14th  Conn,  at  Hart- 
ford) as  Colonel  of  the  regiment. 

The  following  order  was  issued  in  the  above  con- 
nection: 

Hartford,  Conn.,  July  23,  1862. 
j  Special  Order  (_ 
I        No.  254.       j 

The  15  th  Regiment  Conn.  Volunteers  is 
ordered  to  rendezvous  at  New  Haven  without 
delay.  Col.  Dexter  R.  Wright  will  assume 
command  and  will  be  obeyed  and  respected 
accordingly. 

By  order  of  the  Commander-in-Chief, 
J.  D.  WILLIAMS, 

Adjutant  General. 

*  A  bit  of  inside  history,  not  perhaps  generally 
kno\rn,  should  be  added  here.  The  field  officers  of 
the  various  regiments  being  raised  in  the  New  Eng- 
land states  under  the  July  call,  1862,  were  appointed 
in  accordance  with  a  recommendation  of  Gen.  B.  F. 
Butler,  who  was  of  the  opinion  that  the  men  of  a 
different  shade  of  political  belief  from  the  dominant 
party  (Republican)  had  not  received  the  full  share  of 
recognition  which  they  deserved,  hence,  as  the  result 
of  an  arrangement  approved  by  President  Lincoln 
and  acquiesced  in  by  the  chief  magistrates  of  the 
loyal  states,  (though  not  by  Gov.  Andrews,  of  Massa- 
chusetts, without  some  reluctance),  these  regiments 
had  their  field  and  staff  positions  filled  mainly  by 
"War  Democrats."  The  plan  was  a  judicious  one. 
It  made  the  Northern  forces  not  the  army  of  a  party 
hvX  the  army  of  the  Union. 

The  first  company  to  reach  Camp  Lyon  was  A,  of 
Meriden— Capt.  Julius  Bassett,  with  85  men,  on  July 

*  Col.  George  M.  White. 


12  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

23d.  The  day  previous,  Capt.  vS.  S.  Smith,  Co.  C,  had 
given  a  street  parade  to  Fair  Haven  as  a  ''recruiting 
exhibit,"  and  on  the  24th  it  followed  Capt.  Bassett  to 
camp  with  45  men,  but  from  some  failure  to  provide 
tents  and  rations  the  command  returned  to  the  city. 
They  went  down  next  day  and  permanently  installed 
themselves.  Other  companies  followed  in  quick 
succession,  in  just  what  order  is  not  definitely  known. 
The  last  to  arrive  was  Co.  K,*  on  August  6th. 
This  latter  company  had  no  recruiting  oifice ;  it 
was  raised  mainly  in  two  evenings,  August  2d  and 
4th,  at  Wallingford  and  North  Haven,  respectively. 

On  July  26th,  as  near  as  can  be  estimated,  the  regi- 
ment was  recruited  up  to  half  its  strength.  Two  days 
later  the  Union  Committee  promoted  ]^Iajor  Samuel 
Tolles  to  the  Lieut-Colonelcy,  and  appointed  E.  Wal- 
ter Osborne,  ^lajor,  and  John  C.  Kimball,  Quarter- 
master. 

Thus  closed  the  month  of  July.  It  had  been  a 
period  of  intense  interest.  wSix  regiments  (14th  to 
19th  inclusive)  were  in  formation.  Stirring  appeals  by 
press  and  person  reached  every  corner  of  the  State, 
and  the  most  liberal  bounties  were  offered.  Not- 
withstanding this,  the  progress  of  enlistments  did 
not  fully  satisfy  the  authorities  and  it  was  not  until 
severe  measiires  appeared  imminent  that  men  more 
ftilly  realized  the  desperate  need  of  the  government 
and  answered  the  call. 

The  month  of  August  opened  with  300  men  in 
camp.  On  the  second  day  the}'  were  mustered  into 
the  State  service.  On  the  4th  the  first  uniforms 
were  issued  and  the  wearers  thereof  gradually 
began  to  assume  the  appearance  of  soldiers.  On  the 
7th  nearly  800  enlistments  had  been  made,  and  on  the 
12th  applications  for  admission  were  rejected.  The 
complement  was  complete. 

*  Sergt.  William  R.  Mackay  is  entitled  to  the  credit  of  first  receiWng  enlistment 
in  this  Co.  He  went  to  camp  with  thirty  Wallingford  men,  Aug.  6th.  The  North 
Haven  boys  went  down  Aug.  gth. 


DEFENSE  OF   THE    UNION.  13 

''  Guard  duty  "  at  Camp  Lyon  Avhen  first  established 
was  something-  to  be  remembered.  The  experience  of 
our  regiment  was  probably  in  no  ways  different  from 
a  hundred  others.  Capt.  Smith  was  the  first  officer  to 
mount  a  guard,  and  it  is  related  that  for  the  first  few 
days  it  took  all  of  his  men  to  watch  Capt.  Bassett's 
company,  and  vice  versa.  Only  a  few  old  State 
muskets  were  in  use  about  headquarters  and  the 
"gate."  Corporal  Griffin  recounts  how  he  paced  the 
lonely  rounds  of  his  beat  armed  with  onl}'  a  fence 
picket.  Many  of  the  boj's  carried  nothing  whatever, 
but  if  a  comrade  sought  to  *'  run  the  guard "  chased 
him  and  if  able,  collared  and  marched  him  back  to 
headquarters ;  if  unable,  asked  for  a  pass  the  next 
morning  and  started  for  the  city  to  hunt  up  the  victim. 
Seen  from  a  distance  of  thirty  years,  how  like  a  huge 
burlesque  "Camp  Lyon"  appears,  and  A^et  it  was 
a  serious  matter  with  us  then — and  our  officers. 

The  reg'iment  first  formed  "  battalion  line "  Au- 
gust 12th.  At  that  time  960  men  had  reported  for 
duty.  Company  drills  had  been  regularly  held, 
the  officers  had  become  somewhat  accustomed  to 
their  swords,  guard  duty  was  more  strictly  enforced, 
and  a  martial  spirit  generally  prevailed.  This  was 
not  a  universal  record  however.  There  was  more  or 
less  straggling  from  camp,  so  much  in  fact,  that  in  an 
order  of  August  9th  Col.  Wright  directed  "that 
policemen  be  detailed  at  the  railroad  station  (Chapel 
street)  to  arrest  and  report  such  enlisted  men  as 
attempt  to  leave  the  cit}-  without  a  "pass."* 

But  lack  of  space  forbids  further  detail  of  this 
nature.  Studied  closely  as  a  whole,  no  regiment  was 
put  into  the  field  by  the  State  of  Connecticut  contain- 
ing so  large  a  percentage  of  education,  morality  and 
religion  as  was  embodied  in  this.  It  was  distinct- 
ively a  New  Haven  county  regiment.  Its  enlistments 
were  made  without  promise  of  the  large  bounties  so 

*  Journal  and  Courier. 


14         FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

generously  lavished  at  a  later  day,  and  as  a  rule  its 
morals  and  discipline  were  maintained  at  a  minimum 
amount  of  friction.  *  The  following  summary  indi- 
cates the  localities  whence  the  command  came  : 

Co.  A,  from  Meriden. 

Co.  B,  from  Xew  Haven,  North  Haven,  East  Haven 
and  Branford. 

Co.  C,  from  Xew  Haven. 

Co.  D,  from  New  Haven,  East  Haven  and  Walling- 
ford. 

Co.    E,    from    New    Haven,    Enfield,    Milford    and 
Orange. 

Co.  F,  from  Meriden. 

Co.  G,  from  thirteen  different  towns  in  the  State. 

Co.  H,  from  Naugatuck  and  New  Haven. 

Co.  I,  from  New  Haven. 

Co.  K,  from  Wallingford,  North    Haven,  Northford 
and  North  Branford. 

Thus  the  regimental  organization  was  built  up. 
But  few  of  the  line  officers  were  acquainted  with  mili- 
tary tactics.  Here  and  there  was  one  in  middle  life 
who  perchance  in  the  old  militia  "had  shouldered 
arms  "  on  the  village  green  f  and  taken  part  in  "  gen- 
eral training."  Occasionally  might  be  found  one;]; 
who  in  some  military  institute  had  been  taught  such 
simple  evolutions  as  added  variety  to  the  recreation 
of  the  pupils.  Again  (as  a  rarity,  however),  an 
instance  or  two  of  those  who  had  served  in  the  earlier 
regiments,  and  been  temporarily  disabled.  §  These 
were  but  fractions,  however,  of  the  undrilled,  undis- 
ciplined mass. 

Yet  notwithstanding  this,  let  no  one  suppose  that 
this  body  of  men  was  wholly  ignorant  of  military 
movements.  Providence  had  had  many  a  lad  in  train- 
ing in  the  presidential  campaign  of  i86c,  and  they 
who  marched  in  the  uniformed  ranks  of  the  "  Wide 

*Capt.  George  M.  White.  iJCapt.  White  of  E. 

+  Capt.  Stiles  of  K.  S  Lieut.  Linsley  of  K. 


DEFENSE  OF    THE   UNION.  i- 

Awakes "  of  that  year,  learned  a  drill  that  was  of 
inestimable  service  to  them  and  others  in  the  ranks 
of  the  Union  army. 

By  August  1 8th  the  roster  was  complete,  and  on 
the  2oth  orders  were  issued  to  break  camp  Friday,  the 
2  2d.  But  this  order  was  revoked  a  few  hours  later, 
because,  as  was  said  in  the  ranks,  the  bo3^s  had  not  all 
provided  themselves  with  the  "bullet  proof  vests" 
recommended  by  the  Morning  Joi/rnal  and  Courier  as 
excellent  safeguards  in  battle.  A  corporal  *  of  Co.  C 
is  responsible  for  the  statement  that  an  agent  of  "The 
Atwater  Armor  Co.,"  then  at  336  Chapel  street,  sold 
over  two  hundred  of  these  "  iron-clad  life  preservers  " 
in  one  day.  It  is  said  that  at  least  fifty  per  cent  of 
the  regiment  first  wore  away  and  then  swore  awav 
this  device.  The  track  of  the  command  from  "Wash- 
ington to  Arlington  Heights  was  marked  by  these 
abandoned  "  armor  plates,"  the  largest  quantity  being 
hurled  from  Long  Bridge  into  the  Potomac  when  the 
regiment  was  about  to  step  on  "sacred  soil,"  as  an 
o.fering  to  the  gods.  The  balance  of  the  lot,  after 
being  riidely  perforated  with  bullets  at  "  Camp 
Chase,"  was  ignominioiisly  kicked  aside,  and  the 
skeletons  probably  repose  there  to  this  day. 

The  closing  days  of  the  regiment's  tarr}-  at  New 
Haven  were  marked  by  the  hurry  and  feverishness 
incident  at  such  times.  Presentations  of  swords  to 
line  officers,  of  horses  and  equipage  to  the  field,  were 
of  daily  occurrence.  All  that  money  could  furnish 
was  cheerfully  otfered  to  this  waiting  host.  Ouartei'- 
master  Kimball. +  Adjutant  Brown,  Col.  "Wright, + 
Chaplain  Miller.^  Surgeon  Holcomb,||  each  in  turn 
was  presented  with  a  magnificent  horse  by  their 
friends. 

♦Griffin. 

+  Presented  by  the  employes  of  Cook  i  Co.'s  carriage  factory. 

t  By  Hon.  Charles  Parker  of  Meriden. 

§  Mainly  by  the  Baptist  church  of  Meriden. 

II  Bv  Branford  men. 


1 6  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEEBS. 

On  Monday,  August  25th,  the  regiment  was  mus- 
tered into  the  United  States  service  by  Lieut.  Watson 
Webb,  U.  S.  A.  On  the  afternoon  of  the  same  day 
the  State  colors  were  formally  presented  by  the  ladies 
of  Meriden.  Their  representatives  on  this  occasion 
were  Misses  Ellen  Bradley  and  Mary  Brooks.  Hon. 
O.  H.  Piatt  was  the  speaker.  No  soldier  ever  forgets 
the  occasion,  when  for  the  first  time  the  colors  of  his 
State  and  of  his  country  are  entrusted  to  his  keeping. 
He  willingly  pledges  honor,  hand  and  life  for  their 
safety  and  return. 

The  town,  State  and  United  States  bounties  were 
ordered  paid  on  the  26th.  The  last  "combination 
knife  and  spoon,"  "water  filter,"  "Dr.  True's  lini- 
ment," "folding  cup,"  were  bought,  and  on  the  27th 
marching  orders  were  received  for  the  next  day. 
Passes  were  forbidden,  absentees  looked  up,  and  the 
force  got  well  in  hand. 

An  evening  jDaper  *(extra  issue)  of  August  28th,  con- 
tained the  following  ; 

"  The  Lyon  Regiment  left  New  Haven  this  after- 
noon about  half  past  12  o'clock  on  a  train  of  thirty 
cars  drawn  by  two  locomotives.  Their  leaving  was 
not  marked  by  any  startling  incidents.  An  immense 
throng  of  visitors  was  on  the  ground  to  witness  their 
departure.  The  weather,  which  was  stormy  in  the 
morning,  cleared  up  later  in  the  day,  and  the  Fif- 
teenth "  struck  their  tents  like  the  Arabs  "  and  went 
away,  amid  sunshine,  tears,  and  hearty  good-byes; 
some  to  victory,  some  perhaps  to  die  for  their  coun- 
try. How  shall  we  rejoice  if  some  sunny  day  in  the 
not  far  off  future,  we  may  welcome  them  back,  their 
banners  bright  with  victory,  to  a  State  grateful  to 
them  for  noble  deeds.  The  Fifteenth  have  gone  ! 
Our  hearts  and  hopes  and  prayers  go  with  them. 
Heaven  grant  them  victory."       *  *  * 


*  Tlie  I'-vening  Pallailiu»i. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION. 


17 


New  York  was  reached  at  5  o'clock,*  the  force  dis- 
embarking at  42d  street.  From  this  point  it  marched 
down  4th  avenue  and  Broadway  to  the  Battery.  The 
entire  route  was  lined  with  a  vast  concourse  of  people, 
it  having  been  published  that  morning,  that  New 
Haven  County's  favorite  regiment  would  pass  through 
the  city.  On  the  way  down  a  heavy  thunderstorm 
swept  over  the  city,  but  without  halting  to  unloose  a 
blanket  or  tighten  a  button,  the  boys  swung  down 
Broadway  in  the  blinding  rain,  singing  "  Glory,  Halle- 
lujah "  with  a  volume  of  sound  far  above  that  of  the 
warring  elements. 

Arriving  at  the  Battery  the  regiment  took  a  trans- 
port for  South  Amboy,  reaching  there  about  mid- 
night. Thence  it  was  sent  by  rail  to  Camden,  cross- 
ing over  to  Philadelphia  early  Friday  morning. 
Here  a  most  generous  breakfast  was  provided  by 
"  The  Union  Volunteer  Refreshment  Committee." 
From  Philadelphia  to  Baltimore  the  trip  was  again  by 
rail,  and  an  exasperating  one  it  was.  We  had  not 
then  learned  to  "wait."  With  frequent  stoppages, 
forced  detentions  of  one  nature  and  another,  the 
entire  day  was  consumed.  Many  of  the  boys  here 
took  their  first  lesson  in  raiding  peach  orchards  and 
melon  patches.  At  Havre  de  Grace  a  barge  load  of 
melons  barely  escaped  "  sampling,"  by  the  cunning  of 
the  skipper,  who  confidentially  told  the  boys  the  fruit 
had  purposely  been  poisoned  to  kill  Yankees.  Balti- 
more was  reached  at  sunset.  Transportation  facili- 
ties here  gave  out  completely,  and  for  lack  of  a 
better  place  to  spend  the  night,  the  command  lay 
down  on  the  planks  and  stone  floors  of  the  depot;  a 
double  guard  was  posted  and  the  boys  slept  un- 
troubled in  that  treacherous  city. 

At  7  o'clock  next  morning  the  regiment  was  under 
way    to    Washington.     At  the    "Relay    House"   and 

*  The  transportation  bill  was  $700. 
2 


1 8  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT    VOLUNTEERS. 

beyond,  it  began  to  catch  g-limpses  of  the  outskirts  of 
that  mighty  host  of  which  it  had  sworn  to  become  a 
part  :  camps  of  instruction  ;  parks  of  artillery  ;  end- 
less wagon  trains  :  lines  of  guards  ;  earthworks  on 
the  hills  ;  acres  of  tents  ;  bodies  of  armed  men  in 
every  direction,  gave  the  Connecticut  lads,  as  it 
did  every  incoming  regiment,  an  object  lesson 
impressive  and  unexpected.  Washington  was  reached 
at  noon.  Dinner  was  provided  at  the  usual  quarters,  in 
the  little  low  buildings  near  the  railroad  depot ;  but 
such  a  meal !  It  has  been  always  remembered  ;  it 
will  always  be  so  as  long  as  a  15th  veteran  lives.  Many 
of  the  boys  assert  they  never  ridded  themselves  of 
the  flavor  of  the  soup  until  they  drank  the  water  at 
"  Camp  Mud."  Fredericksburg.  Others  declare  they 
can  taste  it  to  the  present  day.  This  whole  matter  of 
subsistence  was  in  the  hands  of  contractors,  who  long 
made  it  a  reproach  to  the  capital  of  the  nation, 
and  an  imposition  on  the  thousands  of  soldiers  com- 
pelled to  eat  there. 

At  4  o'clock  p.  m.  line  was  formed  on  Pennsyl- 
vania Avenue  and  the  regiment  moved  for  Arlington 
Heights.  The  day  was  intensely  hot  and  the  newly 
packed  knapsack  became  intolerably  heavy.  Close 
marching  order  was  insisted  upon  within  city  limits, 
but  once  upon  Long  Bridge  a  route  step  gave  relief 
to  the  boys.  It  was  at  this  point,  previously  referred 
to,  that  some  abandonment  of  clothing  and  other 
materials  was  made.  Here  also  the  first  "  baying  of 
the  dogs  of  war"  was  heard  by  the  boys,  the  second 
battle  of  Bull  Run  being  on,  and  the  sound  of  Pope's 
artillery  distinctly  audible. 

Forts  Jackson  and  Runyon,  with  other  earthworks 
were  passed  on  the  march,  and  when  well  up  on  the 
Heights,  the  regiment  suddenly  "filed  right"  about 
sunset  into  an  old  corn-field  and  halted.  Neither 
tents  nor  rations  had  come  up  and  •  the  boys  were 
forced  to  take  to  the  ground  supperless.     During  the 


Lt.-Col.  Samuel  Tolles, 


DEFENSE  OF    THE   UJYION. 


19 


night  it  rained  heavily  but  the  lads  were  too  weary 
to  feel  any  discomfort.  The  next  morning  (Sunday) 
the  quartermaster's  train  arrived,  and  the  day  was 
spent  in  laying  out  the  camp.  It  was  a  lively  Sunday 
for  the  New  England  boys,  a  goodly  portion  of  whom 
came  from  Christian  homes,  and  Church  and  ^Sunday 
school,  but  who  on  this  occasion  showed  less  desire 
for  Chaplain  Miller's  ministrations  than  for  an  oppor- 
tunit}"  to  pitch  their  tents  and  get  to  housekeeping-  at 
''Camp  Chase." 


CHAPTER    II. 

CAMP    CHASE — GUARD    DUTY    AT    LONG     BRIDGE    AND    FORT 

RUNYOX FOUR    WEEKS   IX  WASHINGTON CAMP  CASEY 

AT      FAIRFAX     SEMINARY PICKET      DUTY SICKNESS 

DEPARTURE    FOR  THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC MARCH 

THROUGH    MARYLAND ARRIVAL   AT    ACQUIA    CREEK 

MARCH    TO    FREDERICKSBURG. 

"Camp  Chase  "  was  located  in  a  commanding  posi- 
tion on  a  part  of  the  Lee  estate  in  Virginia,  and  was 
as  desirable  as  an)'  portion  of  the  heights  for  such  a 
purpose.  East  and  south  the  view  was  magnificent. 
Its  close  proximit}-  to  Washington  made  supplies  easy 
to  obtain,  and  constant  throngs  of  ^^sitors  added 
attraction  to  the  novel  scene.  Westward  along  the 
ridges  stretched  the  complicated  network  of  forts 
and  rifle  pits  connected  with  the  defenses  of  the 
capital. 

On  Monday,  Sept.  ist.  arms  were  issued  to  the 
regiment.*  (Whitney  rifles).  These  w^eapons  were 
lighter  than  the  Springfield  pattern  and  presented  a 
handsome  appearance.  The  stocks  were  finished  with 
black  walnut,  a  wood,  however,  which  was  afterward 
found  to  be  too  soft  for  this  purpose.  Each  man  was 
also  provided  with  one  hundred  rounds  of  ammuni- 
tion. Drill  in  the  manual  of  arms  was  ordered  the 
same  day,  and  Capt.  White  pithily  remarks :  '*  Before 
night  most  of  the  men  had  learned  which  end  up  it 
was  safest  to  hold  a  musket." 

*  HE.\tXjrARTEKS  PKOVtStOiCU.  BkIGASS, 

Washington,  Aug-.  31,  iS6s, 

56S  14th  St, 

COL- 

You  will  cause  arms  to  be  issued  tins  eventng  to  your  regiment,  and  the  ammuni- 
tion will  be  obtained  at  once  on  the  requisition  that  was  signed  for  you  at  this  office. 

Respectfully, 

Silas  Casev, 

Brig.  U.  S.  A. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  USJOIT.  21 

The  next  day  came  "  marching  orders  to  the  front." 
Chaplain  Miller  declared  he  had  not  prayed  for  anv 
such  movement,  and  it  is  not  believed  that  any  of  the 
officers  had,  but  before  tents  could  be  struck  the  edict 
was  countermanded,  and  a  sense  of  relief  was  felt. 
The  men  were  too  sensible  not  to  know  that  they  who 
could  scarcely  handle  a  ramrod  were  illy  fitted  to  go 
into  action,  and  yet  had  the  blundering  order  been 
insisted  upon,  as  in  the  case  of  the  i6th  Conn.,  they 
would  have  done  their  utmost  to  uphold  the  honor  of 
the  old  commonwealth.  As  it  was,  the  command 
"  slept  upon  its  arms  "  that  night.  On  the  3d,  McCall's 
division  passed  camp  on  the  way  from  the  second 
Manassas  field  to  Chain  Bridge.  Alas,  what  a  revela- 
tion !  Could  these  blackened,  bearded,  tattered,  be- 
grimed veterans  who  swooped  down  upon  the  slop 
barrels  of  the  cook  houses  "  like  a  wolf  on  the  fold," 
greedily  clutching  the  contents  in  their  hands  and 
cups  and  ravenously  devouring  scraps  of  "  soft  bread  " 
and  fresh  beef:  *  could  these  blackened  and  in  many 
cases  wounded  men,  shoeless,  hatless,  blanketless,  be 
the  army  of  the  Union  ?  Could  these  officers  with  dusty 
and  battered  equipments,  scarcely  a  badge  of  rank 
discernible,  weary  and  footsore,  be  their  commanders  ? 
"Where  was  all  the  pomp  and  panoply  of  war  ?  But 
so  it  was.  Humiliating  as  was  the  sight,  it  was  none 
other  than  the  torn  and  broken  columns  of  Pope, 
fresh  from  the  disaster  at  Bull  Run,  and  now  on  swift 
march  to  withstand  the  invasion  of  Maryland. 

It  is  sufficient  to  say  that  this  incident  had  a  salu- 
tary effect  on  officers  and  men.  Both  sprang  to  the 
dutv  of  drill  and  discipline,  not  knowing  how  soon 
the  terrible  experience  of  these  comrades  might  be 
repeated  in  their  case.  The  immediate  duty  of  the 
regiment  at  this  time  was  the  guarding  of  the  Wash- 
ington end  of  Long  Bridge,  and  the  commissary  stores 
at  Fort    Runvon.      The  fort  was  a   veritable  death- 


*  Witnessed  bv  the  writer. 


2  2  FIFTEENTH    CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

trap.  Situated  on  the  great  marshes  bordering  the 
Potomac,  it  was  in  the  midst  of  a  most  foul  and  fever 
breeding  district — the  air  was  filled  with  poison,  and 
on  the  unacclimated  lads  of  the  North  it  fastened 
with  a  deadly  grip.  The  ague  became  prevalent  in 
camp,  and  in  a  short  time  numbered  its  victims  by 
the  hundred. 

On  September  6th,  came  a  second  summons  to 
march.  This  time  Frederick,  Md.,  was  named  as  the 
objective  point.  Tents  were  struck,  and  the  command 
was  ready  at  noon.  This  order  was  likewise  counter- 
manded and  another  issued  that  it  should  move 
within  the  city  limits  of  Washington.  Accordingly, 
the  regiment  re-crossed  Long  Bridge  and  went  into 
camp  on  an  open  lot  near  the  unfinished  Washington 
Monument,  and  opposite  Gen.  Casey's  headquarters. 
The  limits  of  this  camp  were  much  contracted.  The 
duty  as  before  remained  at  the  fort  and  the  bridge, 
whither  each  company  in  turn  was  assigned  for  twenty- 
four  hours.  Here  the  lads  sunned  themselves  under 
the  immediate  eye  of  the  author  of  their  military 
tactics,  and  strove  to  show  him  they  were  apt  pupils. 
[It  dawns  upon  some  of  the  veterans  at  this  late  day 
that  probably  he  never  looked  at  them  at  all].  A  non- 
commissioned officers'  drill  was  established  and  the 
sergeants  and  corporals  carefully  instructed  in  their 
special  duties. 

But  other  things  were  in  store.  White  gloves  and 
shoe  blacking  were  issued  by  the  officers,  and  on  the 
8th  the  regiment  made  its  first  parade  bow  to  a  large 
Washington  concourse.  Here  for  the  succeeding  days 
drill  followed  drill  in  rapid  succession,  and  the  com- 
mand attained  high  proficiency.  On  the  i8th,  dress 
coats,  leggings,  regulation  hats  and  shoulder  scales 
were  issued,  and  all  doubt  that  the  term  "  Casey's 
pets"  was  fittingly  applied,  then  vanished. 

These  were  peaceful  days,  but  not  forever  to  last. 
Suddenly  came   the   order  to  return  to  Camp  Chase, 


DEFENSE   OF    THE    UNION. 


23 


"  CASEv's    TET." 


and  on  the  20th  the  boys  bade  good-bye  to  the  cattle 
in  the  next  yard,  to  the  "  hole  in  the  ground  guard 
house  "  and  to  the  "  Washington  pies," 
and  got  themselves,  their  plumed 
hats  and  their  shoulder  scales  back 
to  the  enemy's  soil. 

And  now  began,  in  addition  to  the 
daily  duty  of  the  regiment,  one 
unceasing  round  of  reviews  and 
exhibitions.  To  be  compelled  to 
stand  for  hours  in  the  fierce  sun- 
shine on  the  Potomac  flats,  two 
and  three  times  weekly,  trussed  up 
in  the  toggery  mentioned,  for  the 
edification  of  some  public  official, 
did  not  receive  the  hearty  endorse- 
ment of  the  boys,  yet  no  effort  was 
relaxed  to  maintain  the  reputation 
the  regiment  had  already  gained,  as  the  best  drilled 
command  within  the  defenses  of  Washington,  south 
of  the  Potomac. 

September  27th,  the  15th  was  made  a  part  of  Gen. 
Kane's  brigade,  and  put  under  light  marching  orders 
with  ten  days'  rations,  and  one  hundred  rounds  of 
ammunition  per  man,  but  the  next  day  it  was  detached 
and  ordered  to  remain  in  camp.  The  cause  for  this 
revocation  of  orders  was  due  to  Col.  Wright's  and 
Surgeon  Holcomb's  efforts.  The  regiment  had 
just  been  vaccinated  and  was  unfit  to  move. 

The  first  of  October  found  the  command  still  at 
Camp  Chase.  Enormous  forces  were  moving  for  a 
fall  campaign,  and  there  was  an  expectation  that  the 
15th  would  be  ordered  out.  This  feeling  grew  to  be 
a  wish,  a  hope,  a  prayer,  particularly  as  the  month 
went  by,  and  the  same  debilitating  round  of  duty  on 
the  Potomac  swamps  was  continued.  At  one  time, 
more  than  fifty  per  cent  of  the  force  had  succumbed 
to   these    poisonous    marshes.       Neither   officers   nor 


24         FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   YOIUNTEERS. 

privates  were  exempt.  Malaria,  like  a  nightmare 
settled  on  the  camp,  crushing  all  energy  and  hope 
out  of  the  men.  Fatal  as  were  the  vapors  of  the 
Chickahominy  swamps,  or  deadly  even  as  was  the  fever 
stricken  air  of  Xew  Berne,  neither  there  nor  in  any 
other  place  where  armies  congregated  North  or  South 
can  it  be  said  so  much  constant  destruction  to  the 
square  foot  lurked  in  the  air,  as  over  those  accursed 
Potomac  flats. 

A  word  should  be  added  here  concerning  the 
guarding  of  Long  Bridge  during  the  period  just  men- 
tioned. If  this  duty  was  disagreeable,  it  had  the  ele- 
ment of  activity  in  it  and  "meant  business."  It  was 
not  without  its  compensation,  also,  as  an  •'  eve 
opener"  to  the  wiles  of  human  nature.  Capt.  White, 
in  one  of  his  papers,  thus  writes: 

"  Long  Bridge  was  the  only  route  for  travel  lead- 
ing directly  out  of  Washington  into  the  Southern 
Confederacy.  As  a  school  for  the  study  of  human 
nature,  the  station  at  the  Washington  end  of  Long 
Bridge  might,  in  '62,  have  justly  been  styled  a  univer- 
sity. What  could  not  be  seen  anywhere  else  in  the 
way  of  subterfuge,  double  dealing  and  duplicity, 
could  be  found  there.  The  first  time  the  15th  C.  V. 
ever  saw  quinine  put  up  in  the  form  of  a  bologna 
sausage,  was  there.  The  first  time  it  ever  saw  a  veri- 
table wooden  coffin,  ostensibly  designed  for  a  Dutch 
colonel,  dead,  but  in  reality  filled  with  bottled  Rhine 
wine  and  lager  for  a  Dutch  sutler,  living,  was  there. 
And  there,  it  will  be  remembered,  as  company  after 
company  occupied  the  sumptuous  quarters  provided 
at  the  sacred  end  of  the  bridge,  the  regiment  was  first 
initiated  into  the  never-to-be-forgotten  luxury  of 
*' scratching  itself  to  sleep;  "  and  it  was  while  on  this 
duty,  too,  that  the  regiment  encountered  for  the  first 
time  that  mysterious  and  delectable  compound, 
quinine  and  whisky.  Officers  and  men,  with  few 
exceptions,  faced  this  last  named  ordeal  with  the  for- 


BEFEXSE   OF    THE   U^'IOX.  ,5 

titude  of  regnlars.  The  few  who  preferred  their 
quinine  plain,  were  granted  the  indulgence;  but  the 
larger  few  who  preferred  their  whisky  plain,  were 
not  so  fortunate.  It  was  an  axiom  with  Surgeon  Hol- 
comb  that  quinine  and  whisky  mix^d,  as  a  dose,  was 
non-cumulative  in  the  system,  and  therefore  perfectly 
safe,  whereas  if  the  two  were  given  separately,  the 
quinine  was  extremely  liable  to  accumulate, — in  the 
soldier  s  pocket. 

It  was  the  duty  of  the  guard  to  submit  everything 
to  the  most  rigid  inspection.  Passes  were  carefully 
scrutinized,  and  frequently  their  bearers,  man  or 
woman,  searched.  Day  and  night,  in  either  direction, 
soldiers.  oflScers.  teamsters,  sutlers,  civilians,  courte- 
sans, contractors.  negToes  on  foot,  mounted,  in 
vehicles,  poured  in  a  ceaseless  tide  along  this  artery. 
Watchfulness  could  not  be  over-estimated,  and  vigi- 
lance was  never  relaxed.  River  patrol  boats  were 
added  to  its  guard  between  sunset  and  sunrise,  lest 
some  wily  foe  should  attempt  its  destruction  by 
explosion.  The  subsistence  and  safety  of  the  army 
of  Virginia  largely  depended  upon  its  existence. 

On  the  2d  of  October  the  regiment  was  con- 
solidated with  the  12th  Xew  Hampshire,  147th  New 
York  and  157th  Pennsylvania,  under  the  name  of  the 
'*  First  Provisional  Brigade  for  the  Defense  of  Wash- 
ington," Col.  D.  R.  Wright,  commanding.  At  this 
juncture  Lieut.  Penrose,  of  the  regnilar  army,  was 
assigned  to  the  brigade  as  its  instructor,  and  neither 
officers  nor  men  under  his  tuition  found  many  idle 
moments.  The  following  schedule  shows  the  routine 
of  the  camp  at  this  time  : 

DAILY    DUTY.* 
A.    M. 

Reveille.  6.00. 
Surgeon's  call,  6.15. 
Squad  drill,  6.15  to  7.15. 


*  From  the  original,  made  by  Lieut.  Edwin  ^V.  Bishop. 


2  6  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

Breakfast,  7.15. 
Guard  mount,  8.00. 
Officers'  drill,  8.30  to  9.30. 
Company  drill,  9.30  to  11.00. 

M. 

•    ist  Serg-eant's  call,  12.00. 
Dinner,  12.00. 

p.    -M. 

Inspection  quarters,  i.oo. 

Battalion  drill,  2.00  to  4.00. 

Dress  parade,  5.30. 

Supper,  6.00. 

Officers'  meeting,  7.30. 

Tattoo,  9.00. 

Taps,  9.30. 
The  regiment  was  treated  to  its  first  real  surprise 
on  the  night  of  the  8th  of  October.  An  alarm  was 
given  a  little  after  midnight,  the  first  time  the  "long 
roll  "  had  been  beaten  in  camp.  The  response  was  a 
marvel  to  even  the  old  soldiers.  Co.  K  was  first  in 
line  on  the  parade  ground,  and  answering  to  roll-call 
in  three  minutes;  the  other  companies  were  close 
behind  it.  The  battalion  was  held  an  hour  or  more 
and  dismissed.* 

On  the  first  of  November  orders  were  issued  to 
move  to  Fairfax  Seminary,  Va.,  a  point  about  six 
miles  down  the  river  and  back  of  Alexandria.  Co.  I 
was  sent  forward  next  day  to  lay  out  the  camp.  The 
change  was  gladly  welcomed.  The  feeling  was  uni- 
versal that  Connecticut  had  done  her  share  and  more 
of  police  duty  at  the  capital  of  the  nation.  The  regi- 
ment broke  camp  on  the  3d.  Company  K  being  on 
guard  at  Long  Bridge,  was  recalled  at  noon,  and  it 
was  currently  reported  that  when  the  latter  left 
"guard  quarters,"  the  rats  in  and  about  the  old  build- 
ings stood  on  their  hind  legs  in  line  at  "attention" 

*  It  was  afterwards  learned  that  this  alarm  came  near  being  the  cause  of  a  court 
martial. 


A    Soldier    of    the    Union. 

[From  a  Fhoto.  in  I862.J 


DEFENSE    OF    THE   UNION. 


27 


as  the  boys  filed  by.  The  march  was  a  short  one, 
and  Fairfax  Seminary  was  reached  at  6  p.  m.  Sibley 
tents  were  pitched  ready  for  occupancy. 

The  weather  had  suddenly  grown  cold,  and  the 
sharp  wind  nipped  the  lightly  clad  warriors  bitterly. 
Straw  was  liberally  provided  and  all  hands  burrowed 
in  it  like  so  many  pigs.  The  15th  was  here  brigaded 
with  the  13th  New  Hampshire,  12th  Rhode  Island 
and  25th  and  27th  New  Jersey,  under  the  command  of 
Acting  Brigadier-Gen.  D.  R.  Wright.  Hardly  had 
the  force  got  settled  before  a  large  detail  was  ordered 
on  fatigue  duty  near  Ford  Ward.  This  was  not  satis- 
factory to  men  who  supposed  they  had  turned  their 
backs  on  police  duty  at  Washington.  Fortunately 
the  order  covered  but  two  days. 

The  continued  severe  weather  began  to  add  num- 
bers to  the  sick  list.  Within  a  week  of  the  regiment's 
arrival  at  Camp  Casey,  or  on  the  morning  of  the  7th, 
only  450  men  were  reported  fit  for  duty.*  On  the  8th 
a  supply  of  small  sheet  iron  stoves  was  secured  and 
issued,  one  stove  for  each  tent.f 

The  layout  of  "Camp  Casey,"  at  Fairfax,  was  on 
high  ground  about  a  hundred  rods  south  of  the  Semi- 
nary, and  a  mile  and  a  half  west  of  Alexandria.  A 
long  row  of  dilapidated  buildings  served  as  quarters 
for  the  officers.  Some  of  these  tenements  were  con- 
verted into  hospitals  made  necessary  by  the  alarm- 
inglv  large  sick  list.  It  was  hoped  that  with  the 
change  of  base  and  advent  of  winter  the  health 
of  the  regiment  would  improve.  Such  was  not  the 
case  however,  at  least  while  there.  On  the  contrary, 
the  death  rate  rose  surprisingly.  Malarial  and  typhoid 
fever  were  the  prevailing  diseases  which  the  skill  of 
the  surgeons  failed  to  overcome.  The  first  victim  to 
fall  here  was  Coan  of   E,  followed   by  his   comrade, 


♦Thorpe's  Diary. 

+  The  struggle  of  the  sergeants  to  get  their  requisitions  filled  that  breezy  afternoon 
will  be  long  remembered. 


28         FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

Sperry,  then  by  Roberts,  of  A,  Tallmadge  and  Keat- 
ing-^ of  D  ;  Boyland,  of  H ;  vSmith,  of  I ;  Bassett,  the 
two  Linsley  brothers,  Munson,  Foote  and  Ives,  of  K. 
*Flynn,  of  H  ;  and  Tallmadg-e,  of  A,  had  died  at  Camp 
Chase.  The  month  of  November  was  phenomenally 
cold.  On  the  7th  a  storm  raged  closing  up  at  night  with 
four  inches  of  snow  on  the  ground  and  an  icy  crust. 
Rains  were  frequent,  usually  occurring  while  the  force 
was  on  picket  some  four  miles  southwest  from  camp. 
This  picket  duty  was  the  main  employment.  The  regi- 
ment was  kept  on  an  inner  line  of  the  defenses  of  Wash- 
ington, reaching  from  a  point  on  the  Potomac  four 
miles  above  Chain  Bridge  to  a  place  called  Snowdens, 
on  the  same  river,  two  miles  below  the  Accotinck  turn- 
pike. The  section  covered  by  Col.  Wright's  brigade 
was  four  miles  in  length.  The  15th  Connecticut 
patrolled  one  quarter  of  this  distance.!  The  "Grand 
Guard"  contained  a  little  over  400  luen  (usually  taken 
from  two  regiments)  who  carried  two  days'  rations. 
These  "excursions  "  as  they  came  to  be  called,  offered 
some  opportunity  for  foraging.  The  region  was  thinly 
settled  and  the  isolated  families  were  compelled  to 
keep  an  unusually  vigilant  watch  over  their  dairies 
and  chicken  coops. 

Thanksgiving  (Nov.  27)  was  not  allowed  to  pass 
unobserved.  Scores  of  boxes  filled  with  New  England 
delicacies  from  New  England  homes  arrived  in  ample 
season,  and  the  time-honored  institution  was  kept  in 
an  orthodox  manner.  What  if  the  sutler  did  miss  a 
fine  ham  or  two  ?  What  if  the  commissary  lost  a  sus- 
picious looking  willow  basket  ?     What  if  all  the  cows 


*  Buried  at  Camp  on  Arlington  Heights,  Oct.  i6. 

+  As  a  matter  of  fact  this  guard  consisted  of  472  men  divided  into  four  "  supports." 
Each  support  was  made  up  of  one  Captain,  three  Lieutenants,  si.x  sergeants,  nine  cor- 
porals and  ninety-nine  privates,  all  from  the  same  regiment.  These  supports  were 
further  divided  in  three  "reliefs"  of  39  men,  consisting  of  one  lieutenant,  two  ser- 
geants, three  corporals  and  thirty-three  privates.  Each  support  covered  eleven 
"  posts,"  and  each  post  had  three  men  on  it.  The  posts  were  one  hundred  sixty 
yards  apart.  The  "  reserves  "  lay  some  distance  in  the  rear  and  the  front  was  covered 
by  cavalry  scouts  up  to  the  Confederate  lines. 


DEFENSE   OF   THE   UNION.  29 

within  three  miles  of  camp  were  milked  the  night 
previous?  What  if  Alexandria  contributed  its  quota 
of  long-necked  bottles  to  the  occasion  ?  What  if  there 
was  much  visiting,  and  jollification  and  hilarity  and 
good  cheer  ?  What  if  the  guard  house  was  taxed  for 
"beds"  before  morning?  was  it  not  Thanksgiving? 
Besides,  though  unknown  to  the  lads  at  the  time,  this 
event  was  about  to  close  their  career  as  "Casey's 
pets." 

On  the  30th,  while  a  part  of  the  force  was  on  picket, 
an  order  was  received  detaching  the  regiment  from  fur- 
ther duty  within  the  defenses  of  Washington  and 
commanding  that  it  assemble  at  Acquia  Creek,  Va., 
within  seven  days.  A  courier  was  dispatched  to  the 
front  and  the  guard  brought  in.  This  was  on  Sunday 
evening.  The  next  day  shelter  tents  were  issued, 
five  days'  rations  cooked,  knapsacks  packed,  and  at 
2  p.  m.  the  regiment  filed  out  toward  Washington, 
crossed  Long  Bridge  and  turned  southward  through 
Maryland.  Fifteen  miles  were  covered  before  a  halt 
was  ordered  for  the  night.  The  second  day's  march 
brought  them  to  Chatham;  the  third,  to  near  Piscata- 
quay;  the  fourth,  to  Port  Tobacco,  and  the  fifth,  to 
Liverpool  Point.  The  last  march  was  particularly 
severe.  Snow  fell  the  entire  day  to  the  depth  of 
eight  inches,  and  a  more  weary,  bespattered,  and 
thoroughly  chilled  armed  body  than  was  the  15th 
that  night,  never  lay  down.  The  next  morning  the 
march  was  resumed  and  the  Potomac  reached  in 
a  short  time.  Here  a  number  of  old  and  leaky 
barges  served  as  ferryboats  on  which  the  command 
was  crossed  to  the  Virginia  side,  and  went  into  camp 
on  the  hills  back  of  Accpiia  Creek. 

As  the  boys  looked  on  each  other  and  themselves, 
at  the  close  of  the  week's  march,  there  wasn't  the 
least  doubt  that  their  prayer  for  a  "change"  had 
been  answered.'  Their  outward  appearance  indicated 
it  and  their  language  endorsed  it;  so  much  of  rain, 


3° 


FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT    VOLUNTEEIiS. 


snow,  cold,  mud  and  discomfort  they  had  never  known 
before,  and  did  not  experience  again  in  all  their  cam- 
paigns. More  men  deserted  on  this  march  than  at 
any  other  time  in  the  history  of  the  regiment.  The 
following  list*  compiled  from  official  sources  enu- 
merates the  "missing"  between  Washington  and 
Acquia  Creek  : 

A.  Dickinson. 

B.  Hertzbach. 

C.  Davis,  Keith,  Sperry,  McGuire. 

D.  Balbeeue. 

E.  Cahill. 

F.  Dunham,  Kirtland. 

G.  Dot)'',  Buckley. 
I.      Merrifield. 

K.     Bullard. 

The  day  following  (Sunday)  the  sun  came  out, 
but  the  snow  still  lay  heavily  on  the  ground  and  the 
wind  was  piercing.  The  bivouac  had  been  made  in  a 
pine  grove  and  huge  fires  were  kindled  to  "dry  out  " 
the  boys.  On  Monday  about  thirty  of  the  hundred 
convalescents  left  at  Camp  Casey  obtained  transpor- 
tation at  Alexandria  for  Acquia  Creek  on  an  old 
canal  boat  towed  behind  a  steamer.  They  reached 
the  Creek  late  at  night,  and,  unable  to  find  the  regi- 
ment, lay  down  supperless  in  their  blankets  in  the 
snow.     The  next  morning  a  union  was  effected. 

Tuesda}',  Dec.  9th,  opened  warm  and  smoky.  The 
"  cold  wave  "  had  subsided  and  the  snow  gave  way  to 
a  sea  of  mud.  Molasses  f  was  here  drawn  as  a  ration 
for  the  first  time.  Before  it  could  be  used,  however, 
the  order  came  to  fall  in,  and  the  column  headed 
westward.  A  short  march  of  six  miles  was  made  and 
a  halt  ordered  for  the  night.  No  one  seemed  in  a 
hurry,  and    no  one    except    the    commanding   officer 

*  Returns  to  Col.  Tolles. 

+  Mosher  of  Co.  C  notes  it  as  significant  that  always  afterward  when  molasses 
was  issued,  marching  orders  quickly  followed. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION.  31 

knew  the  destination  of  the  regiment.  This  knowl- 
edge was  not  conveyed  even  to  him  tmtil  the  morn- 
ing of  the  9th,  and  was  as  follows  : 

U.  vS.  Military  Telegraph, 

From  Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac. 
To  Col.  Wright, 

Commanding  3d  Brigade,  Acqaia  Creek,  Va. 

You  will  march  at  once  with  your  whole  command,  taking  the 

road  to  Falmouth,  and  report  to  Maj.  Gen.  Sumner,  sending  an 

aide  forward  for  instructions  with  a  list  of  your  regiments  and  the 

strength  of  your  commands. 

A.    E.    BURNSIDE, 

Maj.  Gen.  Commanding 

Army  of  Potomac. 

The  next  morning  the  march  was  leisurely  re- 
sumed, and  by  noon  it  was  unnecessary  to  inquire 
further  the  object  of  the  expedition.  It  was  apparent 
a  great  struggle  was  about  to  open.  Through  inter- 
minable thousands  of  infantry,  cavalry,  artillery, 
wagon  trains,  and  all  the  baggage  of  war,  the  regi- 
ment was  pushed  until  well  up  toward  the  front. 
Here  it  halted  about  3  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  a 
couple  of  miles  or  more  from  the  Rappahannock  river, 
and  directly  opposite  the  city  of  Fredericksburg. 


CHAPTER  III. 


FREDERICKSBURG. 


9TH    ARMY   CORPS    BADGE. 


The  first  order  issued  after  arrival  at  Fredericks- 
burg was  that  brigading  the  15th  with  the  8th,  nth, 
i6th,  2ist  Conn.,  and  4th  R.  I.,  under  the  command  of 
Col.  Harland,  and  known  as  the  2d 
Brigade,  3d  Division,  9th  Army 
Corps,  in  Sumner's  Right  Grand 
Division. 

It  was  not  far  from  3  o'clock,  as 
said,  when  the  regiment  reached  its 
position.  Rations  were  issued  and 
the  men  prepared  to  make  them- 
selves comfortable  for  the  night. 
But  little  attention  was  paid  to  the 
alignment  of  the  camp  as  it  was  understood  its  loca- 
tion was  but  temporary.     The  weather  was  warm. 

Between  three  and  four  o'clock  on  the  next  morn- 
ing (Dec.  nth)  the  attack  on  the  city  began.  Gen. 
Hunt  opened  with  his  artillery  to  dislodge  the  sharp- 
shooters. The  first  discharge  brought  the  15th  to  its 
feet  with  a  bound,  its  ears  being  unaccustomed  to  the 
music  of  such  "  dogs  of  war." 

Later  it  was  served  with  80  rounds  of  ammunition 
per  man,  and  called  to  arms  at  8  a.  m.  Like  the  most 
of  the  army  that  day,  it  lay  in  a  state  of  expectancy, 
listening  to  the  incessant  artillery  fire.  About  4  p.  m. 
dress  parade  was  ordered,  and  it  filed  out  upon  a  large 
plain,  from  which  shells  could  be  distinctly  seen 
bursting  over  the  distant  city.  Here  Col.  Wright 
made  a  brief  address  to  the  troops,  alleging  his  inabil- 
ity to  accompany  them  and  turned  the  command 
temporarily  over  to  Lieut.  Col.  Tolles. 


kx   It  lil  i^,'5a*.v>.  1 1      ,  ^  ^.    *iJr 


OP 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION.  33 

On  the  morning-  of  the  12th  it  was  again  under 
arms,  and  at  8  o'clock  set  out  for  the  field.  Gen.  Har- 
land's  instructions  were  to  cross  at  the  middle  pon- 
toon bridge.  Nearly  two  hours  were  consumed  in 
reaching  this  point,  which  was  nearly  opposite  the 
city,  and  a  few  rods  below  the  piers  of  the  burned 
railroad  bridge.  Thus  it  was  10  o'clock  when  the 
brigade  halted  on  the  heights  in  an  old  sunken  road 
leading  to  the  river.  A  dense  pall  of  fog  and  smoke 
from  burning  buildings  hung  over  the  city  and 
obscured  the  heights  beyond.  Neither  of  the  armies 
could  see  each  other,  and  under  its  cover,  Sumner  on 
the  right,  and  Franklin  on  the  left,  crossed  the  river 
and  pushed  into  position.  About  three  o'clock  the  fog 
lifted,  uncovering  the  Confederate  lines  on  Maryes 
Heights.  At  this  hour  Gen.  Harland's  brigade 
stretched  like  an  immense  blue  ribbon  from  the  river 
up  the  slope  to  the  summit  of  the  ridge  behind,  wait- 
ing its  turn  to  cross  on  the  centre  pontoon  bridge.  It 
was  in  plain  view  of  the  rebel  batteries  and  a  most 
conspicuous  target.  The  opportunity  was  not  wasted 
by  the  "Johnnies."  A  battery  quickly  opened  on  the 
column  and  the  15th  received  its  first  compliments 
from  the  Confederacy  in  the  form  of  a  percussion 
shell  which  struck  in  Co.  B,  wounding  three  men,  * 
one  mortally.  Other  shots  followed  in  rapid  succes- 
sion. The  point  whence  they  came  was  watched 
with  a  good  deal  of  interest,  not  unminglcd  with 
considerable  anxiety.  Happily  no  others  were 
injured,  and  the  column  was  withdrawn  a  little  out  of 
range.  Meanwhile  this  little  diversion  of  the  rebel 
gunners  had  not  been  allowed  to  pass  unnoticed  by  the 
Union  artillery.  A  battery  of  20  pounders  returned  the 
fire  and  a  long  range  duel  was  continued  until  sunset. 

At  dusk  the  brigade  started  again  for  the  river. 
The  way  was  now  clear  and  crossing  as  contemplated, 


♦  Thompson,  Breen  and  Pardee.     The  former  died  and  was  carried  across  into  the 
city  and  buried  in  a  garden.     Later  his  body  was  removed  under  a  flag  of  truce. 


34 


FIFTEENTH   CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 


it  entered  the  eity  a  few  rods  below  the  old  stone 
church,  and  lay  in  the  main  street  during  the  night. 
Here  nothing  was  lacking  to  add  to  the  destruction 
of  war.  Many  of  the  rebel  dead  la}"  where  they  fell 
in  the  streets,  in  the  gardens — in  the  yards  of  the 
houses.  The  houses  themselves,  riddled  with  shot,  or 
opened  by  exploding  shell,  blackened  and  burned, 
looked  an^^thing  but  inviting  and  home-like.  Trees 
were  broken,  fences  destroyed,  the  streets  torn  by 
shells.  Where  was  the  city's  population  ?  With  the 
exception  of  a  few  blacks  and  an  occasional  family  in 
the  extreme  northern  part,  the  inhabitants  had  sud- 
denly fled,  leaving  in  many  cases  their  household  gods 
and  goods  to  the  mercies  of  the  invaders.  The  usual 
scenes  of  an  abandoned  city  followed  as  a  matter  of 
course. 

It  was  "an  eye  for  an  eye."  From  many  of  those 
now  riddled  and  dismantled  dwellings  and  from  every 
hiding  place  the  rebel  sharp-shooters  had  for  hours 
baffled  all  attempts  to  cross  the  river.  This  was  their 
right  to  do.  It  was  legitimate  warfare,  but  it  brought 
the  bombardment  and  sacking  of  the  city  on  their 
heads  as  the  natural  result. 

At  four  o'clock  next  morning,  December  13,  the 
men  were  aroused.  There  was  no  beating  of  the 
reveille.  It  was  still  dark  and  very  quiet.  Rations 
of  raw  salt  pork  and  hard  bread  were  distributed. 
Fires  were  forbidden,  and  consequently,  there  was  no 
coffee.  Soon  after  daylight  a  stir  of  the  forces  in  the 
city  was  apparent  and  at  8  o'clock  the  attack  began. 
It  was  not  known  at  the  time  that  the  15th  was  among 
the  reserves,  consequently  there  was  a  general  air  of 
expectation — among  the  men  at  least,  that  this  large 
and  well  eqiiipped  regiment  would  be  among  the  first 
to  be  ordered  up.  Such  was  not  the  case.  The  bri- 
gade was  massed  upon  the  bank  of  the  river  below  the 
city,  where  it  remained  during  the  day.  It  was  a 
"safe  and  happy  shelter"  for  the  men.     Directly  in 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UXION.  .5 

the  rear  of  the  city  and  less  than  a  mile  distant,  death 
in  its  most  horrid  form  strode  conqueror  the  en- 
tire day  long — all  the  noise  of  the  field  was  dis- 
tinctly audible — the  incessant  rattle  of  the  rifles, 
rising  at  times  to  a  continued  roar,  the  shouts  of  the 
charging  columns,  the  spiteful  crack  of  the  light  bat- 
teries, the  screaming  missiles  in  the  air,  and  over  all 
the  terrible  thunder  of  the  heavy  guns  upon  either 
heights  made  it  a  day  second  only  to  Gettysburg. 

It  was  while  lying  in  this  position  that  many  of 
the  brigade  were  disabled  by  the  Union  guns.  A 
New  York  battery — Benjamin's — was  using  defec- 
tive ammunition,  with  the  result  that  the  shells 
exploded  directly  over  the  reserves.  A  few  were 
killed  and  a  number  wounded.  The  15th,  however, 
escaped  injtiry. 

Suddenly,  toward  nightfall,  the  conflict  seemed  to 
increase  in  intensity.  There  was  a  hurried  call  to 
arms  at  4  o'clock,  and  in  a  fe;v  moments  the  brigade 
was  under  way  for  the  field.  It  had  scarcely  cleared 
the  streets  of  the  city  and  deployed  in  line  of  battle 
before  it  came  under  fire.  There  was  a  swift  advance 
through  a  field,  then  over  a  stream  and  across  a 
meadow  to  the  cover  a  slight  rise  of  ground  afforded. 
Here  the  line  halted  and  dressed;  a  few  were  wounded; 
but  ten  seconds  later  such  a  storm  of  lead  and  iron 
broke  over  the  swamp  just  crossed  as  would  have 
decimated  any  force  there. 

As  this  was  the  position  indicated  for  the  brigade 
to  occupy,  it  stacked  its  arms,  spread  its  blankets  and 
lay  down.  Comrades  will  recall  on  that  eventful 
night,  the  anxiety  of  their  young  adjutant  passing 
down  the  rear  of  the  line  entreating  the  companies 
by  turn  with  a  good  deal  of  fervor  to  "  keep  quiet." 

By  this  time  the  firing  had  nearly  ceased,  but.  O, 
what  a  day  of  slaughter  it  had  been.  Says  Palfry: 
"The  short  winter's  day  came  to  an  end.  Fifteen 
thousand  men  lav  dead  or  wounded  along  the  banks 


36  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

of  the  Rappahannock  and  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
was  no  nearer  Richmond  than  it  was  when  the  sun 
rose.  *  *  *  The  Federals  had  had  a  day  of  hard 
and  hopeless  effort  and  they  had  nothing  to  cheer 
them  but  the  consciousness  of  duty  nobly  done." 

The  night  was  quiet.  Neither  side  maneuvered  for 
advantage.  The  dead  and  wounded  were  quietly 
removed.  An  occasional  rifle  shot  cracked  out  on  the 
picket  line,  but  both  combatants  were  too  wearied  to 
harass  each  other  to  any  extent. 

The  i5th's  haversacks  were  empty,  and  at  early 
dawn  a  detail  was  sent  back  to  the  city  for  rations 
and  stragglers.  A  number  of  the  latter  were  picked 
up  in  the  streets  and  under  guard  were  made  to  "  tote  " 
the  boxes  of  hard  bread  up  to  their  comrades.  It  was 
in  vain  that  these  skedaddling  warriors  protested  they 
were  lost  from  the  regiment  the  night  previous,  and 
equally  discredited  by  the  officer  of  the  detail  was  a 
cotnrade's  explanation  that  as  it  was  vSunday  morning 
he  had  gone  in  to  attend  Church. 

It  was,  in  truth,  Sunday  morning,  December  14th. 
The  scanty  rations  were  eaten  long  before  sunrise, 
and  at  that  hour  the  brigade  was  ordered  back  into 
the  city.  Six,  seven,  eight  o'clock  passed,  and  under 
cover  of  the  buildings  a  large  force  was  seen 
concentrating.  In  all  the  streets  ranks  of  men 
were  quietly  assembling.  Presently  the  rumor  ran 
down  the  line  that  Gen.  Burnside  in  person  would 
lead  a  storming  column  of  eighteen  picked  regiments 
of  the  9th  corps,  of  which  the  15th  Conn,  was  to  be  one. 
The  assault  was  ordered  at  9  o'clock.  Final  instruc- 
tions were  issued  for  this  event;  the  "suddenly  indis- 
posed "  were  weeded  out — belts  were  tightened — bay- 
onets fixed — caps  removed  from  guns — messages  given 
to  those  remaining  behind,  and  the  armed  host  stood 
grim  and  silent  ready  for  the  command  to  march. 
Luckily  such  order  was  not  given;  had  it  been,  the 
human  wave  would  have  dashed  just  as  fruitlessly 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION. 


37 


against  the  enemy's  works  as  did  its  comrades  the 
day  before. 

For  two  long  hours  the  forces  stood  in  line  in  that 
state  of  expectancy  which  only  they  know  who  have 
had  a  like  terrible  duty  assigned  them. 

Between  lo  and  ii  o'clock  the  order  was  given  to 
break  ranks,  coupled  with  the  announcement  the 
attack  was  abandoned.  The  regiment  remained  in 
the  city  during  the  day.  Occasionally  an  artillery 
duel  at  long  range  would  break  out  for  a  few  miniates, 
and  once  or  twice  the  picket  lines  got  somewhat 
angry,  but  on  the  whole  it  was  a  quiet  Sunday.  Both 
forces  were  resting  on  their  arms. 

The  next  morning  found  the  brigade  still  in  the 
city.  There  was  heavy  cannonading  on  the  right  and 
left  during  the  day,  with  an  occasional  demonstration 
in  the  centre,  but  no  infantry  advance.  It  became 
clear  to  the  union  officers  that  Gen.  Lee  did  not 
intend  to  assume  the  offensive.  This  left  but  one 
recourse  to  the  union  army ;  retreat !  There  was 
considerable  moving  by  Gen.  Burnside  of  his  men  in 
the  face  of  the  enemy  during  the  day,  as  if  maneu- 
vering for  attack.  The  picket  lines  were  sharply 
maintained  and  every  evidence  manifested  of  an 
impending  advance.  This  belief  was  also  general 
among  the  men. 

The  night  came  on  cloudy,  foggy  and  exceeding 
dark.  At  lo  o'clock  the  regiment  which  had  stretched 
itself  asleep  in  the  street  was  quietly  aroused 
and  without  so  much  as  a  click  of  a  buckle,  led  out  of 
the  city  to  the  front.  Here  the  picket  fires  burned 
dim  through  the  fog  and  the  two  lines  uneasily 
watched  each  other.  On  the  part  of  the  15th  a  night 
attack  was  expected.  The  actual  fact  was  that  Gen. 
Burnside  was  retreating.  Toward  every  crossing  col- 
umns of  men  were  silently  streaming  in  the  most  or- 
derly manner.  Not  a  command  was  given  except  to 
^'  follow  your  leader."     The  pontoon  bridges  had  been 


38  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

carefully  muffled  with  hay  and  dirt,  and  every  precau- 
tion taken  to  pass  the  army  over  qiiickly  and  noiseless- 
ly. The  15th  remained  at  the  front  (now  the  rear)  to 
cover  the  retreat.  It  was  among  the  very  last  of  the 
regiments  to  leave  the  city,  and  crossed  the  river 
not  far  from  two  o'clock  in  the  morning.  It 
proceeded  at  once  to  its  old  camp  ground, 
reaching  that  jolly  locality  in  the  midst  of  a  heavy 
rain  about  an  hour  later.  Not  a  tent  was  standing  on 
arrival.  Every  effect  had  been  packed  to  go  forward 
on  the  "advance  to  Richmond."  There  was  nothing 
for  the  defeated  soldier  to  do  but  select  the  softest  (?) 
place  in  the  mud,  wrap  the  "  drapery  "  of  his  blanket 
about  him  and  lie  down  to  be  beaten  by  the  pitiless 
storm.  Fortunately  the  weather  was  mild  and  he 
slept  like  a  veteran. 

Thus  terminated  a  disastrous  campaign,  but  it  had 
been  the  means  of  "seasoning"  the  15th  Conn.  The 
next  morning  the  tents  were  returned,  company 
streets  were  marked  out,  and  in  a  surprisingly  short 
time  the  camp  again  took  on  a  martial  appearance. 

The  following  brief  report  appeared  in  the  public 
press  *  at  that  time. 

THE  LYON  REGIMENT. 

Headquarters  15tli  Regiment,  C.  Y., 
2d  Brigade,  3d  Division,  9th  Army  Corps, 

Army  op  Potomac,  Dec.  17,  1862. 

Sir: — In  compliance  with  orders,  I  have  the  honor  to  transmit 
the  following  account  of  the  operations  of  my  command  in  the 
battle  at  Fredericksburg,  together  with  the  names  of  those  killed 
and  wounded  during  the  engagement.  In  obedience  to  General 
Orders  No.  34,  dated  December  10,  my  command  formed  in  their 
camping  ground  at  S  a.  m.,  Dec.  11,  and  remained  under  arms 
during  the  day  and  succeeding  night.  On  the  following  day,  at  8 
a.  m.  they  took  up  the  line  of  march,  left  in  front,  and  proceeded 
to  the  pontoon  bridge,  on  the  Rappahannock,  where  they 
remained  during  the  day ;  towards  night  they  marched  over  the 

*  Journal  and  Courier. 


DEFENSE   OF   THE   UNION.  39 

bridge  into  the  city  of  Fredericksburg,  and  remained  under  arms 
during  the  night.  On  the  following  morning  they  marched,  left 
in  front,  to  the  flat  on  the  south  shore  of  the,  river,  where  they 
formed  in  battalion  masses  and  remained  during  the  day  under 
arms.  At  4%  o'clock  p.  m.  they  took  the  line  of  march  and 
formed  in  line  of  battle  under  the  brow  of  the  hill,  in  the  rear  of 
the  "  Slaughter  House,"  a  little  to  the  right,  where  they  lay  upon 
their  arms  until  the  next  morning,  when  they  marched  back  to  the 
city,  and  remained  under  arms  during  that  day  and  night  and 
succeeding  day.  At  night  they  again  formed  in  line  of  battle  on 
the  plain,  to  the  right  of  the  '•  Slaughter  House,"  and  after 
remaining  under  arms  some  two  hours  were,  at  about  10  o'clock, 
ordered  back  to  camp. 

Two  companies,  "  A  "  and  "  F,"  were  detached  on  the  night  of 
the  13th  to  support  the  nth  C.  V.,  on  picket  duty.  Two  com- 
panies, "  D  "  and  "  I,"  were  also  detailed  on  the  night  of  the  15th 
inst  .  for  fatigue  duty  at  the  pontoon  bridge.* 

The  casualties  during  the  engagement  were  as  follows,  viz. : 
Co.  A,  Henry  Warnock,  minnie  ball  through  the  hand.  Co.  B, 
J.  B  Thompson,  mortally  wounded  in  the  head  by  a  shell,  since 
died  ;  James  Breen,  wounded  by  a  shell,  leg  amputated  ;  William 
Pardee,  wounded  in  the  ankle,  severely.  Co.  C,  Corp.  Chas. 
Galpin,  wounded  in  the  head  and  shoulder,  severely.  Co.  E. 
Thomas  Stenson  wounded  in  the  leg,  severely  ;  Michael  Buckley, 
wounded  in  the  hip,  severe  contusion;  Orrin  Beers,  wounded  in 
the  thumb.  Co.  I,  Thomas  Owens,  wounded  in  the  head  by  our 
own  battery  on  Stafford  Heights,  not  dangerously;  Surgeon  H. 
V.  C.  Holcombe,  wounded  in  the  head,  not  seriously. 

In  closing  my  report,  I  deem  it  justice  to  Col.  Wright  to  say 
that,  though  not  able  to  take  command  of  his  battalion  on  account 
of  severe  injuries  previously  received,  yet  he  was  present  when- 
ever the  state  of  his  health  would  permit,  in  aiding  me  and  in 
cheering  and  encouraging  the  men. 

Very  respectfully  your  obedient  servant. 

[Signed]  SAMUEL  TOLLES, 

Lieut. -Colonel  Comd'g  15th  C.  V." 


*  Company  H  was  detailed  to  assist  in  burying  the  dead  after  the  battle.  Corp. 
H.  C.  Baldwin  reports  that  they  buried  400  Union  soldiers  in  one  trench,  and  that 
most  of  these  bodies  were  stripped  of  everything  but  underclothes.  The  Confederate 
authorities  ordered  them  to  bury  the  dead  horses,  which  they  very  properly  refused  to 
do.     On   leaving   the   field   our   boys  struck  up  "  John   Brown's   Body,"   etc.     Gen. 

Barksdale  rode  up  and  commanded  that  the   "d d  Yankee  song  be  stopped,  or 

somebody  would  get  shot." 


40  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

The  two  succeedino-  days  were  spent  in  preparing 
reports,  cleaning  clothes,  polishing  equipments, 
policing  the  grounds  and  generally  settling  things. 
On  the  1 8th,  attractive  and  interesting  exercises  were 
held  in  the  brigade,  which  one  of  the  veterans 
*  thus  describes:  "  December  i8.  To-day  preparations 
were  made  for  mounting  some  of  the  members  of  the 
different  regiments  of  the  brigade.  The  men  selected 
to  ride  not  being  experienced  horsemen,  had  the  pre- 
caution when  mounted  to  have  placed  a  strong  rope 
around  each  ankle,  and  fastened  to  a  tent  pin  driven 
in  the  ground.  The  'horses'  were  the  hardiest  and 
tallest  used  m  the  service,  some  standing  at  least  lo 
feet  high  and  correspondingly  strong.  Owing  to  the 
scarcity  of  these  horses,  in  some  cases  iive  and  six 
riders  were  mounted  on  the  same  animal  (?)  Such  a 
spectacle  did  not  fail  to  engross  the  attention  of  the 
less  favored  soldiery,  but  as  these  mounted  men 
evinced  more  or  less  aversion  to  converse  with  their 
comrades  as  to  the  reason  of  their  attitude,  their 
commander  had  thoughtfully  hung  upon  them  large 
printed  cards,  bearing  in  heavy  letters  such  legends 
as  these  : 

Deserter.  I  am  a  coward. 

I  ran  away.  I  skulked. 

Thief.  Etc.,  etc." 

All  these  little  attentions  were  showered  on  these 
men  to  attest  the  appreciation  their  officers  had  of 
their  courage  and  usefulness  during  the  late  battle. 
The  first  dress  parade  after  the  return  was  held  on 
the  19th.  On  the  21st,  the  regiment  was  on  picket  on 
the  Rappahannock,  in  front  of  the  city.  The  citizens 
had  returned  to  their  homes,  and  the  Confederate 
lines  were  brought  again  to  the  waters'  edge.  Con- 
siderable chaffing  and  some  trading  in  coffee  and 
tobacco  were  done   across  the  stream.      (Members  of 

♦Griffin  of  C. 


Military   Discipline. 


DEFENSE    OF   THE   UNION.  41 

Co.  C  will  remember  with  pleasure  the  army  mule 
who  waltzed  around  on  their  sleeping  forms  in  the 
shed  that  night). 

On  the  24th,  a  review  of  the  9th  Corps  by  Gens. 
Burnside  and  Sumner  took  place  on  the  plain,  near 
the  Lacy  House. 

Christmas  came  warm  and  serene,  a  surprise  even 
to  the  citizens  of  that  latitude.  Many  private  boxes 
reached  the  camp  in  season,  and  these,  with  a  special 
issue  of  fresh  beef  and  vegetables,  made  the  occasion 
an  enjoyable  one.  The  night  was  clear  and  the  moon 
at  its  full.  It  was  no  hour  for  strife  or  bitterness. 
Where  bvit  a  few  days  before  the  hot  muzzles  of  a 
hundred  and  more  cannon  on  each  side  had  hurled 
death  across  the  narrow  valley,  now  stood  various 
military  bands  playing  the  old  time  tunes  of  the 
Union  to  the  listening  thousands  of  soldiers.  As  the 
night  wore  along,  the  musical  selections  on  both  sides 
shaded  off  to  "The  Girl  I  Left  Behind  Me,"  and 
finally  as  if  by  a  common  impulse,  the  strains  of 
"Home,  Sweet  Home"  broke  out  right,  left  and 
centre  from  friend  and  foe,  till  the  air  was  tremulous 
with  melody. 

The  New  Year  opened  with  the  armies  still  con- 
fronting each  other.  Something  of  excitement  had 
prevailed  in  the  regiment  during  the  last  days  of 
December,  when  three  days'  rations  were  ordered 
cooked,  coupled  with  the  admonition  to  be  ready  to 
march  at  a  moment's  notice.  However,  no  move  fol- 
lowed. On  January  6th,  Gen.  Burnside  reviewed  the 
9th  Army  Corps.  The  weather  now  began  to  grow 
cold  and  storms  were  frequent.  Huts  were  built  in 
the  hillside,  with  fire-places  and  mud  chimneys. 
Wood  and  water  were  in  the  greatest  demand. 

The  former  had  to  be  "toted"  something  more 
than  a  mile  on  the  men's  shoulders,  and  the  latter  in 
any  fit  condition  was  impossible  to  find.  "  Springs  " 
were  opened  here  and  there,  but  the  surface  drainage 


42  FIFTEENTH   CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

with  every  storm  flowed  into  them,  laden  with  the 
accumulating-  poison  of  a  camp.  Whiskey  rations 
were  issued  as  an  antidote,  but  not  even  the  hottest 
"brand"  of  that  liquor  ever  distilled  could  get  the 
best  of  the  water  at  Fredericksburg.  There  was  but 
one  thing  viler;  the  soup  served  at  the  Washington 
Railroad  depot  in  1862. 

These  discomforts  soon  affected  the  health  of  the 
regiment.  Both  ol^cers  and  men  began  to  give  way 
until  the  illness  nearly  equaled  that  of  Fairfax  Sem- 
inary. Typhoid  fever  was  the  prevailing  disease. 
Jan.  20th,  general  orders  were  read  at  dress  parade 
at  the  head  of  every  regiment  of  Gen.  Burnside's 
cominand,  announcing  an  immediate  movement  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac.  The  15th  was  under  marching- 
orders  at  2  a.  m.  the  next  morning.  But  as  at  that 
hour  a  heavy  rain  was  falling,  the  order  was  counter- 
manded, and  later  it  went  on  picket  at  the  front. 
The  two  succeeding-  days,  rain  fell  incessantly,  but 
notwithstanding  this,  Burnside  began  his  second 
attempt  to  cross  the  river  and  troops  were  moving 
aimlessly  in  all  directions.  No  pen  as  yet  has  been 
able  to  describe  the  inextricable  snarl  and  confusion 
attendant  on  this  move.  The  vocabulary  has  not  been 
coined  in  which  to  express  it.  Pontoons,  artillery, 
cavalry,  infantry,  wagon  trains,  became  hopelessly 
swamped  and  unable  to  move.  Said  a  sergeant  not 
long  afterwards,  "  Heaven  muttered  at  the  deed  and 
sent  an  angel  to  stop  it."  If  so,  then  that  "angel" 
was  Mud,  mud  in  supreme  condition,  with  unlimited 
capital  and  anxious  for  business.  It  was  mud  that 
checked  the  movement — mud  that  saved  thousands 
of  lives,  and  mud  that  spared  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  another  crushing  defeat.  On  the  23d,  the 
advance  (?)  was  recalled  and  the  sun  shone 
brightly  the  saine  day.  No  regrets  were  felt  at  the 
failure  of  the  enterprise,  neither  was  any  mortification 
experienced  by  the  regiment  when,  shortly  after,  out 


DEFENSE   OF  THE   UNION.  43 

on  picket,  they  read  this  announcement  in  broad 
letters  on  a  board  within  the  enemy's  lines,  "  Burn- 
side  stuck  in  the  mud." 

This  excitement  over,  the  boys  again  turned  atten- 
tion to  strengthening  their  winter  quarters.  On  the 
28th,  a  violent  snow-storm  set  in,  but  such  good  pro- 
vision had  been  made  in  "  stockading  "  the  tents  that 
although  a  foot  or  more  fell  on  a  level,  no  serious  dis- 
comfort was  felt.  The  day  following,  the  regiment 
was  mustered  for  two  months'  pay  which  further 
assisted  it  to  bear  the  rigors  of  the  Virginia  winter. 


CHAPTER    IV. 


DEPARTURE      FROM      FREDERICKSBURG NEWPORT      NEWS 

SIEGE      OF      SUFFOLK EDENTON      ROAD THE      PROVI- 
DENCE    CHURCH     ROAD     SKIRMISH DEPARTURE     FROM 

SUFFOLK. 

With  the  miscarriage  of  Burnside's  last  plan  to 
reach  Richmond  came  a  change  of  base  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac.  On  the  5th  of  February  the  brigade 
received  marching  orders,  and  the  next  day  took  the 
cars  for  Acquia  Creek.  Transports  were  in  waiting, 
and  being  safely  disposed  on  board  the  steamer  John 
Brooks,  the  regiment  bore  away  down  the  river  for 
Newport  News,  on  the  7th.  This  beautiful  spot  was 
reached  on  the  afternoon  of  the  8th  (Sunday).  Here, 
large  and  roomy  barracks  received  the  regiment. 
The  change  was  a  welcome  one.  Two  months  at 
"Camp  Mud,"  with  its  fetid  water,  its  insufficient 
rations,  its  damp  and  narrow  accommodations  like 
graves  on  a  hillside,  had  taken  the  ''sand"  out  of 
many  a  lad  and  laid  him  in  the  hospital.  But 
coming  into  wholesome  quarters,  with  ample  light 
and  air,  and  more  than  all,  plentiful  rations,  coupled 
with  such  change  of  diet  as  the  sea  afforded,  the  men 
rallied  speedily  and  the  whole  force  early  regained  its 
old  prestige. 

A  stay  of  four  weeks  was  made  at  Newport  News.* 
Many  of  the  officers  took  short  furlou^;hs.  Communi- . 
cation  with  the  North  was  uninterrupted,  and  "  Capt. 
Hinsdale's  express "  brought  many  a  reminder  of 
New  England  hospitality  into  camp.  Excursions  to 
Fortress  Monroe  and  other  points  were  frequent. 
Duty  was  light  and  mainly  confined  to  battalion  and 

*  Col.  Wright  resigned  the  command  of  the  regiment  at  this  point,  Feb.  13th. 


Major  Eli  W.  Osborne. 


DEFENSE  OF    THE   UNION. 


45 


brigade  drill,  with  an  occasional  review.  Rations 
of  fresh  beef,  soft  bread  and  vegetables  were  issued. 
Altogether  it  was  a  rest  worthy  of  remembrance. 

On  March  13th  orders  were  issued  to  break  camp 
and  repair  on  board  a  waiting  transport.  The  regi- 
ment embarked  about  4  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  and 
arrived  at  Norfolk  late  in  the  evening.  All  hands 
remained  on  board  until  2  o'clock  a.  m.,  when  they 
were  ordered  ashore  and  spent  the  remainder  of  the 
night  on  the  sidewalks  of  the  city.  Transportation 
by  rail  was  secured  for  Suffolk,  Va.,  and  at  noon  the 
command  was  set  down  in  the  latter  village.*  Camp 
was  established  a  short  distance  west  of  the  town, 
near  the  Nansemond  river.  The  arrival  was  none  too 
early,  for  scarcely  were  the  tents  pitched  before  a 
violent  storm  set  in,  and  on  the  morning  of  the  21st 
there  was  a  foot  of  snow  on  the  ground.  It  was  here 
that  the  regiment,  by  an  enforced  companionship 
with  the  pickaxe  and  shovel,  became  very  well 
acquainted  with  the  use  of  the  same.  The  reasons 
for  this  severe  fatigue  duty  became  apparent  when 
the  sound  of  Longstreet's  cannon  on  April  loth 
announced  his  arrival  before  the  city.  It  was  then 
conceded  that  not  a  shovel  too  much  of  earth  had 
been  thrown  up.  Gen.  Peck  was  in  command  of  the 
Union  forces.  Gen.  Longstreet  in  his  efforts  to  force 
a  passage  held  vSuffolk  as  in  a  vise.  From  the  hour  of 
his  investment  of  the  place  until  his  departure  on 
May  4th,  both  armies  lay  on  their  arms,  so  to  speak. 
The  Union  lines  were  fairly  well  intrenched  along  the 
right  bank  of  the  river.  Both  forces  lay  within  easy 
cannon  shot  of  each  other,  and  sorties,  reconnoissances 
and  skirmishes  allowed  neither  side  any  rest.  It  was 
the  most  arduous  campaigning  so  far  that  the  15th 
had  done.  On  the  17th,  the  22d  Conn,  arrived 
among  other  reinforcements.     Gens.  Halleck  and  Dix 


*  Boys,  do   you  remember  the  hot  coffee  the  i66th    Penn.  furnished  us  on    our 
arrival  at  that  place  ? 


46  I'lFTIlENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

came  a  day  or  two  later,  and  at  a  council  of  war  it 
was  seen  that  the  situation  should  be  held  at  all 
hazards.  Frequent  demonstrations  were  ordered  by 
the  Union  commanders  to  impress  the  enemy  with  a 
sense  of  the  streng-th  of  the  defenses.  A  couple  of 
gunboats  came  up  the  Nansemond  and  took  part  in 
shelling'  the  woods.  On  the  20th  the  8th  Conn, 
crossed  the  river,  captured  an  earthwork  with  five 
guns  and  150  prisoners. 

U])  to  this  time  the  regiment  had  been  under  the 
command  of  Lieut. -Col.  Tolles.  (Jn  the  i8th  a  special 
order  of  the  War  Department  assigned  Lieut. -Col. 
Charles  L.Upham,  of  the  8th  Conn.,  to  the  15th,  and  he 
assumed  command  next  day.  Col.  Upham  came  with 
an  enviable  war  record.  Originally  a  first  sergeant 
in  the  3d  Conn.,  he  saw  service  at  Bull  Run.  At 
the  organization  of  the  8th  Conn,  he  entered  that 
regiment  as  captain  of  Co.  K,  and  for  gallantry 
at  Fredericksburg  in  '62  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
major.  Again,  in  March,  1863,  he  was  commissioned 
lieutenant-colonel  of  the  same  command. 

On  April  24th,  Gen.  Peck  ordered  a  reconnoissance 
on  the  Edenton  road.  The  nth,  15th  and  i6th  Conn., 
under  Col.  Beach  of  the  i6th  Conn.,  led  the  advance. 
A  force  of  6,000  or  7,000  men  under  Gen.  Corcoran 
followed.  These  were  mostly  new  troops,  with  the 
exception  of  the  13th  Ind. 

The  brigade  assembled  at  Fort  Dix.  A  march  of 
two  miles  was  made  before  the  enemy's  pickets  were 
encountered.  These  were  speedily  driven  in  and  then 
their  line  of  battle  was  distinctly  seen.  A  charge  was 
ordered  by  C(j1.  Beach  and  the  brigade  dashed  in. 
The  enemy  slowly  fell  back  disputing  every  yard 
until  nearly  two  miles  had  been  covered  in  this  man- 
ner. C(j1.  Upham  dismounted,  led  the  15th,  and  when 
the  recall  was  sounded  this  regiment  was  far  in  ad- 
vance of  the  others,  even  being  on  its  own  skirmish 
line.     New  batteries  were  encountered  which  vigor- 


DKFENSh:    OF    THE   UNION.  47 

oiisly  shelled  uur  t'orees  and  the  object  of  the  recon- 
noissance  being-  aceomplished  it  was  deemed  prudent 
to  fall  back.  In  this  affair  the  regiment  had  five  men* 
wounded,  one  <if  whom,  Dougal,  died  the  next  day. 

The  following-  is  the  official  report: 

Headquarters  15T11  C.  V., 
(Near  Batter}^  New  York), 
Suffolk,  Va.,  ]\lay  2d,  1S63. 
LiKUT. : 

In  compliance  with  Special  Orders  No.  7S,  I  have  the  honor  to 
submit  the  following  report  :  April  19th  I  assumed  command  of 
this  regiment,  then  lying  in  bivouac  at  the  works  on  the  right  of 
Fort  Union,  where  it  remained  until  April  24th,  when,  with  the 
13th  Ind.,  nth  and  i(>th  Conn.  Vols.,  commanded  by  Col.  Beach 
of  the  i6th,  made  a  reconnoissance  on  the  road,  this  regiment 
supporting  the  skirmishers  on  the  left;  after  advancing  some 
four  miles  was  ordered  to  withdraw  quietly,  and  resumed  our 
former  position  near  Fort  Union  at  about  6  o'clock  a.  m.  The 
casualties  were  four  wounded,  one  of  whom  has  since  died.  On 
the  26th,  received  an  order  from  Col.  Foster,  commanding  line 
between  Fort  Nansemond  and  Fort  Union,  forming  a  provisional 
brigade  of  the  nth,  15th  and  i6th  Conn.  Vols.,  under  command  of 
Col  Beach.  The  regiment  was  relieved  on  the  2Sth  by  the  iiSth 
N.  Y.  v.,  and  encamped  on  (icn.  Harland's  line  of  defense  near 
Batterj'^  New  York. 

Inclosed  please  find  report  of  INIajor  Osborn,  commanding  regi- 
ment, to  April  19th. 

Yours  respectfully, 

CHAS.   L.   UPllAM, 

Col.  Conulg.   I  5lh  C.  V. 

P>y  dint  of  hard  work  the  new  fort  in  which  the 
regiment  held  so  much  stock  (in  labor)  was  com- 
pleted on  the  27th  and  the  big  100  pounder  gun  was 
trained  on  their  foes.  About  this  time  also  the  loca- 
tion of  the  camp  was  changed  to  near  Cien.  Getty's 
qiuirtcrs  on  Gen.  Harland's  front.  Here  it  was,  near 
by  the  camp  of  the  "One  hundred  three  times  N.  Y.," 
that  the  boys  by  their  superior  skill  in  making  the 
gabions   used   in   the   earthworks  of  the   forts  earned 


♦Lieut.  Bowns  of  C.     Schwart  of  D.     Dougal  and  Williams  of  H,  and  Lego  of  L 


48  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

that  famous  appellation,  "  The  basket  makers  of  the 
Nansemond." 

On  or  about  the  tirst  of  May  the  pressure  upon 
Longstreet's  forces  became  so  great  that  he  was 
forced  to  commence  preparations  for  a  possible 
retreat.  Gen.  Peck  became  apprised  of  this  and  was 
ordered  to  hinder  his  departure,  and  if  possible  pre- 
vent his  junction  with  the  Confederate  forces  gather- 
ing in  and  around  Chancellorsville,  Va.  Accordingly, 
an  attack  on  his  lines  was  ordered  by  Gen.  Peck,  May 
3d,  in  which  the  Connecticut  brigade  bore  an  imjDort- 
ant  part.  This  was  none  other  than  a  demonstration 
on  the  rebel  front  via  the  Providence  Church  road. 
The  force  was  under  Gen.  Getty.  vSeveral  regiments 
were  in  the  advance  with  artillery,  cavalry,  &c. 

The  nth,  15th  and  i6th  Conn,  were  held  in 
reserve  until  noon  when  they  were  ordered  to  the 
front  to  relieve  some  of  the  other  regiments.  Dur- 
ing this  movement  the  15th  was  at  one  time  exposed 
to  the  point  blank  fire  of  a  rebel  battery,  and  why 
they  escaped  destruction  nobody  knew.  They  gained 
a  small  ravine  however,  just  as  a  storm  of  grape  and 
canister  screamed  over  their  heads.  Even  while  lying 
there  they  were  galled  by  the  fire  of  the  rebel  sharp- 
shooters perched  in  the  lofty  trees.  It  was  at  this 
skirmish  that  wSurgeon  Holcomb  was  three  times  com- 
plimented with  rebel  bullets.  During  the  night  the 
forces  were  withdrawn. 

The  following  is  the  official  report : 

Headquarters  15th  C.  V., 

Suffolk,  Va.,  May  4th,  1863. 

Lieut. — I  have  the  honor  to  state  that  at  8  o'clock  p.  m.,  on  the 
3d,  in  obedience  to  orders,  I  marched  from  camp  with  320  enlisted 
men  and  officers  with  the  brigade,  crossed  the  bridge  on  the 
Providence  Church  road.  About  i  30  o'clock  a  m.  I  received 
orders  to  relieve  the  25th  New  Jersey  regiment  on  the  right, 
arriving  I  found  two  companies  engaged,  which  I  relieved  and 
remained  in  the  same  position  until  dusk,  when  I  received  orders 


DEFENSE    OF   THE   UNION.  49 

to  withdraw  and  form  in  line  at  the  burnt  house  near  the  bridge. 
Upon  arriving  at  the  house  received  orders  to  proceed  to  camp, 
which  I  reached  at  9  a.  m.  *  Our  loss,  one  killed,  four  wounded 
and  f)ne  missing. 

I  am  very  respectfully, 

CHARLES  L.  UPHAM, 

Colonel  Commanding  ij;t/i  C.    V. 

The  effect  of  this  assault  not  only  delayed  the 
departure  of  the  Confederate  forces,  but  it  was  such 
as  to  open  the  way  for  a  cavalry  movement  so  effect- 
ive that  Longstreet  was  driven  beyond  the  Black- 
water  and  the  siege  of  Suffolk  was  raised.  Although 
the  departure  of  the  enemy  removed  all  immediate 
danger  yet  the  attention  of  the  15th  was  still  confined 
to  picket  and  fatigue  duty.  The  same  vigilance  was 
inaintained  and  work  on  the  fortifications  kept  up 
much  to  the  disgust  of  the  boys.  A  change  in  the 
location  of  the  camp  grot:nd  two  or  three  times 
eventtially  brought  them  to  "Fort  Connecticut"  near 
the  last  of  May,  where  they  remained  until  their  final 
departure. 

It  was  on  the  occasion  of  one  of  these  sudden 
camp  changes  that  the  regiment  coming  in  from 
duty  found  the  commissary  department  gone  five 
miles  down  the  river.  The  camp  stitler  had  his 
effects  all  packed,  but  for  some  reason  had  not  gotten 
away.  The  boys  were  hungry  and  the  modest  request 
was  made  that  he  unpack  his  stores  and  open  up  a 
temporary  trade.  To  this  he  demurred,  but  alas  for 
him  the  "demurrer"  was  not  sustained.  No  one 
assumes  to  know  just  how  it  happened,  but  when  all 
was  over  there  was  a  very  mad  sutler  and  a  general 


*  Killed,  William  H.  Glassford,     Co.  G. 

Wounded,    James  B.  Parker,  Co.  A. 

James  Greenland,  Co.  A. 

Louse  Schafer,  Co.  G. 

George  W.  Clarke,  Co.  K, 

Missing,       John  Malone,  Co.  I  (afterwards  came  in). 

4 


5° 


FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT    VOLUNTEEBS. 


wreck  of  his  "goods."  This  was  called  "Raid  No.  i." 
The  only  person  wounded  was  Adj.  Brown,  who  was 
shot  in  the  back  with  a  ball  of  soft  butter.  This 
little  episode  was  not  without  its  lesson.  It  taught 
the  sutlers  to  understand  that  they  accompanied  the 
regiment  for  its  convenience  as  well  as  their  own. 


Surg.  H.  V.  C.  Hoicombe. 


CHAPTER  V. 


*'THE      BLACKBERRY      RAID      —PORTSMOUTH,     VA. SOUTH 

MILLS,    N.    C. EXECUTION    OF     THE    DESERTERS     WALES 

AND    VANDALL — -GUARD    AND     FATIGUE    DUTY     IN    AND 
ABOUT    NORFOLK,    VA. 

On  June  19th  the  regiment  was  inspected  by  Col. 
Upham,  and  ordered  to  break  camp  on  the  morrow. 
Accordingly,  the  next  day  at  noon,  the  8th  and  15th 
marched  to  Getty's  Station  and 
took  the  cars  for  Portsmouth,  Va. 
The  latter  point  was  reached  at 
sunset  —  both  commands  going- 
into  camp  about  five  miles  from 
the  city.  Tents  and  knapsacks 
were  ordered  left  here.  A  stop 
was  made  over  Sunday,  and  on 
Monday  the  regiment  etnbarked 
on  the  transport  Columbia,  for 
Yorktown,  Va.  The  river  at  this  place  afforded  the 
boys  a  great  treat,  and  though  a  stay  of  but  four 
days  was  made,  all  felt  improved.  On  the  26th,  reve- 
ille was  beaten  at  3  a.  m.,  and  the  regiment  again 
went  on  board  the  Columbia  bound  for  White  House 
Landing.  Troops  in  large  numbers  were  concentrat- 
ing at  that  point,  among  which  was  the  entire  divis- 
ion with  which  the  15th  was  connected.  It  was  there 
also  that  this  organization  was  transferred  by  order 
of  the  War  Department  from  the  9th  army  corps  to 
the  7th,  much  to  the  dissatisfaction  of  officers  and  men. 

A  stay  of  four  days  was  made  at  White  House 
Landing,  and  on  July  ist,  commenced  that  series  of 
forced  marches  which  tested  the  endurance  of  the 
Connecticut  lads  as  never  before.  The  column  was  put 
in  motion  at  7  a.  m.,  and  urged  forward  the  entire  day 


7TH   ARMY   CORl'S    BADGE. 


52  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEEES. 

with  barely  a  halt.     The  heat  was   excessive   and   the 
roads  dusty  beyond  description.     The  rebel  Col.  Pem- 
berton's    plantation    lay    some    distance    beyond    the 
village  of   Lanesville,  and  that  point  was  designated 
as  the  limit  of  the  first  day's  march.     King  William 
Court  House  was  near.     This  place  was  reached  and 
surprised  toward   evening.       A  scouting  party  from 
Co.  C*  found  a  couple  of  horses  hidden  by  the  Con- 
federates in  the  woods  and  very  considerately  gathered 
them   in.      Col.   Tolles'  orderly,   and   Major  Osborne, 
each  took  one  for  personal   use.     The  orders  of  the 
General  commanding  were  strict  concerning  foraging 
except  according  to  the  army  regulations.    Col.  Upham 
always  believed  a  squad  of  Company  C's  men  borrowed 
a  barrel  of  fish  from  a  spring  house  on  the  plantation 
which  they  never  returned.     Corporal  Griffin  of  that 
company  declares  this  opinion  of  his  commander  an 
aspersion  on  his  comrades,  avowing  as  his  belief  that 
if  such  an  occurrence  did  happen  and  restitution  was 
omitted,  it  was  because  the  boys  had  no  opportunity 
to  catch   fish  enough  to  make  good  the  loss.     Some 
other  shrinkages  in  mutton  and  fowls  were  complained 
of  by  the  farmers  near  by,  but  the  well-known  char- 
acter of  the  "  Nutmeg  State  "  boys  raised  them  above 
the  level  of  suspicion.     On   the  night  of  the   2d,  the 
bivouac  was   made  at  Brandy  vStation,  and  on  the  3d 
of  the  month  the  column  reached  Taylor's  Farms  late 
in   the   evening  and   went   into   camp.     The   weather 
was  excessively  hot  and  men  had  fallen  out  all  along 
the  line  of  march.     They  kept  coming  in  by  twos  and 
threes.     The  two  following  days  the  Connecticut  bri- 
gade was  held  in  reserve  while  the  main  force  went 
on  to  Hanover  vStation,  and  there  engaged  the  enemy. 
On  the  evening  of  the  5th  (Sunday),  three  days'  rations 
were   issued  and   the  brigade  ordered  to  get   under 
way,  which  it  did  at  7  o'clock,  marching  until  3  o'clock 
next  morning,  when  it  made  a  brief  halt  for  breakfast 

♦Griffin. 


DEFENSE    OF    THE   UNION. 


53 


at  a  place  called  Aylett's  vStation.  At  7  a.  m.,  it  was 
again  on  the  road,  and  marched  continuously  until  4 
p.  m.,  when  King'  William  Court  House  was  reached 
and  a  halt  ordered.  The  all  too  brief  night  for  the 
tired  boys  was  spent  there,  and  at  5  o'clock  next  morn- 
ing they  were  again  beat  up  and  put  in  motion  for 
White  House  Landing.  A  five  hour's  march  landed 
the  command  at  the  latter  place  about  noon.  It  was 
hoped  tliat  a  short  stay  would  be  made  there  to  "rest 
up  "  the  regiment.  There  had  been  seven  days  (and 
parts  of  nights)  of  almost  incessant  marching  over 
the  dustiest  of  roads  and  under  the  hottest  of  suns,  but 
great  moves  were  being  made  at  this  time  on  the 
chess-board  of  war  in  other  directions,  and  their 
energies  were  yet  to  be  taxed  more  severely  than 
ever. 

The  morning  of  the  8th  opened  with  rain,  but  by 
5  o'clock  the  boys  were  vmder  arms  and  on  the 
road  for  Yorktown.  About  twenty  miles  were  cov- 
ered when  night  came  on,  and  the  regiment  bivou- 
acked in  the  fields.  The  second  day's  march  was 
another  twenty-mile  stretch  and  brought  them  near 
Williamsburg  at  evening.  On  the  loth  Yorktown  was 
reached  after  a  hard  day's  work,  but  not  content  with 
that,  later  in  the  evening  the  command  was  pushed 
on  to  Bethel,  where  camp  was  pitched  and  twenty- 
four  hours'  rest  allowed  the  men.  On  the  12th  the 
march  was  resumed  for  Big  Bethel,  fifteen  miles  dis- 
tant, and  the  next  day  by  easy  stages  the  regiment 
reached  Hampton.  The  day  following  (July  13th) 
a  transport  was  taken  for  Portsmouth,  Va.,  to  the  old 
quarters,  where  their  tents  were  still  standing  and 
knapsacks  found  in  good  order. 

Thus  ended  fruitlessly  what  it  is  now  believed 
might  have  been  made  to  yield  one  of  the  grandest 
successes  of  the  war.  This  demonstration  on  the 
north  side  of  Richmond  was  correct  in  theory;  it  had 
the  backing  of  military  science,  the  necessary  force 


54  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

was  there,  but  the  leader  was  wanting.  Says  the  late 
Col.  Tolles,  in  a  paper  read  by  him  in  187 1  :  "There 
was  no  time  during-  the  war  when  a  bold  and  rapid 
dash  would  have  secured  us  a  victory,  as  on  that  occa- 
sion, and  none  where  it  was  so  foolishly  thrown  away. 
Nine  days  were  consumed  in  doing  what  should  have 
been  done  in  two." 

At  no  time  in  the  history  of  the  regiment  did  it 
present  such  an  unenviable  appearance  as  on  its 
return  from  that  great  expedition.  Clothing  was  in 
shreds,  arms  in  ill  condition,  equipments  worn  and 
damaged,  men  swarming  with  vermin;  and  failure 
written  all  over  the  enterprise,  made  this  once  proud 
command  hang  its  head  in  humiliation.  Nearly 
every  movement  of  an  arm}-  is  said  to  have  some 
compensation,  but  in  this  instance  there  was  not  a 
shadow  of  return,  unless  Sergt.  Beecher's  satisfaction 
be  adopted  as  such,  who  said  he  saw  a  mile-post 
inscribed  "six  miles  to  Richmond." 

But  a  soldier's  spirits  are  elastic,  and  with  the 
opportunity  of  rest,  together  with  the  issue  of  new 
clothing  and  wholesome  rations,  the  15th  recovered 
its  prestige,  and  the  "Blackberry  Raid  "  became  but 
a  theme  of  banter  and  ridicule. 

On  Sunday,  July  19,  the  regiment  was  ordered  on 
review,  its  first  public  appearance  since  its  arrival. 
Already  the  men  had  begun  the  erection  of  houses 
for  themselves,  and  the  camp  began  to  put  on  a 
permanent  look.  Much  ingenuity  was  shown  in  the 
manufacture  of  the  buildings,  particularly  the  offi- 
cers' quarters.  These,  though  contracted  in  area,  had 
all  the  comforts  of  home.  Many  brought  housekeep- 
ers in  the  persons  of  their  wives,  and  such  dwellings 
showed  that  adornment  and  taste  the  New  England 
woman  knows  so  well  how  to  exhibit. 

From  the  arrival  of  the  regiment  until  about  the 
middle  of  September,  a  period  of  two  months,  there 
was  little  of  note.     The  routine  of  guard  and  picket 


Surg.  Edward   0.  Cowles. 


DEFENSE   OF  THE   UNION.  55 

duty,*  an  occasional  review,  with  now  and  then  a  detail 
for  fatigue  duty  at  some  fort,  made  up  the  common 
round.  One  event,  however,  occurred  to  disturb  the 
serenity  of  the  camp,  which  was  the  unwarrantable 
killing  of  Corporal  Baker  of  Co.  F,  by  private  Dough- 
erty of  Co.  G.  Dougherty  was  under  the  influence  of 
liquor,  which  the  camp  sutler  was  furnishing  the 
men.  Corporal  Baker  was  under  orders  to  take  him 
to  the  guard  house,  and  while  in  the  discharge  of  his 
duty  was  shot  by  his  prisoner.  Dougherty  was  tried 
by  court-martial  the  following  October,  and  sentenced 


*  Headquarters,  Portsmouth,  Va., 

August  7,  i86;^. 
General  Orders,  1 
No.  13.  \ 

The  following  instructions  relative  to  Grand  Guards  are  published  for  the  guid- 
ance of  the  command,  and  will  be  strictly  obeyed : 

I.  The  three  principal  Grand  Guards  are  stationed  at  Bowers  Hill,  at  Deep 
Creek  and  at  the  crossing  of  the  Norfolk  and  Petersburg  K.  R.  with  the  road  from 
Deep  Creek  to  Bowers  Hill.  The  Grand  Guard  at  Bowers  Hill  will  consist  of  a  Sec- 
tion of  Artillery,  a  Squadron  of  Cavalry  at  least  150  men  strong,  and  of  one  company 
of  Infantry  at  least  80  men  strong,  and  will  picket  the  road  to  Suffolk  as  far  as  the 
poor-house,  and  the  Roanoke  and  Seaboard  R.  R.  as  far  as  the  9th  or  loth  mile  post. 

That  at  Deep  Creek  will  be  similarly  constituted  and  of  equal  strength,  and  will 
picket  the  Dismal  Swamp  Canal  for  at  least  10  miles. 

That  on  the  Norfolk  R.  R.  will  consist  of  a  Company  of  Cavalry  at  least  60  strong, 
and  will  picket  the  R.  R.  for  2  or  3  miles  in  the  direction  of  Suffolk. 

II.  The  Infantry  and  Artillery  on  Grand  Guard  will  be  relieved  every  24  hours 
at  8  o'clock  a.  m.  The  Cavalry  as  may  be  arranged  by  Col.  S.  P.  Spear,  Comd'g  Cav- 
alry. The  Chief  of  Artillery  will  detail  two  sections,  daily,  for  Grand  Guard  duty,  one 
for  Bowers  Hill,  the  other  for  Deep  Creek. 

III.  Each  Grand  Guard  will  be  commanded  by  the  Senior  Officer  of  all  arms  on 
duty  at  that  post,  who  will  be  held  responsible  that  the  orders  from  Dept.,  Corps  and 
Division  Headquarters  are  carried  out,  those  under  his  command  obey  the  orders  of 
the  General  Officer  of  the  Day,  and  of  General  Officers  who  may  visit  and  inspect  the 
guards.  He  will  see  that  constant  communication  is  kept  up  by  patrols  and  sentinels 
with  the  adjacent  Grand  Guard,  that  the  roads  in  advance  of  his  post  are  picketed  well 
out  and  the  country  thoroughly  scoured  by  patrols. 

IV.  The  attention  of  all  officers  who  may  be  called  uiion  to  perform  Guard  duty 
is  called  to  the  Instructions  for  Officers  on  Outposts  and  Patrol  duty,  published  by  the 
War  Department,  and  of  which  so  many  copies  have  been  distributed  that  it  should  be 
in  the  hands  of  every  Officer.  Hereafter,  Officers  on  Grand  Guard  and  picket  will  be 
held  to  a  strict  accountability,  and  no  e.vcuse  will  serve  for  ignorance  of  duty. 

By  Command  of 

BRIG.-GKN'L   GEO.  W.  GETTY. 

HAZARD  STEVENS, 

Capt.  Is'  A.  A.  G. 


56  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

to  imprisonment  for  life.  *  The  murder  of  Baker  had 
little  or  no  effect  to  restrain,  partictilarly  the  sale  of 
beer,  and  the  consequence  for  a  couple  of  weeks  or 
more  was  a  constantly  filled  guard  house  and  more  or 
less  demoralization  among"  the  men. 

Toward  the  first  of  September  rumors  were  prev- 
alent concerning  a  change  of  base,  and  as  if  in  con- 
firmation, a  regiment  in  the  vicinity  would  now  and 
then  be  suddenl}'  detailed  for  special  service.  On  the 
2oth  of  the  month  Col.  Upham  received  orders  to  de- 
tach Companies  D,  I,  E,  H,  K,  under  command  of 
Lieut.-Col.  Tolles,  and  proceed  to  South  Mills,  N.  C, 
with  instructions  to  guard  the  canal.  The  battalion 
got  under  way  at  4  p.  m.,  and,  marching  about  eight 
miles,  bivouacked  for  the  night.  The  next  morning 
they  were  under  arms  again  at  4  o'clock,  and  at  i  p.  m. 
reached  their  destination.  Guard  lines  were  set  and 
all  precautions  taken  befitting  the  occupation  of  a 
new  place.  On  the  23d,  Col.  Tolles  with  a  scouting 
party  of  cavalry  captured  a  blockade  runner  alleged 
to  have  had  $15,000  in  his  possession.!  The  time  was 
occupied  between  guard,  picket  and  fatigue  duty,  and 
but  little  occurred  to  vary  the  monotony  for  some 
weeks. 

On  Oct.  nth,  the  five  companies  of  the  15th  which 
had  remained  at  Portsmouth,  together  with  the  bal- 
ance of  the  8th  Conn.,  were  ordered  to  join  the 
force  at  South  Mills  without  dela}^  This  detachment 
left  camp  at  2.30  p.  m.  on  the  12th,  and  made  the  dis- 
tance in  six  hours  and  a  half,];  a  feat  in  marching 
which  seems  incredible.  On  the  next  day  other 
forces  arrived,  among  them  the  nth  Penn.  cav- 
alry. Col.  Upham  dismounted  enough  of  the  lat- 
ter to  remount  their  horses  with  two  companies 
of    the    8th    Conn.,  armed    with  Sharp's  rifles.      He 

*  Afterwards  pardoned  by  President  Johnson. 
+  G.  W.  Smith  of  K. 
:|:  Uphara's  Diary. 


DEFENSE   OF    THE   UNION.  57 

had  now  a  force  of  500  cavalry  and  mounted  infantry, 
together  with  a  battalion  on  foot  of  about  300  mus- 
kets. Altog-ether  his  command  numbered  nearly  a 
thousand,  all  in  light  marching  order.  The  force  got 
under  way  at  3  o'clock  on  the  afternoon  of  the  13th, 
and  camped  for  the  night  at  a  place  called  "The 
Turnpike  Gate."  At  daylight  the  next  morning  the 
cavalry  was  pushed  rapidly  forward  toward  Parkville 
with  the  intention  of  capturing  a  guerrilla  nest  at  that 
place.  The  surprise  was  only  partial.  The  enemy 
made  no  resistance,  but  took  to  their  heels  and  the 
swamp.  One  officer  and  four  men  were  captured,  also 
three  horses,  several  stands  of  arms,  a  small  quantity 
of  commissary  stores,  a  few  rounds  of  old  artillery 
ammunition,  and  some  unimportant  equipage.  The 
camp  was  destroyed  and  the  detachment  returned  to 
South  Mills,  and  the  day  following  reached  their  old 
quarters  at  Portsmouth. 

The  original  detail  of  five  companies  remained  at 
South  Mills  a  week  longer  when  orders  were  received 
to  evacuate  the  place.  Accordingly,  on  the  2 2d,  camp 
was  broken  and  the  column  headed  for  Portsmouth, 
which  it  reached  that  evening.  The  same  night 
orders  were  issued  for  the  8th  and  five  companies  of 
the  15th  to  repair  to  the  Fair  Grounds  at  Norfolk  to 
attend  the  execution  of  Dr.  Wright.  He  was  hung 
the  succeeding  day  and  the  two  regiments  returned 
to  camp  early  on  the  following  morning. 

November  9th  witnessed  the  shooting  of  the  two 
deserters  from  the  8th  Conn.,  Wales  and  Vandall. 
The  15th  Conn,  furnished  twenty  men  as  the  firing 
detail,  under  command  of  Lieut.  Bowns  of  C.  The 
entire  brigade  was  under  arms  to  witness  the  exe- 
cution. On  the  13th,  an  alarm  was  spread  that 
the  rebels  were  expected  in  along  the  line  of  the 
Norfolk  and  Suffolk  Railroad,  and  a  detail  of  180  men 
from  the  8th  and  15th  was  sent  out  on  picket  twelve 
miles  in  that  direction.     Nothing  came  of  the  report 


58  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

and  the  force  after  a  sufficient  time  was  recalled.  The 
succeeding  two  months  had  little  of  importance  his- 
torically. The  time  was  divided  between  guard  duty 
and  work  upon  the  defenses  of  Norfolk.  The  boys 
became  such  experts  in  the  use  of  the  axe  and  the 
shovel  on  the  latter  as  to  feel  able  to  intrench  them- 
selves in  any  and  all  conditions. 

Toward  the  close  of  November,  Chap.  Miller  found 
himself  in  such  ill  health  as  to  compel  his  return 
North.  He  was  parted  with  with  the  utmost  reluc- 
tance. Genial,  great-hearted,  sympathetic  as  a  woman, 
and  watchful  of  the  host  under  him,  he  was  kindly 
regarded  by  officers  and  men  whether  engaged  in  his 
specific  spiritual  duties  or  proclaiming  from  the  door 
of  his  tent,  "  Come  up  and  get  your  mail."  Through 
his  efforts  on  Arlington  Heights  a  "regimental 
church  "*  was  formed  with  a  large  membership,  an 
organization  which  flourished  hopefully  down  to  the 
sad  day  at  Kinston,  1865,  when  the  regiment  was 
practicall}^  broken  up.  On  his  retirement  he  issued 
the  following  circular  letter: 

FAREWELL    WORDS. 

TO    THE    OFFICERS    AND  SOLDIERS  OF    THE    I5TH  REGIMENT  CONN.    VOLS.: 

You  have,  at  least  many  of  you,  been  acquainted  with  the 
fact  that  for  a  few  months  past  I  have  been  seriously  contempla- 
ting the  propriety  of  resigning  my  commission  as  your  chaplain, 
your  spiritual  guide  and  counsellor.  It  is  my  duty  to-day,  and  a 
painful  duty  it  is,  to  thus  officially  inform  you  that  considerations, 
not  to  be  slighted,  have  led  me  to  resign  and  urge  to  the  utter- 
ance of  these  farewell  words. 

We  have  been  together  in  joy  and  sorrow,  in  the  quiet  of  the 
camp  and  the  exposure  of  the  field;  our  hearts  are  welded  in  affec- 
tionate sympathies  and  interests,  b)'  mutual  action  in  scenes  of 
sickness,  suffering  and  death,  such  as  are  alone  presented  in  tlie 
army.     Together,  ever  since  the  regiment  was  recruited,  have  we 

*  This  church  was  established  at  Camp  Chase  in  1862.  Its  membership  reached 
nearly  three  hundred,  all  members  of  New  England  churches.  There  were  many  con- 
versions in  the  regiment.  The  Lord's  Supper  was  celebrated  on  one  occasion  at  Suf- 
f(>ll<,  \'a.,  Iiy  a  company  completely  filling  a  large  church  there. 


DEFENSE    OF   THE   UNION. 


59 


toiled,  and  planned,  and  prayed  that  God  would  bless  us  in  our 
endeavors  to  perpetuate  the  glory  of  our  beloved  land;  together, 
over  successes  have  we  rejoiced,  and  when  thousands  of  brave 
hearts  have  fallen,  crushed  and  bleeding  under  the  maddened 
passions  of  rebellion,  we  have  mingled  our  tears  and  sympathies 
for  the  bereaved  and  stricken  at  home. 

It  cannot  be  otherwise  than  that  we  find  ourselves  friends 
indeed.  To  me,  then,  especially  is  the  present  moment  one  of 
peculiar  interest,  and  as  painful  as  it  is  peculiar.  I  am  to  leave 
you  in  the  field  of  da?iger, — of  strife,  while  I  go  to  pursue  my 
calling  as  a  preacher  of  the  Gospel,  amongst  strangers,  and  dis- 
tant from  the  scenes  of  war.  Since  I  came  among  you,  my  only 
aim  and  purpose  has  been  to  do  you  good;  caring  for  your  bodies 
as  well  as  your  souls,  aiming  to  make  your  life  in  the  army  as 
pleasant  as  possible,  in  planning  and  countenancing  innocent  pas- 
times that  thus  we  might  drive  away  "  dull  care"  and  as  vigorous, 
happy  and  confident  men,  when  called  to  duty,  go  forth  assured 
of  triumph  and  as  "  terrible  as  an  army  with  banners." 

In  much  I  may  have  failed  to  meet  your  expectation,  yet  I  am 
confident  you  will  ever  esteem  me  as  a  man  whose  heart  was  in 
the  "  right  place"  and  whose  sympathies  were  ever  enlisted  when 
needed  and  known  for  all  without  hesitation.  On  this  matter  I 
forbear  to  say  more,  the  history  of  my  labors  is  with  the  regiment 
at  large,  it  is  especially  with  some,  whose  hearts  I  have  sought  to 
comfort  and  to  cheer  in  the  day  of  adversity,  and  with  others 
whom,  I  fondly  trust,  I  have  led  to  the  service  of  the  blessed 
Redeemer.  "My  record  is  on  high."  Never  has  a  day  passed 
but  in  my  devotions  before  God  have  I  plead  for  you,  that  you 
might  be  kept  from  sin  and  restraining  grace  abound  amongst 
you. 

In  leaving  you,  I  have  only  to  reiterate  the  lessons  I  have  so 
frequently  inculcated.  If  you  would  maintain  the  reputation  of 
the  regiment,  be  careful  and  cherish  those  elements  of  character 
which  dignify  manhood  and  make  good  .soldiers,  cherish  the  spirit 
of  obedience,  of  personal  pride  and  patriotism.  Cherish  the  Bible 
and  its  blessed  precepts  and  practice  the  same  in  your  lives,  then 
shall  you  be  controlled  in  tongue,  tempef-  and  temperance.  Allow 
me  a  single  suggestion,  perhaps  I  ought  to  style  it  a  recommenda- 
tion—whenever you  can,  go  to  divine  service.  Keep  alive  the 
sweet  recollections  and  influences  of  home  in  this  particular.  It  is 
frequently  said  "  there  is  no  Sabbath  in  the  army."  Base  declara- 
tion !  I  verily  believe  but  few,  if  any,  utter  it,  save  those  who 
live  regardless  of  God's  law  and  the  Gospel  of  his  son  Jesus  Christ. 
It  is  true,  however,  that  our  Sabbath  privileges  are  frequently 
encroached  upon  by  -'general  orders"  for  reviews,  but  I  cannot 


6o  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEEIiS. 

believe  our  commanding  Generals  have  ever  mtentionally  dese- 
crated the  Sabbath  by  issuing  "orders."  in  conflict  with  the  Sab- 
bath Proclamation  of  the  President, — in  conflict  with  th.e  command 
of  God,  "  Remember  the  Sabbath  Day  to  keep  it  holy." 

If  such  orders  do  come,  if  your  Sabbaths  are  thus  to  be  dis- 
turbed, give  as  best  you  can  the  whole  weight  of  your  influence 
for  the  maintenance  of  religious  worship  in  the  regiment  by  a 
regular  and  devout  attendance.  This  will  do  you  good  and  cheer 
the  heart  of  your  chaplain.  (I  sincerely  desire  you  may  speedily 
have  another.) 

Farewell  for  awhile — I  shall  yet  hope  to  greet  you  on  your 
return  home — I  shall  hope  to  join  with  you  in  the  song  of  victory, 
of  triumph  over  rebellion  and  the  rebellious.  May  God  preserve 
your  lives  that  when  you  shall  come  forth  from  the  clouds  and 
darkness  of  war  and  its  attendants,  it  shall  be  to  dwell  in  the  sun- 
light of  a  Union  restored; — a  Union  cemented  as  it  will  be  by  the 
blood  of  patriots,  to  become  at  once  the  envy  and  the  pride  of 
every  civilized  nation. 

If  in  coming  conflicts  any  of  you  shall  fall  defending  the 
majesty  of  Law  and  Order,  you  will  not  be  forgotten.  In  the 
precious  memories  of  the  household,  of  the  State,  of  the  Nation, 
your  names  shall  ever  be  fragrant  and  your  deeds  of  valor  form, 
with  the  deeds  of  other  heroes,  a  garland  to  hang  about  the  neck 
of  the  Republic  in  her  rejuvenated  grandeur,  the  joy  of  future 
generations,  the  hope  and  shelter  of  the  oppressed  of  all  climes. 
I  know  you  will  be  true  to  the  country  in  the  present  contest,  and, 
as  in  the  past,  honor  the  name  of  Connecticut,  the  State  you 
represent.     It  has  been  well  expressed — 

"  When  traitors  rent  the  nag  of  Stars, 
And  raised  aloft  the  stripes  and  bars, 
Her  patriot  sons  with  valor  rose  ; 
And  treason  trembled  at  her  blows. 
On  every  sanguinary  field 
Her  sons  have  bled  on  sword  and  shield, 
Hasting  to  battle  like  the  guests 
Of  kings  to  coronation  feasts. 
History  with  .tjolden  words  shall  tell 
The  future,  where  our  heroes  fell, 
And  flowers  in  Blue,  and  White  and  Red, 
Shall  blossom  where  their  blood  was  shed." 

Prove  yourselves  good  soldiers; — Soldiers  also  of  our  Lord  and 
Saviour  Jesus  Christ,  then  will  you  rejoice  through  the  blessed- 
ness of  that  spirit,  in  which  fear  and  sorrow  and  suffering  and 
death  itself,  are  swallowed  up  and  lost  like  bubbles  on  some  calm, 
deep  stream. 


Chaplain    D.  Henry   Miller. 


DEFENSE    OF    THE   UNION.  6i 

I  thank  you  all  for  the  many  tokens  of  kindness  you  have 
shown  me;  for  \o\xv  forbearance,  your  encouragement  and  the 
late  tangible  evidences  of  your  personal  esteem.  I  must  not  fail 
here  to  acknowledge  the  valuable  and  unexpected  presentation 
made  me  by  the  officers  whose  friendship  and  confidence  I  am 
happ}'  to  believe  I  have  ever  shared. 

Whilst  my  heart  shall  continue  its  pulsations  I  shall  hold  you 
and  those  in  your  command  in  grateful  remembrance.  I  will 
follow  all  by  my  prayers  and  best  wishes  daily;  and  when  the 
battle  of  life  is  fought,  may  you  and  I.  as  victors  through  the 
abounding  grace  of  God,  enter  upon  eternal  peace,  personal  par- 
ticipants in  the  jubilee  of  the  redeemed  over  sorrow,  sin  and 
death. 

FAREWELL. 

"  May  the  Lord  bless  you;  the  Lord  make  his  face 
to  shine  upon  you  and  be  gracious  unto 
you;  the  Lord  lift  up  his  counte- 
nance  upon   you   and 
give  you  peace." 

D.   HENRY  MILLER, 
Late  Chaplain  loth  Coidi.    Vols. 

Headquarters  15th  Regt.  Conn.  Vols.,  Nov.  29,  1S63. 

Some  complaint  having-  been  made  that  the 
rations  were  deficient  in  quality  and  quantity,  Lt.  Col. 
Tolles  ordered  an  investigation,  with  the    following 

result  : 

Camp  of  15th  Conn.  Vols., 
Near  Portsmouth,  Va. 
November  19,  1863. 

Sir — In  accordance  with  orders  received  from  your  Headquar- 
ters, I  have  the  honor  to  submit  the  follo^^-ing  report  of  the  quality 
and  quantity  of  rations  issued  to  the  men  of  the  15th  C.  V. 

(The  Officers  of  Co.  ("A")  report  the  quality  of  all  rations 
good,  with  the  exception  of  Salt  Beef  and  Pork.  These  are  often 
very  poor.  As  a  general  thing  the  men  do  not  complain  of  the 
quantity. 

The  Officers  of  "Co.  F"  report  that  the  Salt  Pork  drawn  for 
the  men  of  that  Camp  is  rtisty  and  very  poor,  not  one-half  being 
good.  Fresh  Beef  and  Coffee  very  good;  sugar  good.  Candles 
good,  but  the  men  are  not  able  to  di-aw  enough.  Potatoes  very 
good.  Other  rations  very  good,  with  the  exception  of  Rice,  which 
is  wormv. 


62  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

The  Officers  of  "  Co.  I)  "  report  that  the  full  allowance  of 
rations  is  drawn,  and  with  a  few  exceptions,  the  quality  is  good. 

The  Officers  of  "  Co.  I  "'  report  that  the  quality  of  the  Fresh 
Beef  drawn  is  generally  good,  the  quantity  insufficient,  owing  to 
the  fact  that  the  Commissary,  instead  of  using  Scales,  guesses  at 
the  weight.  Salt  meat,  quantity  insufficient,  quality  very  poor. 
Pork,  quality  good,  quantity  scant.  Potatoes  and  onions  are 
drawn  once  in  ten  (lo)  days.  Coffee  and  Sugar,  quantity  barely 
sufficient,  quality  good.  Other  rations  as  good  as  can  be  wished. 
Soft  Bread  is  drawn  every  day,  and  issued  at  the  rate  of  one  (i) 
loaf  to  a  man.  Loafs  small  and  barely  sufficient,  quality  good. 
Each  man  has  one-third  (",)  of  a  candle  for  tive  (5)  days. 

The  Officers  of  "  Co.  C  "  report  the  rations  of  Coffee,  Sugar, 
Salt  meat  and  Pork  and  Fresh  meat,  short.  No  Molasses  or  Rice 
is  drawn  in  this  Camp. 

The  Officers  of  "  Co.  H  "  report  that  twenty-two  (22)  pounds  of 
Sugar  and  eleven  and  one-half  (11^)  pounds  of  Coffee  are  drawn 
once  in  three  days  for  fift3'-three  (53)  men.  The  Pork  issued  to 
this  Camp  is  very  poor.  Much  of  the  Salt  Beef  has  been  unfit  for 
use.     Vinegar,  very  poor.     Rations  of  S.  Beef  and  Sugar,  short. 

The  Officers  of  "  Company  E  "  rejiort  Fresh  Beef  fair,  both  as 
to  quality  and  quantit}'.  Salt  Beef  and  Pork,  quality  and  quantity 
poor  and  insufficient,  the  latter  not  being  fit  for  cooking  purposes. 
Vegetables,  quality  and  quantity  good.  Rice  and  Dried  apples  are 
never  issued.  Sugar  is  issued  at  the  rate  of  a  tablespoonful  to  a 
man  daily.  Bread  is  issued  according  to  the  prescribed  amount. 
Molasses  seldom  issued.  A  greater  variety  in  the  issues  would  be 
better  for  the  Camp. 

The  Officers  of  "  Co.  K  "  report  the  issue  of  Fresh  Beef  is  gen- 
erally short  from  three  (3)  to  seven  (7)  pounds.  Rations  of  S.  Beef 
and  Pork  full,  the  latter  of  very  poor  quality.  Bread,  good.  Pre- 
vious to  the  last  thirty  (30)  days  no  vegetables  could  be  obtained. 
Potatoes  and  onions  are  now  issued  at  the  rate  of  two-thirds  (%) 
of  a  barrel  to  fifty-two  (52)  men,  every  ten  (10)  days.  Coffee  and 
Sugar  are  invariably  short,  the  latter,  in  one  instance,  falling- 
short  fifteen  (15)  pounds  in  ten  (10)  days,  and  in  every  drawing 
from  two  (2)  to  three  (3)  pounds. 

The  ( )fficers  of  "  Co.  (j  "  report  of  Salt  Beef,  enough  is  drawn. 
Fresh  Beef  is  drawn  once  in  four  (4)  days,  hardly  enough  for  one 
meal  for  each  man.  Salt  Pork,  only  enough  for  cooking  purposes. 
Potatoes,  three-cjuarters  (^)  of  a  barrel  once  in  ten  (10)  days,  for 
forty  (40)  men.  Sugar,  insufficient.  The  Salt  Beef  stinks,  and 
one-third  is  unfit  for  use.  Fresh  beef,  generally  good.  Salt  Pork, 
very  lean  and  too  salt  to  use  alone.     Potatoes  often  one-third  (^) 


DEFENSE   OF    THE   VNION.  63 

rotten.  Sugar,  sometimes  very  poor.  Other  rations  generally 
good. 

The  Officers  of  "  Co.  B  "  report  quality  of  vSalt  Beef  and  Pork 
poor,  for  the  last  few  days  unusually  so.  Of  other  rations  the 
quality  is  generally  good,  quantity  insufficient. 

By  comparing  the  reports  of  the  different  Co.  Officers,  I  find 
that  the  rations  of  Salt  Pork  are  poor,  and  in  many  cases  insuffi- 
cient. The  rations  of  Salt  Beef  are  also  often  very  poor.  Of  Fresh 
Beef,  the  ration  is  often  insufficient;  of  sugar,  always  insufficient. 

Very  Respectfully, 

H.  V.  C.  HOLCOMBE, 

Surgeoti  ijt/i  C.    V. 
To  LIEUT. -COL.  SAM"L  TOLLES, 

Commanding  ijth  C.    V. 


CHAPTER    VI. 

DEPARTURE      FRO.M       PORTSMOUTH,      VA. PLYMOUTH NEW 

BERNE,    N.    C. bachelor's     CREEK LITTLE    WASHING- 
TON  ARRIVAL     OF     CHAPLAIN     JOHN     B.    DOOLITTLE 

PROVOST    GUARD    DUTY EXECUTION    OF    DESERTERS. 

New  Year's  clay,  1864,  was  observed  by  the  regi- 
ment in  the  customary  garrison  manner,  with  wheel- 
barrow and  sack  races,  greased  poles,  greased  pigs, 
etc.,  etc.  On  the  6th  of  January  the  first  snow  fell, 
and  on  the  8th  a  "donation  "  likewise  fell.  The  lat- 
ter was  much  the  more  appreciated.  It  consisted  of 
something  over  a  hundred  barrels,  boxes,  etc.,  of 
fruit,  vegetables  and  sundries,  gathered  in  New 
Haven  as  the  city's  New  Year  gift  to  the  boys.  This 
great  thanksgiving  feast  also  emphasized  an  import- 
ant event.  It  chanced  to  mark  the  close  of  the  six 
months'  tarry  of  the  regiment  at  Portsmouth,  for 
scarcely  were  the  good  things  digested  ere  a  warning 
came  (January  i6th)  to  be  ready  to  break  camp  at  a 
moment's  notice.  The  final  order  was  delayed  until 
the  20th,*  and  the  next  day  saw  the  fat  and  sleek  look- 
ing command,  with  four  companies  of  the  i6th  Conn., 
winding  its  way  to  the  wharf,  and  thence  on 
board  the  steamer  Spaulding,  bound  for  Morehead 
City,  N.  C.  The  boat  left  her  wharf  at  11  o'clock  that 
evening.  The  next  day  was  marvelous  for  stillness 
in  which  to  pass  Cape  Hatteras;  but  notwithstanding 
this,  many  will  recall  with  anguish  that  it  only 
brought  bitterness  to  them.  No  beauty  of  sea  or  sky 
could  be  discerned,  seen  through  the  wretched  spec- 
tacles of  seasickness. 

*  By  some  unaccountable  means,  the  "  quarters  "  of  the  men  and   officers  caught 
fire  the  day  the  regiment  moved  and  were  entirely  consumed.     "  No  insurance  ! " 


Capt.  Reuben  Waterman. 


DEFENSE   01    THE   UNION.  65 

The  Spaulding  swung  into  Morehead  City  on  the 
morning  of  the  23d,  and  the  regiment  gladly  trans- 
ferred itself  to   solid   ground.     Later   in   the   day  it 
took  the  cars  for  New  Berne,  reaching  that  city  about 
7   p    m  ,   and    still    later   the  same    evening  went  on 
board  the  transport  Collyer,  bound  for  Plymouth,  N. 
C  ,  to  relieve  the  loist  and  i02d  Penn.  and  85th  N.  Y. 
'  A  landing  was  made  at  the  latter  place  the  next 
day,  and  camp  established  a  half  mile  or  more  in  the 
rear  of  the  city.     The  regiment  was  there  for  busi- 
ness, and   on  the    26th,    Co.'s   A,   E,  K,  under  Major 
Osborne,   together   with    a   detachment   of   the    i6th 
Conn   and  85th  N.  Y.  (the  force  amounting  to  about 
coo  in  all    under  command  of  Col.  Manwell,  of  the 
loist  Penn.),  were  ordered  up  the  Chowan  river  to 
destroy  Confederate    supplies  at  Colerain,  N.  C.    The 
expedition  got  away  on  two  boats  so  soon  as  the  dark- 
ness  would   permit,   and   going   up   the   river  about 
twenty  miles,  made  a  landing.     Extreme  caution  was 
now  observed,  as  it  was  a  bright  moonlight  night  and 
they   were   in    the    heart    of    the    enemy's   country. 
Skirmishers  were  thrown  out  and  a  rapid  march  ot 
near  twelve  miles  was  made  into  the  interior      The 
rebel    post    was    surprised   a    little    after   midnight, 
though   not    completely  enough  to  bag  the  mmates 
There  was  little  or  no  resistance  offered,  as  the  guard 
took    to   their   heels,    and    the    capture  of  the  stores 
included  everything.     About  200,000  pounds  of  pork, 
hams    salt,  and  other  supplies  too  bulky  to  remove, 
were 'destroyed.     The  horses   and  mules    with  some 
cotton,  were  brought  away.     The  object  of  the  expe- 
dition being  accomplished,  retreat  was  m  order.     A 
circuitous  detour  was  taken  to  reach  the  boats      Just 
before  gaining  the  landing,  or  when  withm  two  or 
three  miles  of  it,  a  plantation  was  found   011  which 
ff::;!at  of  coitonwere  discovered.     A  detail  was 
left  to  bring  this  along,  while  the  mam  body  kep    on 
to  the  river     By  this  time  the  routed  rebels,  who  had 


66  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEEBS. 

gathered  forces  enough  to  pursue,  came  up  with  this 
detail  and  attacked  it.  The  firing  attracting  the 
attention  of  Major  Osborne,  Lieut.  Linsley  of  K, 
was  sent  back  to  cover  the  retreat,  which  was 
effected,  but  with  the  wounding  of  one  man  (in  85th 
N.  Y.).  With  the  exception  of  some  hives  of  honey, 
which  the  bees  made  too  hot  for  the  boys  to  take 
away,  all  the  spoils  were  safely  brought  off,  even 
to  the  two  hams  which  Doolittle  of  Co.  K,  stuck  to 
persistently  all  through  that  hot  twenty  mile 
march.  The  tired  command  dropped  down  the  river 
that  night  and  were  at  their  camp  at  Plymouth  next 
morning. 

A  second  expedition  under  command  of  Lieut. 
Col.  Tolles,  was  immediately  set  in  motion.  Fortu- 
nately the  original  draft  of  the  Colonel's  report  has 
been  preserved,  which  furnishes  the  best   histor}-  of 

the  raid. 

Headquarters  15TH  Rect.  Conn.  Vol.  Infantry, 

Plymouth,  N.  C  ,  January  31,  1S64. 
Captain  : 

I  have  the  honor  to  report  that,  in  obedience  to  orders  from 
your  Headquarters,  I  proceeded  on  the  night  of  the  29th  inst.,  on 
board  the  steamer  Massasoit  with  my  command,  consisting  of 
detachments  from  the  103d  and  loist  Penn.,  85th  N.  Y.,  i6th  and 
15th  Conn.  Vol.  Infantry,  with  some  50  sailors  and  marines  with  a 
field  piece,  under  the  command  of  Lt.  Comg.  Flusher,  amounting 
in  all  to  some  400  men.  After  reaching  Cedar  Landing,  we  dis- 
embarked and  proceeded  overland  to  the  town  of  Windsor,  in 
Bertie  county,  N.  C,  reaching  the  camp  of  the  Rebel  forces  at  a 
little  after  sunrise  the  next  morning;  about  three-quarters  of  a 
mile  this  side  of  the  camp  I  divided  my  force.  The  detachment 
of  the  103d,  loist  Penn.  and  Ssth  N.  Y.,  under  the  command  of 
Major  Crandell,  I  ordered  around  and  across  the  fields  to  occupy 
the  Indian  woods  and  Woodville  roads  at  Winston  Gate,  while 
with  the  detachments  of  the  15th  and  i6th  Conn.  Vols,  and  Lieut. 
Comg.  Flusher's  command,  I  proceeded  to  make  an  attack  in 
front.  On  reaching  the  camp,  I  found  that  the  entire  force  had 
just  left,  leaving  nearly  all  of  their  camp  equipage.  I  then 
moved  on  towards  Winston  Gate.  On  arriving  at  that  point, 
Capt.  Hoggard  came  up  with  his  command.  He  informed  me 
that  he  had  not  been  able  to  destroy  the  bridge  over  the   Cushie 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION. 


67 


river,  the  enemy  pouring  a  continual  fire  on  his  men.  I  then 
ordered  Major  Crandell,  Capt.  Hoggard  and  Lt.  Comg.  Flusher, 
with  their  commands,  to  picket  and  hold  the  main  and  by-roads, 
and  to  secure  the  property  of  the  Rebel  camp;  while  with  my 
command  I  proceeded  to  the  bridge,  skirmishing  the  road  some 
half  a  mile  each  side  on  my  way.  The  bridge  I  found  to  be  a 
massive  structure,  and  not  having  tools  to  work  with,  I  could  not 
destroy  it  as  effectually  as  I  would  like  to  have  done.  I.  however, 
covered  it  some  three  feet  deep  with  dry  rails,  and  fired  it. 
During  the  operation  we  were  continually  fired  on  in  ambush, 
which  fire  we  returned.  Having  accomplished  what  I  could  here, 
I  retired  towards  the  village,  where  I  found  that  Capt.  Johnson's 
company,  with  some  of  Major  Crandell's  command,  assisted  by 
Lieut.  Beagle.  A.  D.  C  ,  had  been  active  in  searching  the  village. 
They  found,  however,  but  very  little  in  the  way  of  government 
stores,  only  destroying  one  barrel  of  pork  and  a  small  quantity  of 
salt. 

The  object  of  the  expedition  being,  as  far  as  we  had  been  able, 
accomplished,  I  retired,  reaching  Cedar  Landing  one  hour  before 
sunset,  and  Plymouth  at  8  p.  m. 

In  closing  my  report,  I  should  be  doing  injustice  to  Major 
Crandell  of  the  Ssth  N.  Y.,  Lt.  Comg.  Flusher,  Lt.  Beagle, 
A.  D.  C,  and  other  officers,  did  I  not  make  mention  of  the  zeal- 
ous manner  in  which  they  co-operated  with  me  during  the  expe- 
dition. 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  Capt.  Hoggard's  report,  showing 
the  manner  in  which  he  arrived  near  the  town: 

Plymouth,  N.  C,  January  31,  1S64. 

According  to  orders,  I  proceeded  on  the  Bombshell  up  the 
river  (Cushie),  and  landed  at  Joseph  Cooper's,  and  then  took  a 
land  tack  for  ten  miles,  crossing  the  Coshaki  road  and  Webb's 
ferry  road,  thence  down  and  around  to  the  Win  ton  road  at  the 
Cushie  Bridge,  arriving  there  after  day.  I  remained  there  till  the 
forces  arrived  at  Windsor,  when  I  then  proceeded  to  Windsor  and 
joined  the  main  forces,  capturing  one  negro  man. 

[Signed],  Capt.  CALVIN  HOGGARD, 

Co.  E,  2nd  N.  C.  Vols. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  articles  captured,  viz. :  2  cases  of 
muskets  of  different  make  and  calibre;  3  kegs  of  powder;  i  box 
of  cartridges;  1  box  containing  assorted  clothing  and  equipments; 
I  bass  drum  and  a  part  set  of  musical  instruments;  i  set  of  camp 
and   garrison  equipage;  old  clothing,  blankets,   cartridge  boxes. 


68  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

etc.,  mostly  worthless;  7  mules,  S  horses,  3  saddles,  and  2  small 
wagons  which  were  burnt. 

Very  respectfully  your  obedient  servant, 

SAMUEL  TOLLES 
Lt.  Col.  15th  C.  v.,  Comg.  Expedition. 
To  Andrew  Stewart, 

Capt.  and  Asst.  Adj.  Gen. 

Sub-District  of  the  All^emarle. 

The  stay  at  Plymouth  was  brief.  On  February  3d 
the  regiment  again  embarked  on  the  Collyer.  Many 
will  remember  the  sand  bars  on  which  the  boat 
struck  and  the  long,  tedious  hours  spent  in  waiting  to 
get  off.  In  point  of  fact  the  15th  did  not  enter  New 
Berne  until  the    third   day  after  leaving    Plymouth. 

How  little  it  knew  what  awaited,  as  it  filed  into 
that  ancient  town.  An  enemy  more  secret,  more 
insidious,  more  deadly  than  ever  lay  in  a  rifle  pit  or 
lurked  behind  a  breastwork,  crouched  in  that  city 
waiting  its  time  to  spring  on  its  victims. 

The  regiment  was  stationed  in  barracks  on  the 
plain  not  far  from  the  Neuse  river.  Hardly  had  it 
adapted  itself  to  its  new  quarters  before  a  detail  was 
sent  to  Fortress  Monroe  with  a  batch  of  prisoners, 
and  on  the  17th  the  right  wing  (Companies  A 

)  under  command  of  Maj.  Osborne,  was 
ordered  to  Bachelor's  Creek,  an  outpost  eight  miles 
north.  The  latter  force  took  the  cars  early  in  the 
morning  and  reached  its  destination  about  noon. 
Thence  it  marched  four  or  five  miles  to  a  place 
called  "Red  House,"  and  went  into  camp.  Maj. 
Osborne's  instructions  were  to  reinforce  the  picket 
line  at  this  point  then  on  the  outermost  defenses 
of  New  Berne.  Guerrillas  and  bush-whackers  in 
spite  of  our  cavalry  patrols,  now  and  then  exchanged 
shots  with  our  men  and  added  interest  to  the  duty. 
On  the  night  of  the  24th  particularly,  a  dash  was  made 
on  our  lines,  but  with  no  success.  Reconnoissances 
were  frequent    into  rebel  territory,  and  though  they 


Capt.  Minott  A.  Butricks. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION.  69 

resulted  in  little  or  nothing,  still  served  to  keep  the 
boys  vigilant  and  in  training.  Some  will  remem- 
ber the  great  fire  in  the  woods  near  the  creek. 

The  battalion  performed  duty  at  this  post  until 
March  30th,  when  it  was  ordered  to  return  to  New 
Berne,  and  the  same  night  rejoined  its  comrades  at 
their  quarters. 

During  the  absence  of  the  right  wing,  as  above 
noted,  the  remainder  of  the  regiment  had  not 
been  idle.  Between  guard  duty  in  the  city  and 
fatigue  parties  at  the  new  earthworks  near  the  river, 
nobody  had  grown  rusty.  Toward  the  last  of  March 
permits  were  issued  for  a  portion  of  the  15th  (130 
members  in  all)  to  go  home  to  Connecticut  to  vote.  The 
seeming  favoritism  which  allowed  some  this  conces- 
sion and  denied  it  to  others,  provoked  much  bitter 
language.  It  was  useless  however  to  "kick"  and  the 
boy*s  saw  their  fortunate  comrades  depart  for  New 
England  on  the  31st  of  the  month  on  a  twenty  days- 
furlough.  . 

The  next  event  of  special  interest  was  the  attair 
at  Little  Washington,  N.  C.  Orders  were  issued  on 
the  afternoon  of  April  i8th  to  go  at  once  to  the  relief 
of  the  latter  place.  The  15th  embarked  on  the 
steamer  Patuxent,  and  the  17th  Mass.  (acting  m 
conjunction)  on  The  Pilot  Boy.  Both  boats  got 
away  late  in  the  evening,  reaching  Little  Washington 
at  noon  next  day.  While  landing,  heavy  firing^was 
heard  at  Plymouth,  twenty  miles  distant  Gen.  Hoke 
with  the  rebel  ram  Albemarle,  had  attacked  the 
latter  place,  which  resulted  later  in  its  surrender  and 
the  capture  of  the  i6th  Conn.,  so  long  brigaded  with 
the  isth  The  battalion  on  its  arrival  was  quartered 
in  an  old  stable  in  the  rear  of  the  town.  Companies 
A  and  C  were  detailed  for  garrison  duty  m  tort 
Washington,  and  the  balance  guarded  the  picket  line. 
Up  to  this  time  the  Union  forts  in  the  vicinity  had 
been  manned  bv  the  rst  regiment  Loyal  North  Caro- 


70  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

linians,  but  as  at  the  capture  of  Plymouth,  before 
mentioned,  a  portion  of  this  regiment  had  been  taken 
prisoners  and  deliberately  shot  in  cold  blood,  by  the 
order  of  Gen.  Hoke,  the  balance  of  the  command 
was  sent  down  the  river  to  a  place  of  safety.  This 
action  left  the  forts  therefore  without  proper  artiller- 
ists. There  was  no  lack  of  interest  on  both  sides 
in  the  proceedings.  On  the  25th  a  Union  gunboat 
squeezed  up  the  creek  near  Fort  Jackson  and  noisily 
shelled  the  woods  in  all  directions.  On  the  27th  the 
rebel  forces,  freed  from  the  investiture  of  Plymouth 
appeared  opposite  our  lines.  An  immediate  attack 
was  expected.  Fort  Washington,  the  main  defense, 
was  garrisoned  by  Co.  C,  of  the  15th. 

The  armament    of   this    work    consisted    of   three 
thirty-two  pounders,  a  "  Long  Tom,"  two  brass  twelve 
pounders   (all  smooth  bores)  and   a  three   inch    steel 
rifled    Wiard   Gun.     The  latter   was   really   the   only 
reliable    piece.      Its    range    was    excellent.       Sergt. 
Towner  had  command  of  it  and  made   several   effect- 
ive shots.      Sergt.  Latta  had  charge  of  a  "32  "  on   the 
west  angle  of  the  fort  and  bored  so  many  holes  with 
It   in    an    old    cotton   gin    some    three-fourths    of    a 
mile     away    that     the    "Johnnies"    fled     in     terror. 
Corporal   Griffin  was  detailed  on  the  gun  at  the  east 
angle  of  the  works.     He  had  for  a  target  an  old  brick 
house  a  mile  or  more  distant  and  supposedly  unoc- 
cupied.    At  the   fourth  round   Griffin  knocked  in  its 
gable,  whereupon   such  a  swarm  of  rebels  issued  from 
it  as   to  draw  the  fire   of  every  Union  gun  that  could 
reach  it.     It  was  battered  down.       Much  of  the  credit 
of  this  amateur  artillery  practice  was   due   to  private 
James,  of  Co.  C,  the  only  man  in   the   fort  who  knew 
how  to  properly  load   the   pieces.     Later   on   the   5th 
R.  I.  Battery  arrived.     During  the  afternoon  more  or 
less  skirmishing  took  place  and  a  few  men  from  other 
regiments  were  wounded. 

It  is  supposed  so  bold   a  front   was   shown   and  so 
much  noise   made  as  to  mislead   Hoke  as  to  the  real 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION.  71 

Strength  of  the  line,  and  that  he  deferred  the  attack 
for  a  more  sufficient  force.  That  night  the  whole 
Union  force  lay  under  arms  in  the  breastworks  and 
the  fort.  At  the  same  time  however,  movements 
were  in  progress  for  the  evacuation  of  the  place.  The 
17th  Mass.  was  quietly  withdrawn  on  the  27th,  and 
the  2 1  St  Conn,  followed  the  next  day. 

Except  occasional  picket  firing,  the  night  passed 
without  alarm.  Co.  C,  that  had  achieved  such  dis- 
tinction as  artillerists,  opened  again  at  sunrise  with 
an  intermittent  fire.  The  enemy  did  not  even  return 
it.  More  troops  were  quietly  withdrawn,  and  several 
steamers  appeared  in  the  river  during  the  day.  That 
night  (28th,  29th)  Fort  Washington  was  dismantled, 
the  guns  being  taken  on  board  the  transports  by  the 
infantry  regiments.  On  the  30th  fire  was  set  to  the 
barracks,  store-houses  and  other  government  build- 
ings, and  the  pickets  called  in.  The  15th  was  the  last 
regiment  to  leave  the  breastworks. 

The  destruction  of  the  place  w^as  made  as  complete 
as  possible,  and  as  an  unavoidable  consequence  much 
private  property  suffered.  The  evacuating  force 
steamed  away  for  New  Berne  that  night.  Sand 
bars  delayed  them  as  usual,  and  the  old  quarters  m 
the  barracks  were  reached  next  day. 

On  the  2d  of   May  a   Special    Order   assigned   the 
15th  to  Provost  Guard  duty  in  the  city.      The  follow- 
ing list  of  the  posts  of  this  guard  may  serve  to  recall 
some  memories  connected  therewith. 
First  District. 

Post  I— Guard  Quarters. 

Post  2,  3,  4— Guard  House. 

Post  5— Naval  Stores. 

Post  6— Saw  Mill. 

Post  7,  8,  9,  10— Craven  Street  Jail. 

Post  1 1— Gen.  Palmer's  Quarters. 

I  corporal  and  6  men  at  the  Mail  Wharf. 

I  corporal  and  9  men  at  the  Railroad  bridge. 


72  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

Second  District. 

Post  I — Guard  Quarters. 

Post  2— Stables. 

Post  3 — Gen.  Palmer's  Headquarters. 

Post  4 — Foster's  Wharf. 

Post  5,  6 — Ordnance  Stores. 

Post  7,  8 — Railroad  Depot. 

Post  9 — Gen.  Harland's  Quarters. 

Post  lo — Engine  House. 

Post  II — ^Medical  Purveyors. 

Third  District. 

Post  I — Guard  Quarters. 
Post  2 — Turpentine  Works. 
Post  3,  4 — Paymaster's  Office. 
Post  5 — U.  S.  Treasury  Building. 

It  was  the  evident  intention  of  the  rebel  com- 
manders to  anno}"  our  forces  in  all  possible  ways 
without  risking  a  general  engagement.  Sorties  on 
our  lines  were  frequent.  On  the  4th,  a  dash  was 
made  at  "  Red  House  "  (mentioned  earlier),  and  our 
pickets  driven  in.  At  the  same  time  the  railroad  con- 
necting New  Berne  with  Morehead  City,  the  base  of 
supplies  for  the  former  city  was  cut.  The  "  Overland 
Monitor,"  which  man)'-  will  remember,  an  iron  clad 
car  mounting  a  field-piece  was  hastily  dispatched 
down  the  track  to  clear  the  woods.  Its  shells  had 
that  effect.  The  next  day  Col.  Upham,  with  a  force 
of  300  volunteers  went  down  on  a  transport  to  the 
scene  of  the  raid,  but  too  late  to  secure  the  perpe- 
trators. One  prisoner  only,  and  he  a  sick  man,  was 
bagged.  The  railroad  was  speedily  repaired  and 
communication  restored. 

By  this  time,  summer  had  reached  New  Berne  and 
was  effectually  warming  up  the  boys,  the  thermom- 
eter ranging  from  80  to  100  degrees  in  the  shade, 
days   in    succession.       The    enemy   was    surprisingh^ 


BEFEXSB  or  THE  OTZOJ".  -- 

quiet,  and  hiardly  a  rumor  disturbed  the  mon- 
otony of  the  cainap.  Dnring;  this  intervaju  occurred 
however,  the  "  surprise  party  "  of  the  17th  Mass^  and 
the  handsome  "  setting^  up "  they  received  at  the 
hands  of  the  iftb. 

About  the  m^iddle  of  June.  afEairs  became  unset- 
tled aorain  at  Bachelor's  Creek.  Information  led 
Gen.  Palmer  to  believe  a  rebel  force  was  concen- 
trating^ at  that  point,  preparatory  to  an  attack  on 
New  Berne.  On  the  2cth.  Col.  Upham.  with  560  men 
of  the  15th,  together  with  a  squadron  of  the  3d  X.  Y. 
Cavalry,  and  a  part  of  the  ijid  X.  Y.,  all  under 
c  of  CoL  Classen,  of   the  latter   r.  ^ 

>:.._-.   -_r  the  Creek  on  a  scout.      Everyth  _, 

.    .:  quiet  there,  and  the  next  morning  at  5  o'clock 
ihe    column    pushed    on    for    the    place    kr. 
Jacksons  Mills.      The  march  was  kept  up 
the    day    and  evening.     About   10  p.   m,  the  rebel 
p:  '      ~  ■       "^    .  entire  night  was  >-  :    •    - 

sk         -      _  :ig  the  enemy.    At - 

it  was  found  our  forces  had  rounded  up  seventy-six 
prisoners,*  and    :         *    '    '  -  ■   --         -      *    ~     t   as 

many  in  killed  a::  ^-7 

two  men.      Having  xuidiied  his 
returned   to  Bachelors  Creek  c„    .->    - 
same  night  took  the  cars  for  New  Berne. 

As  the  summer  a,  the  temperaiu 

to  increase  at  an  al:^: ,.  :ate.       Or.  :^c 

thermometer  reached  103  in  the  sh-  a  J^^y 

rd.  10^  degrees,  the  high  -  A^  t^^=^ 

time,  the  regiment  was  .      .~  .icss  ot 

the  99th  X.  Y.,  and  broiling  in  an  atmosphere  that 
never  rested  over  Xew  England. 

For  the  succeeding  two  months  there  wa> 
\-ary  the  monotony  of  provost  duty.     The  Rev. 
'"       itile.  successor  to  the  Rev.  D.  Henry  Miller,  -:= 

.     un.  arrived  and  preached  to  the  regiment  for 


•  A»<«£  the  opnired  «s  Gea.  Ouries  D.  F*oJ«.  a  gn-hwie  ot  V*le,  iSrv-. 


74  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

the  first  time,  Sunday,  July  31st.  Chaplain  Doolittle 
sprang  at  once  into  favor.  He  was  a  plain,  unosten- 
tatious speaker,  earnest,  sympathetic  and  sincere. 
Practical  in  all  his  relations  with  the  boys,  whether 
Christians  or  not,  they  learned  to  give  him  unlimited 
confidence  and  respect. 

During  the  above  period  occurred  one  event,  how- 
ever, which  exhibits  in  all  its  mercilessness  the  dis- 
cipline of  war.  This  was  the  execution  of  seven 
deserters  August  13th  and  14th.  Three  of  these 
unfortunates  were  recruits  of  the  15th,  Robert  Clarke 
and  Joseph  Collins,  of  Co.  E,  and  George  Berry,  of  Co. 

B.     The  others  were  Thomas  Baker,  26th  N.  Y.; 

Duncan,   99th   N.  Y.;  Timmons  and  Duffy, 

5th  R.  I.  Battery.     Baker  was  shot  on  the  morning  of 
the  13th,  near  Fort  Spinola,  and  the  remaining  six  on 
the  1 4th,  near  Fort  Totten.    Lieut.  Merriam  was  placed 
m  charge  of  the   execution.     The    firing  detail   was 
composed  of  six  squads,  each  containing ^ten  men  and 
a  corporal.     It  is  the  duty  of  the  latter  privatelv  to 
load  the  muskets  of  his  squad,  putting  a  blank  "car- 
tridge in  one  of  the  guns,  thus  no  one  in  line  abso- 
lutely  knows    whether    his   piece    is   deadly   or   not. 
Besides  this,  he  must  blindfold  and  seat  the  victim  on 
his  coffin.      When  all  is  ready  the   officer  gives  the 
general  commands.     At   the   order  to   fire  but  eight 
men  of  each  squad  discharge  their  pieces,  the  remain- 
ing two  and   the   corporal  holding  theirs  in   reserve 
should  the  first   volley  not  prove   fatal.     In   this  in- 
stance they  were  called  in  two  of  the  cases  to  com- 
plete the  execution.    This  is  always  done  at  the  closest 
range  and  invariably  unnerves  a  soldier  more  than 
any  other  duty  incident  to  army  life.     The  skirmisher 
or  the  sharp-shooter  will  coolly  pick  his  victim  at  a 
distance  without  the  slightest  compunction,  but  when 
he  is  led  close  to  a  comrade  already  in  the  agonies  of 
death,  and  required  to  satisfy  completely  the  dread- 
ful discipline  of  war,  he   visibly  shrinks.     After  the 


Chaplain  John   B.  Doolittle. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION.  75 

surgeons  have  examined  the  bodies  and  pronounced 
life  extinct,  it  is  the  further  duty  of  the  corporal  to 
take  off  the  shoes  of  his  victim,  loosen  the  bandaoe 
from  his  eyes  and  see  that  the  body  is  placed  in  a 
suitable  attitude  on  the  coffin.*  The  entire  force 
of  the  post  is  then  marched  past  the  remains,  that  all 
may  see  the  bitter  end  of  disobedience.  In  the  cases 
just  cited,  the  15th  victims  were  hardened  wretches 
unworthy  the  name  of  Union  soldiers.  The  night 
before  their  execution  will  be  remembered  by  the 
guard  at  the  Craven  street  jail  as  an  occasion  of 
depravity  rarely  witnessed.  Clark,  Collins  and  Berry 
enlisted  March  9th,  at  Middletown,  Conn.  They,  with 
thirty-nine  others  (all  recruits),  reached  the  15th  at 
New  Berne,  March  24th.  The  next  day  the  trio 
deserted.  Two  days  later — March  27th — they  were 
recaptured  by  Union  scouts  while  making  their  way 
to  the  Confederate  lines  f  and  tried  and  condemned 
with  the  results  as  stated.  The  lesson  was  a  salutary 
one.  If  Beckley  of  Co.  A,  is  correct  in  his  list  of 
deserters,  there  was  not  another  case  during  the  ser- 
vice of  the  regiment. 

September  5th,  an  expedition  consisting  of  75  men 
of  the  15th,  with  detachments  of  cavalry  and  artillery 

and  10  days'  rations  started  for .J     A  part  of  this 

force  returned  on  the  nth. 


*  Not  done  in  this  instance. 

+  Upham. 

:|:  G.  W.  Smith's  diary.     Destination  unknown. 


CHAPTER  VII. 

NEW     BERNE     (CONTINUED)  —  YELLOW     FEVER EXPEDITION 

TO      EVANS      IMILLS  GREAT      FIRE  EXPEDITION      TO 

KINSTON,    N.    C. 

The  news  of  the  capture  of  Atlanta  reached  Nev^^ 
Berne,  Sept.  9th.  It  was  signalized  by  the  firing  of 
TOO  guns  from  Fort  Totten  and  a  general  jubilee  of  all 
the  Union  forces.  During  this  uproar,  however,  there 
was  a  little  knot  of  the  officers  of  the  15th  who  could 
not  conceal  their  anxiety  in  the  midst  of  the  rejoic- 
ing. Even  while  the  cannon  were  booming  with 
victory  an  enemy  more  pitiless  than  man,  entered  the 
regimental  hospital  and  struck  his  victim.  Sergt. 
Rogers,  of  B,  died  that  day  of  yellow  fever.  Several 
deaths  from  typhoid  and  bilious  fever  had  occurred 
without  special  alarm,  but  in  the  case  of  Rogers,  Sur- 
geon Holcomb  detected  symptoms  which  gave  him 
the  gravest  concern.*  He  was  no  alarmist,  but  to  the 
medical  director  of  the  department  quietly  stated  his 
ojjinion.  This  was  scouted  at  once,  but  results  proved 
his  correctness  of  judgment  and  as  well  his  grand 
ability  later  to  battle  with  the  disease.  Here,  then, 
had  come  an  enemy  against  whom  breastworks  were 
no  defense.  The  alarm  did  not  become  general  until 
near  the  middle  of  Sept.,  at  which  time  the  garrison, 
with  the  exception  of  the  15th,  was  removed,  and  such 
of  the  citizens  departed  as  could  get  away.  Private 
proiDcrty  was  abandoned  on  all  sides,  and  the  regiment 
reduced  to  less  than  one-third  of  its  effective  service, 
found  its  duties  pressing  in  the  extreme. 

The  strictest  sanitary  measures  that  coiild  be 
enforced  with  so  small  a  body  of  men  were  set  in 
operation.       On   Sept.   25th,  two  of  the  old  commis- 

*It  was  the  opinion  of  this  eminent  physician  that  a  case  of  this  nature  occurred  as 
early  as  June. 


Capt.  Allen  W.   Harvey. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  77 

sary  btiilding-s  were  burned  as  possible  plague  spots, 
and  other  methods  adopted  to  check  the  disease.     The 
hospitals   were   filled  to  repletion,  and  many  private 
residences  were  taken  for  that  purpose.     The  weather 
continued  intensely  hot.     From  the  9th  to  the  28th  of 
September,  only  four  deaths  had  occurred,  but  on  the 
latter  date,  the  disease  appeared  to  take  a  more  fatal 
turn,  and  from  that  time  until  the  31st  of  October, 
there  was  scarcely  a  day  in  which  one  or  more  mem- 
bers (frequently  four  or  five)  of  the  15th  did  not  give 
up  their  lives  to  the  terrible  scourge.     On  the  4th  of 
October,  the  regiment  had  become  so  weakened  that 
it  was  relieved  from   provost  duty  by  the   ist  N.  C. 
(colored).     Between  the  ist  and  15th  of  October  the 
plague  reached  it  highest  destructive  limit.*  A  terrible 
gloom  hung  over  the  wretched  city.     Funeral  escorts 
were  constantly  in  the  streets,  and  there  were  hardly 
well  men  enough  to  attend  the  ill.     North  and  South 
alike  looked  with  horror  on  the  poison  struck,  swelter- 
ing town.     The  last  fatal  case  occurred  Nov.  6th,  and 
thereafter  the  hopes  of  the  boys  began  to  mend.     Not 
the  least  inspiring  agent  to  rouse  their  spirits  was  the 
return  of  the  brigade  band  about  this  time,  and  the 
old  familiar  music  served  to  relieve  the  terrible  strain 
on  many  a  soldier's  mind. 

The' following  persons  died  of  yellow  fever  at 
New  Berne,  N.  C.  The  record  is  compiled  from  the 
diaries  of  Charles  F.  Beckley  and  George  W.  Smith: 

Company  A. 
Pratt  Aaron  J., 
Redfield  Willis, 
Uhl  William, 
Total— 3 

Company  B. 
Bur  well  J.  Henry, 
Crandall  Dudley  W. 
Culver  Henry, 


1S64. 

Miller  Christian, 

Oct. 

7 

Sept.  24 

Rogers  Mason, 

Sept. 

9 

Oct.  II 

Smith  Cornelius  R. , 

Oct. 

12 

Oct.  10 

Total— 6 

Company  C. 

i8b4. 

1864. 

Bell  wood  Theodore, 

Oct. 

13 

Oct.  19 

Bracken  Timothy, 

Oct. 

4 

Oct.  17 

Dean  George, 

Sept. 

3» 

Oct.    4 

Johnson  Edward, 

Oct. 

12 

*  There  were  X47  cases  treated  in  the  regimental   hospital,  of  which  it  i.  said  33 
per  cent  terminated  fatally. 


78 


FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEEIiS. 


Company  C.  1S64. 

Reynolds  Garrett  H..  Oct.  13 
Smith  Septimius  S.  Capt.  Oct.  6 
Sperry  Henry  E.,  Oct.  7 

Striby  Amos,  Oct.  27 

Sturgess  Josejih  A.,  Oct.  14 

Tuttle  Bliss,  Oct.    2 
Total— 10 

Company  D.  1864. 

Andrews  Sidney  M. ,  Sept. 

Baker  John,  Sept. 

Curtiss  Henry  L.,  Sept. 

Devine  Patrick,  Oct. 
Hammond  Joseph,  Oct 

Lines  James  B.,  Oct 

Ohnzemach  John,  Oct 

Pettee  Rotheus,  Sept 

Story  John  O.,  Oct. 

Tread  way  John  H.,  Sept. 
Wade  Charles  T.,  Oct 

Total— II 

Company  E.  1864. 

Baldwin  Chauncey  L.,    Oct. 

Boyle  Charles  A.,  Oct. 

Hull  Ellsworth  H.,  Oct. 

Parsons  Prescott  W. ,  Oct. 
White  Samuel  U.,  Nov. 

Total— 5 

Company  F.  1S64. 

Baker  James  R.,  Oct.  : 

Beach  Lyman  A.,  Oct. 

CookAlvahJ.,  Oct. 


Carpenter  Franklin  S., 
Crowley  Daniel, 
Kenney  Alvin, 
Rancorn  Joseph, 
Total— 7 

Company  G. 
Dougherty  Bernard, 
Donnegan  Patrick, 
Dutton  Theodore, 
Huntley  Albert, 
Mortimer  Alonzo  S., 
Morton  Henry, 
Total— 6 

Company  H. 
Beecher  Franklin  K., 
Benjamin  Charles  A., 
Miller  Edward  A. , 
Wilson  Thomas, 
Total— 4 

Company  I. 
Boylan  Luke, 
Dudley  Edward  W., 
Dugan  John, 
Osborne  John, 
Thompson  Geo.  W., 
Whaley  Adelbert  H., 
Total— 6 

Company  K. 

Smith  Jacob  A., 

Total— I 

vStaff  Officef 
Ausfur  Marshall  C, 


Oct.  15 

Sept.  30 

Oct.  14 

Oct.    I 

1S64. 
Oct.  9 
Nov.  12 
Oct.  9 
Oct.  12 
Oct.  II 
Oct.  12 

1864. 
Oct.  7 
Oct.  9 

Oct.  30 
Sept.  28 

1 864. 
Oct.  13 
Oct.  8 
Oct.  4 
Oct.  19 
Oct.  10 
Oct.  19 

1S64. 
Oct.  3 


Oct.  II 


I       Oc 

t.    4. 

I 

'      6. 

I 

7- 

1 

'      8. 

2 

'      9- 

4 

'    10. 

2 

'    II. 

I 

'    12. 

2 

'    I."?- 

Number  of  deaths. 


Schedule   of   duration   and   virulence   of   the    epi 
demic  as  shown  by  fatal  cases  : 

Sept.  9.     Number  of  deaths, 

"  13- 
"  24. 
"  26. 
"  28. 
"  30. 
Oct.     I. 


DEFENSE  OF  TEE  UNION. 


79 


Oct.  14 

15 
16 

17 
iS 

19 


Number  of  deaths, 


Oct.  20 

"    27 

"    30 

"  31 
Nov.  6 

Total— 60 


Number  of  deaths,     i 


Notwithstanding  the  fierceness  of  the  epidemic 
and  the  unusual  demands  made  on  the  regiment  in 
consequence,  early  in  October  an  expedition  under 
Capts.  Burgess  and  Davis  was  despatched  to  Evans 
Mills,  N.  C* 

The  opportunity  is  taken  at  this  point  to  insert  the 
famous    order    "No.    12,"   which    the    veterans    will 
remember  made  havoc  somewhat  with  their  pay  rolls. 
Headquarters  15TH  Conn.  Vol.  Infantry, 

New  Berne,  N.  C,  October  27,  1S64. 
General  Orders,  ) 
No.  12.  ) 

The  Lieut.  Col.  Comg.  notices  that  some  men  of  this  regiment 
wear  other  than  the  proper  overcoat,  while  others  have  mutilated 
the  proper  coat  by  cutting  off  the  cape.      This  is  wrong. 

Commanders  of  companies  will  be  rigid  in  their  inspections, 
and  will  make  such  issues  as  may  be  necessary  to  have  every  man 
in  proper  uniform,  while  all  mutilated  clothing  will  be  replaced 
by  new.  By  Order  of 

LIEUT.   COL.  SAMUEL  TOLLES. 
PHiLir  C.  Rand, 

Lieut,  and  Act.  Adjt. 

On  the  9th  of  November  the  epidemic  had  so  far 
abated  that  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  return  to 
provost  duty.  It  thereupon  relieved  the  ist  North 
Carolina  and  resumed  its  old  posts. 

The  next  occasion  of  interest  was  the  big  fire 
corner  Pollock  and  Broad  streets,  Sunday,  Nov.  20th. 
The  entire  regiment  was  ordered  out  as  a  fire  depart- 
ment. The  wind  blew  fiercely  and  it  appeared  prob- 
able that  part  of  the  city  would  be  destroyed.  Sev- 
eral buildings  were  purposely  blown  up  to  stay  the 
flames,  among  them  a  liquor  store,  in  the  cellar  of 

^^^bi^^Ukn^^v^^rounded  by  heavy  woods.  There  was  a  fort  commanding 
the  bridge.  The  latter  was  taken  up  every  night  to  prevent  any  possible  surprise. 
The  mills  were  destroyed  on  this  e.xpedition. 


8o  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

which  were  half  a  dozen  soldiers  at  the  time  of  the 
explosion.  One  of  these  was  killed  outright,  and 
another  died  shortly  after.  The  others  were  cov- 
ered with  debris,  and  it  was  onl}^  by  the  vitmost 
exertion  that  they  were  released  from  the  wreck 
before  the  fire  reached  it.  During-  the  following 
night  the  rubbish  caught  again  and  it  seemed  for  a 
time  as  if  the  scenes  of  the  day  would  be  repeated. 
The  contrabands  gathered  in  large  numbers  but 
appeared  loth  to  lend  assistance  to  the  military  which 
was  again  called  upon.  Lieut. -Col.  Poor,  Provost 
Marshal  at  this  time,  ordered  the  negroes  to  fall  in 
for  duty.  He  was  speedily  told  that  it  being  Sunday 
they  did  not  propose  to  break  God's  law  by  working. 
Poor's  reply  was  the  repeated  command  coupled  with 
the  discharge  of  his  revolver  into  their  very  faces. 
One  man  was  severely  woimded,  after  which,  in  the 
language  of  Griffin,  of  C  "  the  colored  troops  fought 
nobly  "  and  the  fire  was  subdued. 

The  first  snow  fell  Nov.  2 2d,  reminding  the  boys 
very  sensibly  of  New  England.  The  last  trace  of 
fever  had  departed,  and  though  the  vacant  places  in 
the  ranks  constantly  reminded  the  living  of  their 
loss,  yet  the  regiment  had  regained  its  nerve  and  elas- 
ticity. Thanksgiving  was  observed  in  camp  with  as 
much  attention  to  detail  as  was  possible  in  the  cir- 
cumstances, Co.  K  in  particular,  signalizing  itself 
by  an  elaborate  "spread"  in  the  chapel  with  the 
accompaniments  of  "speeches  and  music." 

December  9th  orders  were  issued  for  an  advance 
in  the  direction  of  Kinston,  to  feel  the  enemy  and,  if 
possible,  capture  the  city.  This  expedition  was  com- 
posed of  the  15th  Conn.,  5th  R.  I.,  25th  Mass.,  i32d  N. 
Y.  and  12th  N.  Y.  Cavalry,  with  a  section  of  a  how- 
itzer battery.  All  were  in  light  marching  order,  with 
three  days'  rations  and  sixty  rounds  ammunition. 
The  two  latter  commands  preceded  the  others  by 
some  hours.  The  15th  got  away  at  midnight  in  a 
pouring  rain,  and  after  a  four  hours'  march  reached 


DEFENSE  OF  TEE  UNION.  8i 

a  place  called  "  Beech  Grove,"  where  a  halt  was  made 
for  breakfast.  At  sunrise  the  column  started  and 
continued  on  until  noon,  when  it  came  up  with  the 
advance.  Between  the  terrific  rain,  the  mud  and  the 
cold  weather,  the  force  was  compelled  to  go  into 
camp.  This  delay  proved  fatal  to  the  object  of 
the  expedition.  The  next  morning  (Sunday,  Decem- 
ber nth),  it  was  still  raining,  but  the  command  got 
under  arms  at  8  o'clock,  the  12th  N.  Y.  Cavalry  in 
advance,  and  at  10  a.  m.  struck  the  rebel  outposts. 
These  were  driven  back  under  a  scattering  fire  until 
vSouthwest  Creek  was  reached — about  4  p.  m. — where 
a  halt  was  made.  vScouts  reported  the  reinforcement 
of  Kinston  during  the  delay  above  mentioned,  and 
farther  advance  was  deferred.  The  cavalry  and 
artillery  crossed  the  creek  that  night  and  became 
engaged  with  the  enemy  next  morning  while  scout- 
ing toward  the  city.  They  were  compelled  to  fall 
back  again  across  Southwest  Creek  to  the  main  force. 
The  enemy  did  not  pursue,  and  the  forces  gathered 
for  the  return  march.  Twenty  miles  were  made 
that  day,  and  at  10  p.  m.  the  column  reached  Core 
Creek  and  went  into  camp,  a  cold,  hungry,  tired, 
dispirited  body  of  men.  A  march  of  nine  miles  the 
next  day  in  which  the  15th  had  the  advance  and 
was  several  times  fired  upon  by  guerrillas,  brought 
the  forces  to  Bachelor's  Creek,  and  thence  by  cars  to 
New  Berne.  Thus  closed,  with  the  exception  of  the 
"Blackberry  raid,"  the  most  disagreeable  and  fruitless 
expedition  the  regiment  ever  undertook. 

Herewith  is    appended   the   official  report  of  the 
12th  N.  Y.,  who  only  were  engaged  with  the  enemy: 

Headquarters  i2TH  N.  Y.  Cavalry. 

Camp  Palmer,  near  New  Berne,  N.  C, 
December,    1864. 
Capt.  E.  T.  Parkinson, 

Asst.  Adjt.  Gen.: 
Captain— I  have  the  honor  to  report  that  in  accordance  with 
instructions   received,   I  started  with  my  command,  which   con- 
sisted of  ten  troops  and  a  section  of  a  howitzer  battery,  in  all  about 

6 


82  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOIUNTEERS. 

four  hundred  (400)  men,  at  daylight  on  the  10th  instant,  and  pro- 
ceeded to  "  Core  Creek."  where  I  reported  in  person  to  Col.  Chas. 
L.  Upham,  and  was  instructed  by  him  to  take  the  advance  of  the 
column  with  my  command.  On  reaching  'Mosely's  Ford,"  I 
engaged  a  party  of  the  enemy  who  were  stationed  behind  rifle 
pits  on  the  opposite  bank,  and  drove  them  from  their  position 
with  a  line  of  dismounted  skirmishers  and  my  howitzer  section. 

On  reaching  "  Southwest  Creek,"  on  the  night  of  the  iithinst., 
I  received  instructions  from  the  Colonel  commanding  to  send  a 
squadron  of  my  command  up  the  road  towards  Kinston  to  "feel  " 
the  enemy.  This  squadron,  under  the  command  of  Capt.  Van 
Valkenburgh,  met  a  party  of  about  fifty  (50)  of  the  enemy's  cav- 
alry about  one  half  mile  beyond  Southwest  Bridge,  and  drove 
them  some  two  miles.  On  the  morning  of  the  12th  inst. ,  I  sent 
out  a  party  of  foragers  under  the  command  of  Lieut.  Pierson,  who 
were  attacked  about  one  mile  from  Southwest  Bridge  by  the 
enemy's  cavalry  and  artillery,  and  compelled  to  retire  after  hav- 
ing accomplished  their  mission. 

On  the  morning  of  the  12th  inst.,  the  enemy's  artillery  engaged 
my  howitzer  section  at  Southwest  Bridge,  but  were  silenced  after 
a  sijirited  engagement  of  about  twenty  minutes. 

Returning,  I  left  Southwest  Creek  about  9  a.  m.,  12th  inst., 
and  reached  this  camp  without  any  occurrence  on  the  morning  of 
the  13th  inst. 

I  append  a  list  of  the  casualties  and  seizures. 
Casualties. 

Private  Daniel  Hermann,  C  troop,  taken  prisoner  between 
Southwest  Bridge  and  Kinston,  on  the  charge  of  the  enemy  on 
our  foraging  party. 

Private  Alexander  Davidson,  howitzer  section,  slightly  wound- 
ed by  explosion  of  a  shell  during  the  artillery  engagement  at 
Southwest  Bridge  on  the  morning  of  the  12th  inst. 

Five  horses  wounded  (one  mortally)  in  howitzer  section  during 
the  artillery  engagement  at  Southwest  Bridge  on  morning  of  the 
i2th  inst. 

One  horse  in  D  troop,  lost  in  charge  of  Capt.  Van  Valkenburgh 
on  the  enemy  on  the  night  of  11th  inst. 

One  horse  in  I  troop,  abandoned  as  unfit  to  travel. 

Seizures. 
One  horse  captured  by  Capt.  H.  Watkins,  I  troop,  and  in  ser- 
vice in  his  troop,  in  lieu  of  one  abandoned. 
One  horse  captured  in  E  troop. 
One  horse  captured  and  turned  over  to  Regt'l  Q.  M. 

R.   R    WEST,  Major  12th  N.  Y.  Cavalry, 

Commanding. 


Cap!  Henry  H,  Stiles. 


CHAPTER  VIII. 

OPENING      OF     THE      YEAR      1 865 EXPEDITION      TO     LITTLE 

WASHINGTON EXPEDITION      TO      COLERAIN ARRIVAL 

OF     TROOPS      FROM      SHERMAN's      ARMY  —  SECOND      RAID 

ON      LITTLE     WASHINGTON DEPARTURE      FROM        NEW 

BERNE  —  THE    ADVANCE    ON    KINSTON. 

The  year  1865  opened  without  more  than  ordinary 
interest  to  the  15th.  Most  of  the  activity  in  war  cir- 
cles centered  about  the  operations  of  Grant  and  Sher- 
man. North  Carolina  was  comparatively  quiet. 
The  majority  of  troops  within  the  state  at  this  time 
were  "  Home  Guards,"  those  who  had  enlisted  for  its 
defense  and  who  were  expected  neither  to  leave  its 
soil  nor  assume  the  aggressive.  (Many  such  were  met 
by  the  writer  at  New  Berne  and  Kinston  in  1892.) 
This  gave  the  Union  forces  at  the  former  place  a  fairly 
quiet  winter.  The  15th,  to  please  itself  and  to  do 
honor  to  one  who  had  become  a  most  popular  officer, 
presented  their  chaplain  the  Rev.  John  B.  Doolittle, 
a  magnificent  horse  and  trappings  as  a  Christmas  gift. 
It  was  a  big  hearted  tribute  bestowed  upon  an 
equally  big  hearted  man. 

Early  in  January  the  blacks  celebrated  the  anni- 
versary of  the  Emancipation  proclamation  with  con- 
siderable vigor,  as  many  will  remember.  On  the  9th 
a  caisson  exploded  in  the  3d  N.  Y.  battery  wounding 
half  a  dozen  men.  The  weather  was  mild  and  the 
health  of  the  regiment  excellent. 

On  the  1 8th  a  detail  of  fifty  men  under  Col. 
McChestney,  with  seven  days'  rations,  was  dispatched 
to  Little  Washington  on  a  reconnoissance.  It 
developed  the  enemy  in  more  force  than  was  expected 
and  returned  the  next  day  with  several  men  wounded 
and  generally  the  worse  for  the  treatment  received. 


84  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

This  expedition  was  not  so  successful  as  that 
started  the  same  day  under  Capt.  Robert  O.  Bradley, 
up  the  Chowan  river.  Bradley  with  150  men  of  the 
15th,  together  with  one  company  of  the  Loyal  North 
Carolina  cavalry,  under  Capt.  Hone,  two  pieces  artil- 
lery under  Lieut.  Lowe,  and  the  whole  under  com- 
mand of  Col.  Frank,  left  New  Berne  on  the  i8th  and 
ran  up  the  Chowan  on  the  21st  to  Colerain,  (scene  of 
a  former  visit).  While  at  the  landing  at  the  latter 
place,  the  steamer  sprang  a  leak  and  went  down  in 
twenty  feet  of  water  with  her  stem  on  the  bank; 
word  was  despatched  to  New  Berne  for  another  trans- 
port, and  the  force  struck  out  on  an  expedition  into 
the  country.  Three  or  four  citizens  were  arrested  for 
giving  aid  and  information  to  the  enemy  and  their 
stock  and  property  confiscated.  Among  the  items 
captured  were  sixty-four  bales  cotton,  seven  bales  of 
yarn,  180  bales  smoking  tobacco,  11 1  boxes  plug 
tobacco  weighing  from  112  to  115  pounds  each, 
besides  other  stores  of  value.  The  raid  struck  ter- 
ror throughout  the  entire  district  and  no  resistance 
was  offered.  Col.  Frank  got  away  with  the  supplies 
and  reached  New  Berne  unharmed. 

About  the  first  of  February  military  movements 
began  in  all  the  departments.  It  was  the  deter- 
mination of  the  Government  to  force  matters  to 
a  climax  so  soon  as  the  season  would  allow.  To  this 
end  an  advance  of  the  forces  in  North  Carolina  was 
ordered.  Sherman  was  coming  up  from  the  vSouth. 
Early  in  the  month  great  quantities  of  lumber  and 
other  material  were  shipped  to  Bachelor's  Creek,  to 
rebuild  the  railroad  bridges  on  the  route  toward 
Kinston.  On  the  9th  a  strong  detachment  was 
brought  up  from  Morehead  City.  On  the  12th  a  train 
load  of  troops  came  from  Sherman's  army,  and  on 
the  15th  540  drafted  men  from  Illinois  reached  our 
camp.  The  latter  had  been  in  the  service  five  months, 
but  during  that  time  according  to   one  account  *  had 

*G.  W.  Sniitli's  Diary. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  85 

drilled  but  four  hours.  They  were  designed  as 
recruits  for  Sherman's  army,  but  so  poorly  fitted  for 
the  rapid  movements  and  service  of  that  army  as  to 
be  worthless  to  him.  Accordingly  they  were  assigned 
temporarily  to  Col.  Upham  for  drill  and  instructions. 

On  the  17th  another  raid  was  devised  on  Little 
Washington.  One  hundred  men  of  the  15th  and  200 
of  the  12th  N.  Y.,  with  four  howitzers  under  com- 
mand of  Capt.  Graham,  of  the  latter  regiment,  started 
at  5  o'clock  p.  m.  The  15th  with  two  of  the 
pieces  of  artillery  went  by  boat  ;  the  others  by 
land.  Little  Washington  was  reached  next  day 
at  noon,  where  the  forces  joined  and  la)^  outside 
the  breastworks  until  night  when  the  infantry 
returned  to  the  steamer.  The  next  morning  (19th) 
they  were  disembarked  and  again  deployed  outside 
the  fortifications.  Capt.  Graham  with  his  cavalry,  in 
the  meanwhile  raided  the  surrounding  country 
destroying  much  property  and  wound  up  the  day  by 
capturing  a  squad  of  four  officers,  and  twenty-one 
men.  The  force  then  re-embarked  on  the  "  Escort " 
and  returned  to  New  Berne  without  the  loss  of  a 
man. 

On  the  25th  of  February  two  officers  and  59  men 
of  the  6th  N.  C.  cavalry  voluntarily  came  into  camp 
and  laid  down  their  arms,  followed  the  next  day  by 
sixty  more  from  the  same  regiment.  This  action 
gave  our  boys  renewed  courage.  The  air  began  to 
fill  with  rumors  of  the  approaching  dissolution  of 
the  Confederacy.  On  the  28th  the  regiment  was 
mustered  for  sIk  months'  pay,  and  on  March  ist,  the 
following  orders  were  promulgated: 

Headquarters  District  ok  Beaufort. 
New  Berne,  N.  C,  March  ist,  1865. 
General  Orders,  } 
No.  2.  f 

The  troops  within  this  district,  exclusive  of  post  garrisons  and 
the  ist  Division  of  the  23d  Corps,  will  be  temporarily  organized 
into  two  divisions,  as  follows  : 


86  VIFTKENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOL  UNTEERS. 

ist  Division,   Brig.  Gen.  I.  N.  Palmer,  Commanding. 
i32d  N.  Y.  Vol.  Infantry. 
Ssth       " 
9th     N.'  J.     " 
23d  Mass.       "  " 

2d  Mass.  Heavy  Artillery. 
Batteries  C  and  D,  3d  N.  Y.   Light  i\rtillery. 
Also,  ist  and  3d  Brigades  of  the  Provisional  Division  lately  com- 
manded by  Brig.  Gen.  Meagher. 

2d  Division,  Brig.  Gen.  S.  P.  Carter,  Commanding. 
15th  Conn.  Vol.  Infantrv. 
25th  Mass.     " 
17th 
27th 

Batteries  A,  I,  and  G,  3d  N.  Y.  Light  Artillery. 
Also,  2d  Provisional  Brigade  and  the  iSth  Wisconsin  Vol.  Infantry. 
By  Command  of 

MAJOR   GEN.   COX,  &c. 

Gen.  Carter  being  ordered  to  organize  his  division 
into  three  brigades,  issued  the  following : 

Headquarters  Second  Division, 

District  of  Beaufort, 
New  Berne,  N.  C,  March  i,  1S65. 
General  Orders,  ( 
No.  2.  f 

The  troops  comprising  this  division  will  be  temporarilj^  organ- 
ized into  three  brigades  as  follows: 

ist  Brigade,  Col.  A.  G.  Malloy,  Commanding. 
2d  Brigade  Meagher's  Division. 
iSth  Wisconsin. 
2d  Brigade,  Col.  Charles  L.  Upham,  Commanding. 
15th  Conn. 
27th  Mass. 
3d  Brigade,  Lieut.  Col.  Henry  Splain,  Commanding. 
17th  Mass. 
25th  Mass. 

Battery  A,  3d  N.  Y.  Artillery  (dismounted). 
Batteries  I  and  G,  3d  N.  Y.  Artillery,  will  report  direct  to  these 
headquarters. 

By  Command  of 

BRIG.  GEN.  S.  P.  CARTER,  &c. 

The  foregoing  bulletins  show  the  formation  of  the 
force,  and  indicate  the  position  of  the  15th  Conn.    The 


DEFENtiE  OF  THE  UNION.  87 

full  strength  of  the  expedition  is  not  known  to  the 
writer  Col.  Upham's  brigade  as  stated,  was  composed 
of  the  15th,  with  680*  officers  and  men  and  the  27th 
Mass.,  with  217*  officers  and  men. 

The  movement  began  on  the  second  of  the  month. 
Co  K  remained  as  provost  guard  and  the  remainder 
of 'the  regiment  left  New  Berne  by  cars  at  noon  for 
Bachelor's  Creek.      The  latter  point  was  the  limit  of 
railroad    transportation,  and   from   there    the  march 
really  commenced.      It  was    a   cold,    rainy    day,    and 
the  troops  were  in  heavy  marching  order.     Dove    s 
Forks  Z  reached  at  nightfall,  where  a  ^^It  was  niade^ 
but  the  storm  increasing  in  force  rendered  the  night 
■         1  I0      Wr^nnilv  the  next  day's  march  was 
^h:;  'Z::^-Jt^X  ana  at  /p.  n.  the  .egi- 
'n  nt  resteer  at  Core  Creek  ^^here  it  went  tnto  tem- 
Dorarvcamp      Thiswason  Friday,  March  3d.    The  col 
ITrested  for  thcartiUery  to  come  np^wh.ch  arrived 
Saturday  and  Sunday.     It  was  a  bad  delay.     I    Gen^ 
Cox  ant  cipated  he  could  wait  two  days  m  the  enemy  s 
country  without  his  presence  being  known,  he  must 

^^^r/trtirthetr°cr:^ere  rearr.an,ed,  and 
the  plan'of  attack  agreed  upon^  ^  Col^Upham  s  b    - 

^^-=  rtrcniLtttHtir  mrv:;e;tcor.";him 

^de^tt  -r^L  -talions  placing  tlte  ..-  .™tg 

companies  under  --™;;«' .°*o^^:;"^,^°  „„  Monday 
the  left  wing  under  ^^'^d.  had  come  up,  four  days' 
morning,  March  6th,  "'<>[>-J°'^>  '^'^^^;;°'^^<i  P'e^sed,  and 
rations  had  been  cooked,  ^0  'am  ha  ^^^^^^^^ 
-the  enemy  been  notified  C«l.  Upla^ 
to  lead  the  advance  on  *^D°"';'°"'^;ed  steadily 
He  got  offprmnptlyam^ f 

*  Field  Report,  March  5th. 


88  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

until  noon,  when  a  halt  of  an  hour  was  made  for  din- 
ner. The  route,  for  the  most  part  lay  through  woods 
and  swamps,  and  in  the  afternoon  the  road  was  found 
blockaded  with  fallen  timber  to  dela}-  the  march. 
This  was  cleared  to  allow  passage  for  the  artillery. 
Skirmishers  were  kept  well  in  advance,  but  no  enemy 
discovered  until  toward  evening  when  Capt.  Graham 
snapped  up  a  couple  of  rebel  picket  posts.  The  force 
kept  on  to  the  junction  of  the  railroad  with  the  Dover 
road,  where  night  overtook  them,  and  a  halt  was 
made.  A  strong  guard  was  thrown  out  and  the  bri- 
gade lay  on  its  arms.  This  j^lace  was  known  as  "  Gum 
Swamp." 

On  the  morning  of  the  7th,  the  following  order  was 
issued: 

HeAD(JUARTERS    2D    DIVISION, 

District  of  Beaufort. 
Col.  Charles  L.  Cpham, 

Commanding-  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division: 

Colonel — As  it  is  important  to  husband  the  artillery  ammuni- 
tion as  far  as  is  practicable,  I  hope  you  will  not  permit  the  sections 
of  artillery  to  expend  their  ammunition  uselessly.  When  there  is 
an  opportunity  of  having  your  shots  do  execution,  then  give  it  to 
the  rebels.     Be  vigilant. 

I  am,  Colonel,  yours  respectfully, 
.S.  P.  CARTER, 

B.  G.  Commanding. 

In  addition  to  the  foregoing,  the  following  mem- 
orandum was  sent  to  Col.  Upham,  written  hurriedly 
upon  a  small  scrap  of  paper  : 

Col.  Upham  to  make  his  headquarters  at  or  near  Jackson's 
]\lill.  His  pickets  on  the  right  as  close  as  possible  to  Southwest 
Creek,  to  connect  with  Gen.  Palmer's  left.  Major  Clarkson  with 
his  two  companies  of  cavalry  to  move  on  the  British  road,  his 
pickets  to  extend  well  towards  the  upper  Trent  road.  Be  very 
vigilant  and  gain  all  the  information  possible  with  regard  to 
banks,  width  and  depth  of  creek,  as  well  as  of  enemy's  strength, 
&c.     My  headquarters  will  be  at  Wise's  Forks. 

vS.  P.   CARTER. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  89 

Col  Upham's  pickets  were  called  in  at  noon,  arid 
at  2  o'clock  his  brigade  was  ordered  forward.  The 
i,2d  N  Y  of  Gen.  Palmer's  division,  had  reached 
the  ground  the  day  previous,  and  established  its 
lines  within  a  short  distance  of  the  enemy.  _  The 
xcth  Conn,  received  orders  to  relieve  this  regiment 
that  it  might  return  to  its  place  in  the  First  division. 
From  this  point,  omitting  his  opening  remarks 
already  covered  in  this  narrative,  we  quote  Col. 
Upham's  report. 

Headouarters  15TH  Conn.  Vol.  Infantry 

KiNSTON,  N.  C,  April  15,  1865- 

*  Brig.  Gen.  H.  J.  Morse, 

Adjutant  General  State  of  Conn.: 
General-0„  the  6th  of  March  the  army  '-'-^f^'^^^X^^ 

in^s  with  artillery  and  infantry  well  entrenched,     ^bou    -  P 
of'the  7th,  I  was  ordered  to  the  left  to  reheve  a  por^  n       th^^ 
Brigade,   ist  Division,  then  at  J^^^^^son  s  Mills.     Arm     g 
C.mpanies  A  and  I,  of  the  xst  Battahon  (Lieut-  ^^J^^"^;^^^^^. 
deployed  as  skirmishers,  the  remainder  of  the  ^^"^^;°y         ^^ 
i„g  the  supports  and  the  Packet  line_conneeting.nh^^^^^^^  ^^^ 

our  right,  three-fourths  of  a  ^^4.^^^,^^"^-  ,  J^^^^  ,nd  a  half  in 
our  division  went  into  camp  ^^^^^^^^^^'^^rweVr^^^^^^  to 
our  rear.     Our  ^^^J  --^^^^^^^^^^^  the 

picket  as  far  as  the  upper  irem  lu      ,  During 

possibility  of  the  enemy  passing  our  left  ^«^^-°-J  \°  ^J^^     ^^^^,;, 
?he  night  the  skirmish  line,  under  Lieut  Col.  ^^^J^  ,,, 
forward  to  within  one  hundred  yards  of  the  enem> 
entrenched.  ,^PTi,-f1  on  us  with  artil- 

About  10  a.  m.  of  the  Sth,  the  ^^^^ ^"^^'tZ^.r.  became 
ery,  which  was  returned  by  our  ^^^^^^^^^^ X^;^^ ,^.  enemy 
briskly  engaged.  Receiving  ^^'-^-^^''^I'^lll^  .^h  Mass.  into 
was  moving  upon  a  road  on  our  1^"; J  °^^f  ^^j^-,^  ^^d  with  skir- 
the  woods  to  -  ^eft,  forming- 
mishers  thrown  out  on  both  nanks.     ^ 


*  Adjiitant  General's  Report,  i8 


go  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEEIIS. 

a  sudden  and  impetuous  attack  upon  the  27th  Mass.  Directing 
that  the  2d  Battalion  of  the  15th  change  front  to  meet  it,  and  the 
artillery  to  report  to  me  at  the  crossing  of  the  British  road,  I  pro- 
ceeded in  that  direction  and  found  the  enemy  to  have  possession 
of  that  part  of  the  field,  and,  advancing  rapidly,  gained  the  roads, 
thereby  preventing  communication  with  Lieut.  Col.  Tolles  and 
Major  Osborne.  At  the  same  time  the  enemy  advanced  on  our 
right,  and,  cutting  our  picket  line  in  two,  almost  completely  sur- 
rounded the  troops,  who  were  soon  compelled  to  surrender. 

The  only  officer  escaping  was  Lieut.  Bowman,  who  with  a  few 
men  ran  the  gauntlet  of  a  hot  fire  to  make  their  escape.  From  an 
A.  D.  C.  of  Gen.  Bragg,  who  was  present  on  the  Sth  and  after- 
ward taken  prisoner,  I  learn  that  the  rear  attack  was  made  by 
Hokes'  Division,  6,000  strong 

No  information  was  received  by  me  of  the  ajDproach  of  the 
enemy,  despatches  from  the  General  commanding  having  fallen 
into  the  hands  of  the  enemy. 

I  have  to  regret  the  loss  of  Capt.  Bassett.  He  was  mortally 
wounded  on  the  skirmish  line  just  before  the  rear  attack.  He 
was  a  brave  and  faithful  officer. 

Not  having  been  able  to  receive  reports  from  commanding 
officers,  I  am  unable  to  give  a  more  complete  report,  but  will  for- 
ward such  casualties  as  are  known.  The  regiment  is  at  present 
on  dutv  at  this  post. 

CHARLES  L.   UPHAM, 

Colonel  Commanding  Regiment. 

To  return  to  the  details  of  the  engagement. 
As  indicated  in  the  preceding  report,  Companies  A, 
Capt.  Bassett,  and  I,  Capt.  Buttricks,  were  ordered  to 
deploy  as  skirmishers  and  the  brigade  moved  forward 
to  position.  The  rebel  battery  opened  fire  and  there 
was  a  brisk  cannonade  for  a  time  but  with  little  effect. 
During  the  relieving  of  the  N.  Y.  regiment  the  Con- 
federate skirmishers  seeing  the  bold  stand  taken  by 
our  forces,  retired  across  the  creek  and  opened  a  scat- 
tering fire  on  our  lines,  wounding  a  few  men.  Col. 
Upham  posted  the  two  wings  of  the  15th  on  each 
side  of  the  main  road  leading  from  Wise's  Forks  to 
the  Creek  with  Co.  I,  3d  N.  Y.  Artillery  (2  guns)  a 
little  in  the  rear.  The  27th  Mass.,  Col.  Bartholomew 
(175  men)  formed  on  the  extreme  left  at  a  right  angle 
to  the  left  wing  of  the  15th.      [See  diagram]. 


Col.  Charles    L.   Upham. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  91 

By  this  disposition,  Gen.  Carter's  line  of  battle  (or 
Col.  Upham's  rather)  did  not  exceed  500  yards. 
Directly  in  his  front  lay  Jackson's  Mills,  on  vSouthwest 
Creek  and  the  bridge  near  by  which  had  now  come  to 
be  the  disputed  point.  To  defend  this  crossing  the 
rebels  had  thrown  up  a  small  earth  work  in  its  rear 
and  run  in  a  couple  of  guns  of  a  light  battery. 

Thus  stood  the  situation  on  the  evening  of  the 
7  th.  During  the  night  companies  A  and  I  were  pushed 
forward  a  few  yards,  and  knowing  that  discovery  in 
the  morning  would  draw  the  rebel  fire,  protected 
themselves  with  such  defense  as  they  were  able  to 
construct  out  of  their  knapsacks,  and  a  little  earth 
thrown  up  with  their  cups  and  plates.  (There  was 
but  one  shovel  in  each  company).  It  was  not  much 
of  a  breastwork  but  served  partially  to  conceal  them 
from  the  sharpshooters.  The  night  passed  quietly, 
though  there  was  little  sleep  within  our  lines.  It  does 
not  appear  that  Gen.  Cox,  in  command  of  the  force, 
supplied  either  of  his  division  commanders  with 
information  of  what  they  would  probably  meet,  and 
in  turn  neither  Palmer  nor  Carter  communicated  any- 
thing definite  to  their  brigade  officers. 

Indeed  the  whole  movement  seems  wretchedly 
conducted,  and  without  a  competent  head.  No  pains 
was  taken  by  Gen.  Carter  to  move  up  his  reserves, 
nearer  than  Wise's  Forks.  The  17th  and  25th  Mass. 
were  at  his  disposal,  though  it  is  supposed  the  former 
was  picketing  the  left  flank.  If  so,  it  gave  no 
warning  of  the  approach  of  Hoke's  forces  next  day, 
but  allowed  him  to  burst  through  like  a  torrent  on 
Upham's  flank.  Besides  this,  it  cannot  be  shown  that 
a  crossing  of  Southwest  Creek  at  any  other  place 
than  Jackson's  Mills  was  contemplated,  on  account  of 
the  stream  being  much  swollen  from  the  recent  rains, 
and  on  that  point  the  forces  should  have  been  con- 
centrated; yet  Palmer's  division  quietly  went  into 
camp    a    mile    away    from    Carter's    right,   without 


92  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

even  the  formality  of  establishing-  communication 
with  the  latter.  Such  a  disposition  of  forces,  unless 
of  great  magnitude,  seems  hardly  justifiable  while 
pushing  into  an  enemy's  country.  On  the  other  hand 
it  may  be  urged  that  Gen.  Cox  had  instructions  no 
farther  than  to  develop  the  enemy,  and  await  orders 
from  Department  Commander  vSchofield.  One  thing 
is  certain,  however,  that  whatever  policy  he  may 
have  had  in  view,  he  left  entirely  out  of  sight  the 
possible  emergency  of  the  rebel  commander  assuming 
the  offensive. 


7^Z^-^- 


CHAPTER  IX. 

KINSTON. 

The  attack  was  opened  by  the  Confederate  artillery 
back  of  the  bridge  at  the  mill,  shortly  after  9  o'clock 
on  the  morning  of  the  8th.  The  position  was  as  indi- 
cated in  the  preceding  diagram.  The  15th  was  early 
under  arms  (indeed  for  that  matter  it  had  been  in  line 
all  night)  but  there  was  very  little  exposure  of  forces, 
neither  side  at  first  appearing  particularly  anxious  to 
force  matters.  The  3d  N.  Y.  battery  replied  to  the 
fire  and  the  compliments  of  the  morning  were  thus 
exchanged  at  easy  range.  The  infantry  was  quiet,  as 
there  was  no  maneuvering  for  position,  and  except 
for  an  occasional  shot  there  was  little  to  indicate  the 
presence  of  two  opposing  forces  until  about  the 
middle  of  the  forenoon,  when  the  sound  of  musketry 
on  the  extreme  left  stirred  up  in  the  boys  the 
expectation  that  it  was  the  beginning  of  the  struggle, 
and  that  the  fire  would  work  up  the  line  until  all 
were  involved.  In  this  they  were  not  disappointed; 
the  engagement  soon  became  general  and  was  con- 
tinued for  a  couple  of  hours,  but  with  fewer  casual- 
ties than  one  would  expect,  judged  by  the  force  *  in 
front  and  the  volume  of  its  fire.  The  attention  of 
companies  A  and  I  was  thus  not  allowed  to  be 
diverted  a  moment   from   the  business  they  had  on 

hand. 

Thus  the  morning  wore  away.  A  little  after  11 
o'clock  word  reached  Col.  Upham  of  the  advance  of 
the  enemy  up  the  British  road,  on  his  flank.  He 
instantly  despatched  orders  to  avert  this  attack,  but 
the  oncoming  was  so  rapid  that  before  our  forces 
were  aware.  Gen.  Hoke  with  his  command  had  swept 

*Estimated  at  2,500  by  Col.  Tolles  in  The  Democratic  Lever,  Sept.  2,  .87.. 


94 


FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 


away  the  cavalry  pickets  and  was  advancing  in  three 
lines  of  battle  with  8,000  men.  It  seems  that  during 
the  morning  and  while  the  skirmishers  had  been  so 
cunningly  kept  busy  at  "  the  front  "  the  rebel  com- 
mander had  made  a  detour  of  8  or  10  miles  on  our 
flank  and  rear,  absolutely  unseen  by  the  Union  scouts 
until  the  storm  broke. 

The  27th  Mass.,  placed  at  right  angles  to  the  left 
of  the  15th  Conn.,  first  came  under  fire.  The  rebel 
right  over-lapped  it  by  many  yards,  enfilading  and 
doubling  it  back  upon  itself.  It  broke  b}^  the  right 
flank  and  came  through  the  lines  of  the  15th  on  the 
run,  holding  its  place  long  enough  however  for  Maj. 
Osborne  to  change  front  with  his  battalion.  This 
was  accomplished  in  the  face  of  a  severe  fire,  a  move- 
ment rarely  attempted  except  by  the  inost  seasoned 
troops.  The  fire  of  the  15th,  though  it  gave  a  tem- 
porary check  to  the  assault  could  not  long  delay  it, 
and  the  rebel  lines  of  battle  not  a  hundred  yards 
apart  bore  steadily  down  on  our  flank. 

Meanwhile  matters  were  excessively  lively  at  the 
front.  The  rebel  infantry  there,  at  the  first  sound  of 
the  rebel  guns  in  our  rear,  crossed  the  creek  on  logs 
and  improvised  bridges  and  attacked  us.  Our  skir- 
mishers under  Capts.  Bassett  and  Buttricks  held  them 
in  check.  Yet  the  close  range  of  the  field  allowed 
their  sharp-shooters  to  search  every  portion  of  it. 
Major  Osborne  finding  his  first  line  getting  too  hot, 
gave  orders  to  fall  back.  This  movement  was  success- 
fully made  although  it  involved  a  second  change  of 
front,  and  a  position  was  taken  behind  a  rail  fence 
some  twenty  rods  in  the  rear.  Here  he  made  a  second 
stand  and  resisted  the  onslaught  with  such  bravery 
and  steadiness  as  to  excite  the  wonder  of  the  rebel 
leaders.  vSaid  the  Colonel  of  the  57th  N.  C.  to  Lieut. 
Goodrich  of  Co.  G,  15th  Conn.,  then  an  aid  on  Gen. 
Palmer's  stafl::  "During  all  my  experience  of  army 
life  I  have  never  seen  such  an  exhibition  of  hard  fight- 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION. 


95 


ing  as  that  given  by  the  15th  Conn,  regiment  at  Kins- 
ton,  N.  C.  I  saw  them  change  front  three  separate 
times  and  "  dress  up  "  as  if  on  parade.  We  had  to 
entirely  surround  them  before  they  would  surrender. 
We  also  felt  that  such  officers  .and  men  were  entitled 
to  better  treatment  as  prisoners  of  war,  and  I  believe 
special  favors  in  some  instances  were  shown  them." 

But  even  pluck  could  not  win  in  this  unequal  con- 
test. From  the  front,  the  rear,  the  flank,  a  storm  of 
lead  increasing  every  moment,  was  thinning  tlieir 
ranks;  moreover  they  were  swiftly  being  enveloped 
by  the  swarming  host  when  Major  Osborne  reluctantly 
gave  the  order  to  retreat,  and  the  battalion  took  to 
the  right  as  the  only  course  left  open  for  escape.  On 
came  Hoke's  lines  now  freed  from  all  hindrance 
with  such  yells  as  only  a  victorious  force  can  produce. 
Our  skirmish  line  being  fully  occupied  with  business 
in  their  front  did  not  know  of  the  break  behind  them 
until  the  rebel  bullets  caught  them  from  the  rear. 
Even  then  there  were  no  signs  of  wavering.  Lievit. 
Linsley,  in  command  of  Co.  C.  (support  to  Capt.  But- 
tricks),  who  was  lying  with  his  men  in  a  ditch,  was  the 
first  to  observe  the  rout  of  the  left  wing.  In  the  nat- 
ural course  of  things  he  would  have  received  an  imme- 
diate order  to  withdraw,  but  none  came.  He  "  held 
the  fort  "  until  the  enemy  was  within  ten  rods,  when 
he  coolly  moved  to  the  right  and  reported  to  Col. 
Tolles.  This  it  seems  was  the  first  intimation  the 
latter  officer  had  of  the  nearness  of  the  enemy.  He 
at  once  gave  orders  to  call  in  the  skirmishers,  and  it 
was  while  upon  this  errand  to  Capt.  Buttricks  that 
Lieut.  Bishop,  of  Co.  D,  was  wounded.  By  this  time 
the  15th  had  lost  its  formation  and  there  was  a  gen- 
eral go-as-you-please  gait  struck  for  the  woods  on 
the  right  where  it  was  supposed  Gen.  Palmer's  divis- 
ion was  lying.  Buttrick's  skirmishers  were  the  last 
to  leave  their  places,  but  once  under  way  they  ran  on 
strictly  business   principles.      Their   gallant   captain 


96  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOIUNTEEBS. 

whose  legs  would  fain  have  carried  him  along  too, 
conceived  it  more  appropriate  and  in  accordance  with 
military  usages  to  report  to  his  superior  officer  than 
to  run;  accordingly  he  sought  out  Col.  Tolles.  Him 
he  found  sitting  alone,  on  a  five-rail  fence  near  his 
headquarters,  apparently  the  most  unconcerned  man 
of  the  lot.  The  fire  of  the  enemy  was  still  kept  up 
and  lead  was  freely  whistling  around  him.  "  Well, 
Captain,"  said  the  Colonel,  very  calmly,  "what  the 
devil  does  this  mean  ?  " 

"It  means"  was  the  reply,  "for  us  to  leave  this 
place.  It  looks  as  if  we  wasn't  wanted  here."  And 
with  that  the  two  veterans  bade  good-bye  to  head- 
quarters and  followed  in  the  wake  of  the  retreating 
15th. 

There  is  very  little  more  to  relate  in  connection 
with  this  engagement.  A  flight  of  less  than  a  thousand 
yards  and  the  entire  force  ran  plump  into  the  net 
waiting  to  receive  them.  A  strong  detachment  of  the 
rebel  force  had  crossed  the  creek  lower  down  and 
worked  in  unseen  between  the  divisions  of  Carter 
and  Palmer,  cutting  off  every  avenue  of  escape  for 
the  former.  Surrender  followed  as  a  matter  of 
course.  The  vState  color  was  with  Co.  C,  in  the  left 
wing.  Corporals  Griffin  and  Finnigan  had  it  in 
charge,  and  were  compelled  at  their  capture  to  give 
it  up.  The  national  color  was  with  the  right  wing,  in 
charge  of  Corporals  Hubbard  and  Marvin.  By  the 
aid  of  "legs  and  lack  "  they  succeeded  in  gaining  the 
rear  with  it,  and  it  rests  to-day  in  the  Capitol  at 
Hartford  with    the  other  sacred  relics  of  the   State. 

The  usual  experiences  followed  the  capture  of  the 
regiment.  The  "Johnnies,"  to  use  the  current  war 
phrase,  "  went  through "  our  boys,  relieving  them 
generally  of  all  things  of  a  portable  nature.  A  few 
trades  were  made,  but  as  the  Yank  wasn't  in  very 
suitable  circumstances  to  dictate  how  he  would 
"  swap,"  it  generally  ended  by  his  giving  up  every- 


> 

^^^^^^^  ^$^m^  ■   _;^j 

m^mr 

:**P»?i 

w  "*■■■* 

^P?^''"""'  *B 

f  . 

^t -'*^^#  ^jf     ^ 

Lieut.  Charles  S.  Gray. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  gy 

thing-  to  his  Southern  brother.  Brutality  was  in  some 
cases  shown.  The  testimony  of  the  captured  men 
does  not  confirm  the  assertion  of  the  North  Carolina 
officer  referred  to,  that  special  leniency  was  shown 
their  prisoners  for  so  plucky  a  defense.  For  instance, 
Capt.  White  was  knocked  down  with  the  breech  of  a 
musket  and  his  overcoat  taken  by  a  Confederate 
colonel;  his  gold  watch  also  was  snatched  by  a  pri- 
vate. Lieut.  Bishop's  gold  watch  was  taken  from 
him,  but  was  afterward  redeemed  with  Capt.  White's 
field  glass.  Lieut.  Burgess'  watch  was  taken,  etc.,  etc. 
There  was  scarcely  a  man  who  was  not  compelled  to 
pay  tribute  of  some  kind  to  his  captor. 

The  result  of  the  day's  work  bore  little  similarity 
to  the  anticipations  of  the  morning.  The  companies 
were  rent  and  torn.  Of  the  officers,  the  gallant 
Osborne  and  the  equally  intrepid  Bishop  were 
severely  wounded,  the  latter  mortally.  Capt.  Bassett 
was  killed.  Capt.  White  and  Lieut.  Burritt  had  each 
been  hit.  Of  the  rank  and  file,  twenty-four  were 
killed  and  forty-nine  wounded. 

The  following  table  of  the  casualties  of  the  regi- 
ment has  been  prepared  from  the  Conn.  Record  : 

COMPANY  A. 

KILLED.  WOUNDED. 

Capt.  Julius  Bassett,  Robei't  O.  Williams, 

George  N.  Bailey,  Elbridge  Wright, 

Eugene  Bouvard.  L.  M.  Camp, 

Felix  McCabe. 

COMPANY   B. 

KILLED.  WOUNDED. 

John  ]\I.  Corlea,  John  ^Moore, 

Philip  Doonks,  Merwin  E.  Palmer, 

Antonio  Domingo.  .         Edward  Smith, 

Charles  D.  Barnes, 
Hiram  N.  Childs, 
Robert  Agnew, 
S.  C.  Canfield, 
Ammi  B.  Palmer. 


8  FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEEBS. 

COMPANY   C. 

KILLED.  WOUNDED. 

None.  John  E.  Towner, 

Patrick  Harrigan, 
Frank  Emanuel  (died), 
James  Albert, 
Barney  Carroll, 
William  B.  Clark  (died), 
Timothy  Costello, 
Francis  D.  Mosher. 

COMPANY   D. 

KILLED.  WOUNDED. 

Mathew  Brown,  Lieut.  E.  W.  Bishop, 

John  Groth,  William  S.  Childs, 

Thomas  Nichols.  Franz  Bauer, 

John  Callahan, 
William  Clark, 
Charles  Hack, 
Joseph  Hance, 
Frederic  Liebeck, 
Emil  Montard. 

COMPANY   E. 

KILLED.  WOUNDED. 

John  ilallen.  Capt.  G.  M.  White, 

George  W.  Manville, 
Lewis  B.  Bristol, 
John  Cull, 
William  Griffin, 
Arthur  L.  Johnson, 
N.  P.  Shippey, 
Rufus  J.  Spencer, 
William  Walker. 

COMPANY   F. 

KILLED.  WOUNDED. 

None.  William  Clark. 

COMPANY   G. 

KILLED.  WOUNDED. 

Lewis  Blatchly,  Sergt.J.Kegelmeyer  (mort'ly.) 

Patrick  Burke,  Walter  P.  Bryan, 

Frank  Cardnell,  Thomas  BuUivant, 

Harmon  S.  Johnson,  Michael  Burns, 

Marie  Jean,  Pierre  Marie, 

Augustus  Reichwin.  Patrick  Murphy, 

Arland  Peterson, 
George  Smith. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.        .  gg 

COMPANY   H. 

KILLED.  WOUNDED. 

Charles  A.  Beardsley,  Lieut.  Burritt, 

Elias  C.  Andrews,  Henry  T.  Hoadley, 

Charles  Patterson.  Nelson  S.  Smith, 

Patrick  Clark, 
John  Maher, 
Elijah  S.  Williams. 

COMPANY   I. 

KILLED.  WOUNDED. 

Calvin  Albee,  Corp.  Frank  Philips, (mort'ly.) 

Darius  E.  Barnes,  John  Kearney,  (mortally.) 

Henry  W.  Kelsey,  Jonathan  Morse,  Jr. 

James  AValker,  Harvey  E.  Burns, 

Darius  Dowlmg,  Thomas  Fisher, 

Burton  Bradley,  John  D.  Jenkins, 

William  Davis.  James  Tate, 

John  McDonald. 

The  official  report  of  the  2d  Brigade,  2d  Division, 
made  March  loth,  is  endorsed  as  follows:  15th  Conn, 
Vols. — Killed,  wounded  and  missing,  15  officers,  657 
men;  27th  Mass.  Vols. — Killed,  wounded  and  miss- 
ing, 6  officers,  200  men. 

Col.  Upham,  Adjutant  Rand,  Lieut.  Bowman,  with 
a  few  others,  succeeded  in  getting  clear  of  the  enemy. 
They  escaped  upon  the  extreme  right.  A  singular 
instance  of  providential  interposition  happened  to 
Chaplain  John  B.  Doolittle  during  the  engagement. 
While  sitting  near  the  colors  of  the  right  wing  he 
was  urged  by  Corporal  Hubbard  to  retire  out  of 
range  of  the  enemy's  fire  just  then  becoming  alarm- 
ingly accurate.  The  chaplain  demurred,  claiming  it 
was  his  place  to  be  along-side  "  the  boys  "  but  after 
further  persuasion  reluctantly  fell  back.  A  private 
of  the  27th  Mass.  dropped  into  the  vacant  seat  and 
was  instantly  killed. 

Another  incident  of  this  field  was  the  recovery 
years  afterward  of  a  Bible  lost  on  it  at  that  time.  It 
is  worthy  of  a  place  here.     It  seems  that  Capt.  Mun- 


I  oo        FIFTEENTH  CONNECl TC UT  VOL  UNTEEItS. 

son  of  Co.  K,  being  in  Philadelphia  in  1882,  chanced 
to  pick  np  the  Times,  a  paper  published  in  that 
city  and  saw  this  communication: 

To  the  Editor  of  iJie   Times  : 

I  have  in  my  possession  a  small  pocket  Bible,  wliicli  I  found  in 
a  knapsack  on  the  battlefield  near  Kinston,  N.  C  ,  in  ^larch,  1S65, 
which  has  the  name  of  Henry  S.  Allen,  Co.  I,  15th  Conn.  Vols. 
If  Mr.  Allen  or  any  of  his  friends  or  relatives  should  see  this,  I 
will  take  great  pleasure  in  sending  it  to  them,  if  they  will  give  me 
their  address.  JULIUS  CATCHIN. 

Enfield,  N.  C. 

Capt.  Munson,  who  knew  Allen  well,  forwarded  him 
the  notice.  The  latter's  knapsack  with  all  its  con- 
tents, like  so  many  knapsacks  of  his  comrades,  had 
been  built  into  the  slight  breastwork  in  front  of  him 
with  the  intention  of  resuming  it  when  he  moved, 
but  unfortunately  he  was  so  much  hurried  when 
that  time  came  that  baggage  was  of  no  account. 
Allen  communicated  with  Mr.  Catchin  and  in  due 
course  of  time  received  his  Bible  safe  and  sound. 

Extract  from  ^Ir.  Catchin's  Letter. 
I  found  the  Bible  in  the  possession  of  a  negro  boy  who  was  the 
servant  of  one  of  our  surgeons,  and  I  took  it  from  him.  After 
seeing  what  was  written  on  the  fly  leaves,  I  made  up  my  mind  to 
take  care  of  it,  and,  if  possible,  restore  it  to  its  owner.  I  can  say 
with  pleasure  that  during  the  whole  of  my  life  as  a  soldier,  which 
was  3^  years,  I  never  did  take  from  a  prisoner,  wounded  or  dead, 
a  single  article.     I  felt  that  it  was  wrong,  &c. ,  &c. 

Of  all  the  officers'  swords,  surrendered  at  that  time 
none  was  ever  recovered  except  that  of  Capt.  Davis. 

Concerning  the  escape  of  some  of  the  15th  Conn., 
William  H.  Nichols,  of  Co.  I,  makes  this  statement: 

"  I  was  one  of  the  lucky  ones  that  escaped;  I  often 
think  of  it.  You  must  know  that  I  was  looking 
around  all  the  night  before  to  see  what  I  could  find 
in  the  eating  line  and  I  had  picked  up  a  water  pail  of 
eggs  and  other  notions.     When  the  rebs  flanked  us 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  loi 

I  knew  the  back  roads  so  well  that  I  went  down  one 
of  them  and  struck  on  to  the  old  Hull  road  ahead  of 
all  the  crowd.  Then  I  started  back  to  see  if  I  could 
get  my  knapsack,  for  I  did  not  want  the  Johnnies  to 
get  that,  but  I  had  not  gone  far  before  I  met  the 
crowd  running"  from  the  battle  field  and  they  all 
came  in  a  hurry.  One  of  the  first  was  Loper,  the 
drummer,  and  in  a  short  time  came  Col.  Upham  and 
one  of  his  staff,  I  think  that  he  belonged  to  the  17th 
Mass.;  they  were  both  on  horseback,  and  shortly  after 
came  Color  Sergeant  Hubbard  with  the  old  flag  flutter- 
ing in  the  wind;  to  see  him  you  would  think  that  he 
was  on  parade,  and  the  'Johnnies'  were  sending  the 
'  minnies '  after  him  as  fast  as  they  could,  but  he 
escaped  all  right  with  it." 

Corp.  Hubbard  also  graphically  describes  his 
retreat  from  the  field  with  the  national  color  and 
ascribes  it  to  good  luck  only  that  the  guard  was 
enabled  to  do  it.  Even  when  withdrawn  to  compara- 
tive safety,  he  kept  it  flying  in  the  face  of  the  enemy 
who  used  it  for  a  long  range  target  greatly  to  the 
dismay  of  some  of  the  forces  in  reserve. 

Says  Sergt.  John  E.  Towner,  of  Co.  C.  * "  The 
wounded  as  fast  as  gathered  at  the  mill  were  sent 
back  a  short  distance  to  a  field  hospital  in  the  rear  of 
the  rebel  breastworks.  Here  those  wounds  requiring 
immediate  attention  were  dressed  by  the  Confed- 
erate surgeons.  It  was  at  this  place  that  Palmer,  of 
Co.  B,  had  his  arm  amputated.  Toward  night  we 
were  taken  across  the  creek  and  up  to  Kinston.  We 
were  quartered  in  an  old  building  standing  on  the 
corner  of  the  first  square  after  crossing  the  river. 
Here  all  minor  wounds  were  attended  to  and  the  sur- 
geons were  busy  until  well  along  in  the  night.  As 
fast  as  cared  for  we  were  passed  into  an  upper  room 
to  sleep  on  the  bare  floor  and  fortunate  were  they 
who  had  saved  their  blankets." 

*  Eiary. 


I  o  2        FIFTEENTH  CONN  ECTIV  U  T  VOL  UNTEERS. 

Says  Corp.  S.  H.  French,  of  Co.  E,  *  "  It  took  us 
about  two  hours  to  go  to  Kinston,  distance  four  miles- 
As  we  marched  along  the  boys  kept  joining  us, 
together  with  the  officers.  We  arrived  there  at  4 
p.  m.,  stayed  tintil  6  p.  m.,  when  we  were  put  on  the 
cars  and  started  for  Goldsboro,  where  we  arrived  at  9 
p.  m." 

f  Capt.  White,  speaking  of  the  matter,  says:  "  We 
were  captured  about  i  o'clock  p.  m.  and  taken  to 
Jackson's  ^Mills,  a  strong  position  within  the  rebel 
lines.  While  on  the  wav  there  we  found  some  men 
trying  to  carry  Lieut.  E.  W.  Bishop  in  a  blanket. 
The  guard  gave  us  permission  to  assist  them.  Soon 
after  reaching  the  mill  ]Maj.  Osborne  was  brought  in. 
Capt.  Davis  and  myself  remained  with  Osborne  and 
Bishop  until  an  ambulance  came  for  them  at  half-past 
four.  We  asked  permission  of  Dr.  Mathews,  the  Con- 
federate surgeon,  to  remain  with  them,  which  was 
granted.  We  made  them  comfortable  as  we  could  on 
reaching  Kinston,  and  stayed  by  them  without  a 
guard  until  they  were  put  on  the  train  for  Goldsboro 
next  day." 

This  history  would  not  be  complete  without  allu- 
sion to  the  opinions  of  some  of  its  officers  concern- 
ing the  Kinston  fight.  Quoting  Col.  Tolles,  J ''While 
the  regiment  made  a  good  fight,  considering  the  odds 
against  them,  they  w^ere  unfortunate  in  not  receiving 
the  credit  to  which  the}^  were  justly  entitled.  That 
there  was  mismanagement  no  one  can  deny.  The 
fault,  however,  must  not  rest  with  the  15th.  but  with 
the  officers  in  command  of  the  army.  There  was 
unquestionably  a  lack  of  vigilance  in  that  direction. 
The  15th  was  placed  in  the  advance,  knowing  that 
they  confronted  a  force  of  more  than  double  their 
number,  and  for  fifteen  hours  had  been  contending 
with  that  force.  During  this  time  some  6,000  or  7,000 
men  were  lying  quietly  something  over  a  mile  in  our 


♦Diary.  +  Personal  recollections.  tZe^  Democratic  Lt~:'cr,  1S71. 


\,.  Ji^.  a/^. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION. 


103 


rear,  waiting  for  reinforcements  to  arrive,  pre- 
paratory to  an  attack  on  Kinston,  not  dreaming 
that  there  would  be  any  fighting  of  a  serious  nature, 
till  that  time,  or  that  they  would  be  called  upon 
to  repel  an  attack.  Feeling  thus  secure  the 
safeguards  which  any  careful  general  should  have 
thrown  around  his  army  were  neglected.  This 
neglect  was  the  misfortune  of  the  15th,  and  while  we 
held  the  rebel  forces  long  enough  for  Gen.  Carter  to 
recover  from  his  stupid  blunder  by  concentrating  his 
command,  we  never  received  from  that  officer  the 
credit  which  he  by  courtesy  and  right  should  have 
awarded  us.  Had  Gen.  Hoke  moved  on  the  main 
army  he  would  have  found  them  entirely  unprepared 
to  repel  an  attack  " 

Says  Capt.  White  again:  "  Our  little  isolated  brigade 
which  Hoke  supposed  was  the  main  column,  held  at 
bay  the  entire  rebel  force  composed  of  Hoke's,  Cheat- 
ham's, and  part  of  S.  D.  Lee's  divisions  until  Gens. 
Ruger  and  Palmer  were  apprised  of  the  danger  and  in 
position  to  meet  it.  There  was  not,  and  we  all  knew 
there  was  not  for  us  a  fighting  chance.  The  only 
thing  which  from  the  first  it  had  been  possible  for  us 
to  do  was  to  gain  time  for  the  main  column  to  get  in 
readiness  for  the  assault.  For  a  time  afterwards,  the 
15th  Conn,  ceased  to  exist  as  a  fighting  force  in  the 
field.  It  had  been  placed  in  the  most  trying  position 
which  ever  falls  to  the  lot  of  soldiers,  and  it  had  hero- 
ically held  an  overwhelming  force  of  the  enemy  in 
check  until  his  attack  ceased  to  be  a  surprise." 

Such  was  the  fortune  of  the  Lyon  Regiment.  The 
8th  of  March  is  the  most  memorable  date  in  all  its 
history.*  When  the  day  closed  it  was  on  a  torn  and 
disordered  host;  a  part  was  in  Kinston,  a  part  (the 
larger)  in  Goldsboro,  and  a  part  (Co.  K)  on  the  way 
from  New  Berne  and  rapidly  nearing  Wise's  Forks, 


*The  regiment  received  the  thanks  of  Gen.  Carter  for  its  gallantry  in  Field  Order 
No.  6. 


I04        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

and  it  is  to  the  latter  force  attention  will  be  directed 
before  following  the  fortunes  of  its  imprisoned  com- 
rades. Company  K,  Capt.  Munson,  remained  as  pro- 
vost guard  at  New  Berne  until  relieved  by  the  i6th 
Conn.  This  was  on  March  7th.  On  the  8th,  it  took 
the  cars  at  6  p.  m.  for  Kinston,  going  about  twenty 
miles,  or  so  far  as  the  railroad  was  available,  and 
went  into  camp  in  the  woods.  The  next  morning  a 
march  of  ten  miles  brought  it  to  the  main  army  at 
Wise's  Forks.  On  this  company  the  remnants  of  the 
regiment  rallied,  and  with  its  colonel  and  its  colors 
was  still  a  fighting  organization. 

The  9th  was  spent  by  Carter's  forces  in  throwing 
up  breastworks  along  the  Trent  road  and  other- 
wise protecting  themselves.  Toward  6  o'clock  the 
enemy  furiously  attacked  his  picket  line  but  was 
driven  back  after  several  ineffectual  assaults.  The 
T5th  was  not  engaged.  The  entire  night  was  employed 
by  both  forces  in  preparation  for  the  coming  struggle. 
It  was  impossible  for  the  Union  forces  to  withdraw, 
and  it  was  equally  improbable  that  the  enemy  would 
fail  to  renew  the  assault. 

On  the  loth  the  15th  Conn,  mustered  for  duty  as 
follows:*  Col.  Chas.  L.  Upham;  Lieut.  P.  C.  Rand; 
Capt.  M.  D.  Munson,  of  Co.  K.  Besides  the  above 
officers  there  were  four  others  not  named,  and  219 
enlisted  men. 

There  were  also  31  men  on  special  duty  and  6  in 
the  hospital,  making  a  total  of  263. 

The  loth  opened  cloudy  and  damp.  Rain  had 
fallen  at  intervals  during  the  night  and  the  intense 
darkness  had  been  of  advantage  to  both  sides.  Between 
9  and  10  o'clock  a.  m.  the  rebel  skirmishers  made  their 
appearance.  An  attack  on  the  Union  breastworks  was 
evident  from  their  maneuvering,  and  Gen.  Carter  dis- 
posed his  force  to  meet  it.  The  15th  had  a  place  in 
the  left  centre.     It  was  not  until  noon  that  the  enemy 

*  I\Iornin;<  Report. 


Capt.  Medad   D.  Munson, 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION. 


105 


acquired  sufficient  courage  to  make  a  direct  assault. 
It  began  on  our  left.  This  was  valiantly  repulsed 
with  much  loss  to  them.  The  second  charge  was 
made  on  the  right,  but  with  no  better  results.  After 
a  little  delay,  a  third  attack  more  vicious  than  the 
others  followed  on  the  centre,  but  here  again  the 
defense  was  more  than  equal,  and  the  columns  of  the 
enemy  were  routed  a  third  time.  There  was  no  ques- 
tion of  their  bravery  in  this  attack.  In  spite  of  the 
decimating  fire  they  swarmed  to  the  very  foot  of  our 
breastworks,  unable  to  advance  farther  and  refusing 
to  retreat.  The  Union  forces  were  alike  immovable. 
It  was  as  stubborn  a  bit  of  fighting,  for  an  hour  or  more, 
as  the  most  ambitious  soldier  could  wish.  Our  artillery 
played  no  unimportant  part  in  this  engagement,  send- 
ing in  canister  at  such  short  range  that  it  was  neces- 
sary to  throw  down  a  portion  of  the  breastworks  that 
the  guns  might  do  full  execution.  As  intimated,  the 
attack  failed.  It  was  renewed  again  on  the  left,  and 
also  once  more  on  the  right,  but  both  were  equally 
futile.  During  these  assaults  a  number  of  the  enemy 
voluntarily  came  within  our  lines  and  surrendered. 
Night  put  an  end  to  the  conflict  and  Gen.  Hoke  with- 
drew to  a  safe  distance.  The  15th  sustained  no  loss, 
and  if  Co.  K  did  fail  to  receive  its  share  of  the  enemy's 
fire  on  the  8th,  it  was  amply  made  up  to  it  on  the  loth. 

Lieut.  Goodrich,  of ,  an  aid  on  Gen.  Palmer's 

staff,  thus  relates  what  he  saw  of  the  fight  on  the  loth. 
*  "Where  a  cross  road  ran  up  to  our  line,  I  found  a 
battery  in  position,  but  not  engaged.  Looking  over 
the  breastworks  at  this  point,  I  saw  directly  in  front 
and  not  a  hundred  yards  distant,  a  rebel  brigade 
forming  in  the  woods  for  a  charge.  Turning  to  the 
battery,  I  said,  '  Officer  why  do  you  allow  that  form- 
ation,' pointing  to  the  almost  moving  enemy.  '  Wait- 
ing for  orders,  sir,'  was  the  cool  reply.  'Open 
instantly  with  canister,  by  order  of  Gen.  Palmer,'  I 


*  Personal  recollections. 


io6         FIFTEENTH  GONNEiJTICUT  VOLUNTEEUS. 

shouted  at  a  venture,  and  in  a  moment  more  the 
battery  was  carrying-  death  to  the  storming  column, 
shattering  and  driving  it  to  cover.  Passing  further 
down  the  line,  I  came  unexpectedly  on  Lieut.  Bow- 
man, with  a  remnant  of  the  15th  and  the  national 
color.  It  was  there  I  first  learned  of  the  disaster  to 
our  Idovs." 

The  next  morning  no  opposing  force  was  to 
be  seen.  It  had  fallen  back  on  Kinston,  and  from  the 
ominous  columns  of  smoke  from  burning  supplies 
and  bridges,  it  was  evident  an  evacuation  of  that 
place  was  going  on.  This  was  done  so  hurriedly, 
that  many  rebel  wounded  were  left  behind.  The 
regiment  remained  at  Wise's  Forks  until  the  14th, 
when  it  was  directed  to  occupy  Kinston.  It  moved 
to  the  Neuse  river  in  the  afternoon,  and  attempted 
to  cross  on  rafts.  This  mode  of  navigation  was  not 
found  feasible,  and  a  pontoon  train  was  sent  for  from 
New  Berne.  It  arrived  next  day,  and  all  hands  were 
safely  crossed  about  4  o'clock  and  went  into  camp  on 
the  outskirts  of  the  city.  Dr.  Holcombe  had  pre- 
viously established  a  hospital  in  the  Lenoir  House, 
and  thither  the  sick  were  carried.  Fatigue  parties 
were  detailed,  and  before  midnight  a  very  respectable 
breastwork  enclosed  the  regiment. 

The  following-  paper  was  prepared  by  Capt.  George 
M.  AVhite  in  1887,  and  read  at  the  reunion  that  year. 
It  is  given  entire  : 

Early  in  January,  1865,  it  became  apparent  to  the 
Union  troops  stationed  in  North  Carolina  that  the 
immediate  future  had  something  more  ii"  store  for 
them  to  do  than  holding  a  disused  port  of  entry  dis- 
abled from  blockade  running,  acting  as  provost  guard, 
or  going  on  those  nasty  little  risky,  but  non-glorious 
cotton  stealing  raids  into  the  enemy's  country.  We 
became  gradually  convinced  that  when  we  went  into 
the  interior  next,  we  went  to  carry  the  flag,  and  carry 
it  there  to  stay. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  107 

Many  happening-s  had,  in  the  last  few  months,  all 
been  tending-  to  bring-  us  to  this  conclusion.  Grant 
had  been  holding  Lee  in  and  around  Richmond, 
utterly  powerless,  except  for  the  merest  self-defense, 
iintil  we  knew  that  never  again  would  a  force  be 
detached  from  that  then  under  his  command,  to  cap- 
ture or  even  scare  a  Southern  town  in  Union  hands. 
Terry  had  followed  close  on  the  heels  of  Butler  on  the 
coast  below  us,  and  at  the  very  moment  while  Butler 
was  explaining-  to  Congress  the  impossibility  of  doing 
anything  south  of  Hatteras  Inlet,  had  actually  cap- 
tured Fort  Fisher  and  effectively  sealed  the  port  of 
Wilmington  to  the  south  of  us;  and  wSherman— 
grand  old  William  Tecumseh  !— had  almost  "worked 
himself  out  of  a  job"  by  disemboweling  the  Confed- 
eracy, leaving  it  absolutely  nothing  to  cling  to  either 
on  land  or  sea,  except  its  two  armies  in  the  field, 
under  Lee  and  Johnston,  and  leaving  to  those  two 
armies  so  small  a  field,  that  their  only  possible  hope 
was  to  consolidate  into  one  somewhere  and  begin  a 
new  campaign. 

Where  would  they  consolidate  ?  Would  Lee  remain 
in  Richmond,  and  Johnston  strive  to  unite  with  him  ? 
or  would  Johnston  open  one  of  the  closed  ports,  pos- 
sibly New  Berne,  and  hold  a  position  where  Lee  could 
join  him  ? 

In  either  case  [and  this  was  a  case  which  officers 
in  the  volunteers  discussed  only  in  an  undertone, 
while  the  rank  and  file  discussed  it  everywhere],  we 
were  sure  to  have  lively  times  in  North  Carolina. 

And  we  had  them.  We  were  not  mistaken  in 
divining  that  a  part  of  these  "lively  times"  would 
fall  to  our  portion  whose  lot  it  was  to  operate  from 
the  base  of  New  Berne.  Indications  were  soon  seen 
that  Western  troops,  foot-loose  in  their  old  fields, 
were  likely  to  touch  elbow  with  us  in  future  marches. 

About  the  middle  of  January  the  entire  23d  Army 
Corps,  under  Schofield,  landed  near  Fort  Fisher,  and 


io8        FIFTEENTH  UONNFX'TICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

after  lively  work  there  on  the  line  which  Terry  had 
marked  out,  resulting  in  the  capture  of  Wilmington 
on  February  2 2d,  five  thousand  of  this  force,  under 
Gen.  J.  D.  Cox,  started  via  Morehead  City  for  New 
Berne. 

On  its  arrival,  Cox  superseded  Palmer  in  com- 
mand, and  so  much  of  reorganization  as  was  necessary 
to  an  immediate  forward  movement  of  the  entire 
force,  old  and  newly  arrived,  was  at  once  provided 
for.  The  15th  Conn,  and  27th  Mass.  were  constituted 
the  Second  Brigade,  Second  Division,  District  of 
Beaufort,  and  placed  under  command  of  Col.  Uphara, 
of  the  15th. 

Immense  quantities  of  stores  had  meantime  been 
accumulated  at  New  Berne,  and  on  Thursday,  March 
2d,  the  15th  received  marching  orders.  Cars  were 
taken  at  2  p.  m.  for  Bachelor's  Creek,  which  was  then 
the  terminus  of  the  railroad  leading  to  Kinston,  and 
from  there  we  marched,  after  debarking,  to  Dovers 
Cross  Roads,  a  distance  of  five  miles,  and  encamped 
for  the  night.  The  weather  was  as  unkind  to  us  as 
possible,  and  our  bivouac  for  the  night  was  made  in  a 
cold,  disagreeable  rain. 

The  main  force,  under  Gen.  Cox,  did  not  leave 
New  Berne  until  the  next  day,  and  the  27th  Mass.  had 
not  yet  joined  us.  Friday,  March  3d,  the  15th  broke 
camp  at  8  a.  m.  and  marched  to  Core  Creek,  where  we 
encamped  and  were  joined  by  Battery  C,  3d  N.  Y. 
Light  Artillery.  It  rained  nearly  all  da)^,  but  cleared  up 
towards  evening,  and  our  bivouac  in  light  marching 
order  for  this  night  promised  to  have  less  of  discom- 
fort than  the  last.  We  remained  here  during  vSatur- 
day  and  Sunday,  the  4th  and  5th,  anxiously  expecting 
our  cooks  and  their  accompaniments,  and  finally,  on 
Sunday,  they  arrived.  It  is  a  very  easy  thing  for  a 
soldier  to  march  in  obedience  to  orders  with  "three 
days'  rations  in  haversack,"  as  we  had  on  Thursday, 
March  2d,  but  it  is  not  so  easy  a  thing  to  make  the  old 


Adj.   Philip    C.   Rand. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION. 


109 


haversack  look  tempting  and  inviting  to  the  appetite 
four  days  afterwards.  We  were  all  glad  to  see  the 
company  cooks,  with  their  outfits,  and  to  know  that 
the  Comm.issary  was  along.  Here  the  27th  Mass. 
joined  us,  and  our  Brigade  was  together. 

The  seriousness  of  this  advance,  its  importance, 
and  its  probable  results,  very  evidently  were  felt  by 
all,  and  with  a  determination  not  to  be  remiss  in  any- 
thing which  the  emergency  might  demand.  It  was 
not  an  unusual  thing  to  see  a  soldier  overhauling  his 
personal  belongings,  and  after  due  deliberation, 
throwing  aside,  perhaps,  a  couple  of  ounces  of  some- 
thing which  he  thought  he  might  get  along  without. 
The  two  ounces  so  discarded  were  in  some  instances 
a  Testament,  in  others  a  pack  of  cards;  in  either  case 
the  one  idea  of  the  soldier  was  "how  best  to  get 
there,"  rather  than  "by  what  road." 

On  Monday  morning,  March  6th,  the  15  th  marched 
from  Core  Creek  at  7  a.  m.,  with  four  days'  rations. 
We  held  the  advance  and  marched  easily,  with  an 
hour's  rest  at  noon,  until  7  p.  m.,  when  we  went  into 
camp  near  the  railroad  on  Core  Creek.  A  strong 
picket  detail  from  the  regiment  was  made  and  posted 
before  dark.  This  was  the  Gum  Swamp  region,  and 
the  possibilities  of  guerrillas  were  at  a  premium. 

At  about  noon  on  Tuesday,  March  7th,  the  pickets 
were  called  in,  and  at  i  p.  m.  the  brigade  advanced. 
The  enemy  had  obstructed  the  road  by  felling  trees, 
and  in  all  ways  possible  for  temporary  annoyance. 
About  4  p.  m.  we  had  a  somewhat  lively  skirmish 
with  the  enemy,  in  which  several  of  our  men  were 
wounded,  but,  as  a  result,  we  arranged  our  lines  a  lit- 
tle in  advance  of  the  one  the  enemy  had  selected  for 
us,  and  finally  lay  on  our  arms  for  the  night  with  our 
line  of  skirmishers  within  three  hundred  yards  of 
what  was  ascertained  to  be  the  line  of  the  enemy's 
intrenchments  on  South  West  Creek,  four  and  one- 
half  miles  from  Kinston.     Upham's  Brigade  was  now 


no        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

tog-ether,  the  27th  Mass.  having-  reported  on  Sunday, 
the  5th.  A  battery  of  lig-ht  artillery  and  a  squadron 
of  cavalry  were  supposed  to  be  acting  with  the  bri- 
gade, and  a  portion  at  least  of  each  was  present  and  on 
duty  on  the  night  of  March  7th. 

When  darkness  came  on  that  night,  the  15th  was 
not,  as  a  regiment,  in  proper  order  for  battle.  It  was 
in  proper  order  for  picket  and  observation,  and  that 
was  what  was  required.  Some  four  hundred  western 
recruits  from  Camp  Chattanooga,  which  were  en  route 
to  regiments  then  with  Sherman,  and  which  had  been 
sent  to  New  Berne  as  the  nearest  way  of  reaching 
him,  were  at  this  time  temporarily  incorporated  in 
the  15th,  thirty  or  more  of  them  being  assigned  to 
each  company,  and  two  additional  companies  being 
formed  and  officered  by  detail  from  our  regiment. 
The  presence  of  these  raw  men,  almost  in  equal  num- 
ber with  our  own,  was  in  some  respects  not  an  advan- 
tage. They  knew  little  of  drill  or  discipline,  had,  of 
course,  no  special  pride  in  the  "  15th  C.  V.,"  and 
tended  to  make  the  regiment  more  unwieldy  than  it 
was  comfortable  to  contemplate  if  under  fire.  On 
account  of  this  large  access  of  men.  Col.  Upham 
handled  the  15th  as  two  separate  battalions,  Lieut. - 
Col.  ToUes  in  command  of  the  right  wing,  and  Major 
Osborne  the  left. 

At  sunset  on  March  7th,  the  right  wing  was  on 
duty,  deployed  as  a  heavy  skirmish  line  in  front  of 
the  enemy's  line  of  works  on  the  west  side  of  South 
West  Creek,  and  only  about  three  hundred  yards 
from  the  rebel  guns,  the  line  extending  along  our 
front  on  both  sides  of  the  Dover  road.  The  Left  wing, 
under  Major  Osborne,  was  in  line  about  five  hundred 
yards  in  the  rear  of  the  skirmish  line,  and  to  the  left 
of  and  at  right  angles  with  the  Dover  road.  The  27th 
Mass.  was  formed  on  the  right  of  the  same  road,  and 
the  headquarters  of  Col.  Upham  were  about  one  htm- 
dred   and   fifty  yards  in    the  rear   of  the  27th  Mass. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  1 1  r 

Battery  D,  3d  N.  Y.  Artillery,  Capt.  Cann,  commanded 
the  road  from  a  position  about  on  a  line  with  the  left 
wing  of  the  15th  and  the  27th  Mass.  The  entire  bri- 
gade lay  on  its  arms  the  night  of  March  'zth.  No  fires 
were  permitted,  so  no  coffee  was  possible.  A  tin  cnp, 
however,  never  comes  amiss  to  a  soldier,  and  before 
morning  the  picket  line  was  quite  well  protected  by 
the  "  hole  and  pile  of  dirt  "  which  each  soldier  had 
made  for  himself,  with  his  plate  or  cup  for  a  spade, 
during  the  quiet  hours  of  darkness  w^hen  he  was  a 
good  deal  more  anxious  than  sleepy. 

The  expected  artillery  firing  from  the  rebel  bat- 
teries did  not  open  at  daylight,  and  of  course  we  were 
quite  content  to  keep  cpiiet  if  the  Johnnies  did.  The 
rebel  force,  well  intrenched  in  our  immediate  front  and 
at  very  close  quarters,  was  not  less  than  2,500  men. 
Our  brigade  numbered  less  than  half  as  many.  Our 
nearest  support  was  Carter's  Division,  in  the  vicinity 
of  Wise  Forks,  nearly  two  miles  in  our  rear.  It  will 
thus  be  seen  that  our  entire  brigade  was  really  "on 
picket  "  in  the  very  teeth  of  a  largely  superior  force, 
and  with  no  provision  whatever  made  for  a  support- 
ing force  in  an  emergency.  Crossing  the  Jackson's 
Mills  road,  a  little  in  the  rear  of  our  brigade  and  lead- 
ing to  our  left,  was  the  British  road,  and  on  this,  as 
videttes  guarding  our  left,  was  posted  a  detachment 
of  the  12th  N.  Y.  Cavalry. 

The  morning  passing  quietly,  the  men  not  on  the 
skirmish  line  had  time  for  their  coffee,  and  at  about  7 
o'clock  the  27th  Mass.  was  moved  down  the  British 
road  past  the  rear  of  our  left  wing,  and  formed  across 
that  road  about  half  a  mile  to  our  left  and  a  little  to 
the  rear. 

About  nine  o'clock  the  rebels  opened  with  all  their 
guns,  and  they  made  it  as  lively  for  us  as  they  could 
without  coming  out  of  their  works  and  charging  us. 
Our  guns  replied  spiritedly,  and  our  picket  line  gave 
a  Johnnie  no  chance  to  get  his  head  above  the  breast- 


1 1 2        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOL  UNTEERS. 

works  without  a  crack  at  it.  As  before  stated,  our 
pickets  had  somewhat  protected  themselves  by 
"burrowing"  and  the  casualties  on  our  side  in  this 
very  hot  work  were  far  from  being  so  numerous  as 
seemed  inevitable.  Captain  Bassett  of  Co.  A,  always 
brave  as  the  bravest,  was  brave  to  rashness  here, 
repeatedly  exposing  himself  by  passing  along  the 
line  almost  within  pistol  shot  of  the  enemy,  and  was 
finally  mortally  wounded  by  a  rebel  musket  ball  at 
short  range  and  died  on  the  field.  This  fighting  con- 
tinued without  cessation,  and  at  a  little  past  ii  o'clock 
Col.  Upham  received  intimation  that  he  might  expect 
an  attack  upon  his  left.  He  had  previously  posted 
the  27th  Mass.  on  the  left  of  the  brigade  and  facing 
left,  and  he  now  dispatched  Adjutant  Rand  to 
Major  Osborne  to  at  once  change  front  to  left  with 
his  battalion.  This  was  immediately  done,  and 
almost  simultaneously  with  its  commencement  a 
murderous  volley  burst  upon  us  through  the  thick 
underbrush  from  what  had  just  been  our  left  and 
rear.  Just  then,  and  before  the  movement  had  more 
than  begun,  Major  Osborne  fell  with  a  terrible  wound. 
Men  were  dropping  on  every  side,  and  as  by  far  the 
heaviest  fire  was  coming  from  what  was  but  a  few 
moments  before  our  rear,  it  was  evident  that  the 
enemy  had  got  between  us  and  the  main  column  and 
that  we  were  isolated.  Firing  in  our  former  front 
had  now  entirely  ceased,  and  we  didn't  mind  the 
deprivation  in  the  least.  We  had  enough  to  keep  us 
busy  without  it.  The  four  companies  of  the  left 
wing  behaved  nobly,  western  recruits  and  all,  but  the 
last  change  of  front  was  only  half  change  enough. 
We  were  still  getting  our  hottest  fire  from  left  flank 
and  rear,  and  we  must  either  meet  it  or  surrender,  or 
die  in  our  tracks.  Capt.  White  didn't  like  to  try  any 
more  battalion  drill  according  to  tactics  under  those 
circumstances.  He  had  the  colors  taken  to  the 
remains  of  a  rail  fence  just  in  the  edge  of  the  woods 


00 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  1 1  ^ 

in  front  of  what  had  been  our  position  faced  the  other 
way  a  half  hour  before,  and  gave  the  order  to  "  rally 
behind  the  fence."  The  western  recruits  were  the 
first  to  get  there,  and  all  were  there  in  less  than  "  one 
time  and  three  motions."  There  was  a  lull  for  a 
moment ;  we  were  now  faced  sc[uarely  to  our  former 
rear.  Col.  Bartholomew  and  many  of  the  27th  Mass. 
now  joined  us,  coming  in  from  what  was  now  our 
right  and  rear,  but  the  Johnnies  gave  us  but  little 
respite.  All  this  fighting  of  the  left  wing  had  been 
in  woods  and  underbrush,  and  that  had  been  very 
greatly  to  our  advantage.  The  rebels  could  not  tell 
what  force  was  opposing  them  except  as  they  judged 
by  our  fire,  and  we  had  made  that  lively  enough  to 
please  the  most  fastidious.  Had  our  brigade  been 
similarly  posted  in  an  open  field  on  this  occasion, 
Hoke's  Division  would  have  marched  over  us  without 
giving  us  a  thought  and  attacked  the  main  column. 
This  he  really  thought  he  was  doing,  owing  to  our 
stubborn  resistance.  We  now,  with  what  was  left  of 
the  27th  Mass.  in  line  with  us,  gave  the  rebs  another 
fusilade,  and  kept  them  at  bay  for  some  little  time. 
It  was  terribly  plain,  however,  that  when  they  should 
gather  courage  for  one  more  rush  forward  all  would 
be  up  with  us,  and  Capt.  White,  thinking  there  might 
possibly  be  a  chance  for  the  right  wing  to  escape 
across  the  railroad  in  the  direction  of  the  Neuse 
River,  dispatched  the  color  bearers  to  Col.  Tolles  with 
the  regimental  colors,  hoping  thereby  to  save  them 
from  capture.  By  this  means  the  colors  were  gotten 
away  from  what  was  at  that  moment  the  thickest  of 
the  fight,  although  Corp.  George  W.  Manville,  of  Co. 
E,  received  his  death  wound  while  making  the  effort. 
But  the  hoped-for  avenue  of  escape  for  the  right  wing 
was  closed,  as  Col.  Tolles  soon  found  when  he  moved 
towards  the  railroad.  We  were  completely  hemmed 
in  on  all  sides,  and  actually  prisoners  of  war  though 
we  had  not  surrendered,  and  were  still  fighting. 


1 1 4        FIFTEENTH  CONN  EC  TIC  UT  VOL  UNTEEIiS. 

The  last  stand  made  by  the  left  wing  and  the  27th 
Mass.  combined  was  simple  desperation.  There  was 
not,  and  we  all  knew  there  was  not,  for  us,  a  fighting 
chance.  The  only  thing  which  from  the  first  it  had 
been  possible  for  us  to  do  was  to  gain  time  for  the 
main  column  to  get  in  readiness  for  the  rebel  assault. 
We  did  this  so  effectively  as  to  entirely  defeat  the 
plan  of  Gen.  Hoke,  which  was  to  take  Cox's  main 
column  by  surprise  and  drive  it  back  in  disorder  to 
New  Berne. 

Our  little  isolated  brigade,  which  Hoke  supposed 
was  the  main  column,  held  at  bay  the  entire  rebel 
force,  composed  of  Hoke's,  Cheatham's  and  part  of 
S.  D.  Lee's  divisions,  until  the  divisions  of  Ruger  and 
Palmer  were  thoroughly  apprised  of  the  danger  and 
in  position  to  meet  it.  It  was  then  too  late  for  the 
rebels  to  do  more  than  reconnoiter  for  position,  and 
when  they  resumed  the  attack  on  the  next  day  they 
found  Cox's  two  divisions  entirely  ready  to  receive 
them. 

At  our  last  stand  we  poured  a  lively  volley  into 
the  Johnnies  at  close  quarters,  which  staggered  their 
column  a  little,  only  to  bring  it  on  with  a  more  furi- 
ous rush  when  it  rallied,  and  then,  as  we  well  knew 
would  be  the  case,  they  marched  over  us  in  howling 
hordes  and  we  were  prisoners  of  war.  Capt.  Bassett, 
of  Co.  A,  was  dead  from  a  gunshot  wound,  Major 
Osborne  and  Lieut.  Bishop  were  both  mortally 
wounded,  twenty-six  men  of  the  15th  Conn.,  and  the 
western  recruits  assigned  temporarily  to  it  were  dead 
or  dying,  and  more  than  forty  others  were  wounded 
so  as  to  be  utterly  helpless  as  prisoners  of  war. 

For  a  time  the  15th  Conn,  ceased  to  exist  as  a 
fighting  force  in  the  field.  It  had  been  placed  in  the 
most  trying  position  which  ever  falls  to  the  lot  of 
soldiers,  and  it  had  heroically  held  an  overwhelming 
force  of  the  enemy  in  check  until  his  attack  ceased  to 
be  a  surprise,  and  he  was  compelled  to  meet  well  pre- 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UJVION.  u^ 

pared  Union  troops  on  equal  terms  and  get  most 
soundly  whipped. 

Then  began  our  experience  as  prisoners  of  war, 
and  it  is  safe  to  say  that  never  a  regiment  marched 
into  captivity  with  a  better  right  to  feel  that  it  had 
done  its  duty  heroically  and  well.  The  fault,  if  fault 
it  was,  of  posting  our  brigade  where  a  rebel  force  of 
fifteen  thousand  men  could  come  between  it  and  the 
main  column  and  attack  from  the  rear,  was  certainly 
not  the  fault  of  our  brigade,  or  of  its  colonel  command- 
ing. 

No  regiment  m  the  service  ever  had  better  reason 
for  voluntarily  surrendering  to  an  enemy  in  over- 
whelming force  than  did  the  15th  at  South  W^est 
Creek,  but  the  idea  of  surrender  was  never  for  a 
moment  entertained,  either  by  officers  or  men.  The 
determination  was  general  to  stand  in  the  way  of 
rebel  advance  just  as  long  as  possible,  to  make  no 
sign  of  weakness  or  surrender,  and  to  cease  fighting 
only  when  our  arms  had  been  forced  out  of  our  hands 
by  overwhelming  numbers.  This  we  did,  to  the  sac- 
rifice of  ourselves,  indeed,  but  that  in  a  spirit  as 
heroic  as  ever  can  animate  a  soldier. 

Individual  instances  of  bravery  might  be  men- 
tioned almost  without  limit,  but  to  mention  some  to 
the  exclusion  of  others  would  be  invidious.  One,  how- 
ever, may  certainly  be  named,  as  typical  of  all,  with- 
out doing  injustice  to  any.  Lieut.  Edwan  Bishop, 
whose  aged  and  enfeebled  father  still  lives  in  this 
city,  was  acting  adjutant  of  the  15th,  during  this  en- 
gagement, Lieut.  Rand  being  Acting  Assistant  Ad- 
jutant General  of  the  brigade.  When  Col.  Tolles 
found  it  necessary  to  move  his  skirmish  line  by  the 
right  towards  the  railroad,  it  necessarily  devolved  on 
Lieut.  Bishop  to  convey  the  order.  To  do  this  he 
had  to  pass  over  open  ground  which  had  all  day  been 
mercilessly  swept  by  the  rebel  infantry  fire  at  short 
range,  and  where  Capt.   Bassett  got  his  death  wound 


1 1 6        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTIC  UT  VOL  UXTEEBS. 

in  the  forenoon.  Bishop  went  with  all  the  alacrity 
and  cheerfulness  he  would  on  an  errand  of  pleasure, 
and  even  when  the  rebel  bullet  pierced  his  spine  and 
laid  him  helpless  where  no  aid  could  reach  hiin,  his 
cheerfulness  did  not  desert  him.  All  that  afternoon, 
until  his  captured  comrades  carried  him  to  the  old 
mill  within  the  rebel  lines,  and  until  two  days  after- 
ward they  were  compelled  to  leave  him  lying  on  the 
floor  of  the  Fair  Ground  Hospital,  in  Goldsboro,  in 
the  tender  care  of  his  captors,  he  conversed  as  cheer- 
fully as  if  he  was  unharmed,  although  he  well  knew 
that  he  had  but  a  few  days,  probably  but  a  few  hours, 
to  live.  In  those  fearful  hours  of  inisery  he  won  the 
admiration  of  every  one  of  his  comrades,  who  were 
permitted  to  grasp  his  hand  in  a  last  farewell  by  the 
calm  cheerfulness  with  which  he  faced  the  death  he 
knew  was  inevitable. 

And  so  of  all  the  many  who  there  got  their  death 
or  were  maimed  for  life. 

Eastern  North  Carolina  was  now  rapidly  evacu- 
ated by  the  rebel  forces.  The  army  had  fallen 
back  to  Raleigh.  On  the  13th,  Gen.  Carter  issued 
the    following,    a    special    copy    of    which   was    sent 

to  Col.  Upham: 

Headquarters  2D  Division, 

District  of  Beaufort, 
In  the  Field,  N.  C,  March  13,  1865. 
General  Field  Orders,  } 
No.  5.  f 

The  General  commanding  desires  to  express  his  thanks  to  the 
officers  and  men  of  his  command  for  their  gallantry  in  the  action 
of  the  loth  inst. ,  which,  with  the  co-operation  of  a  portion  of  the 
brave  men  of  the  23d  Corps,  repulsed  a  severe  attack  of  the  enemy 
who  advanced  in  superior  force  confident  of  turning  our  left. 
The  veteran  troops  of  Sherman's  army  and  the  old  army  of  the 
Potomac  vied  with  each  other  in  coolness  and  steadiness,  while 
the  recruits  who  were  for  the  first  time  under  fire  exhibited  a 
spirit  of  emulation  which  promises  to  make  them  the  equals  of  the 
veterans  of  so  many  fields. 

By  command  of 

BRIG.  GEN.  S.  P.  CARTER. 

H.  H.  Thomas,  A.  A.  G. 


Lieut.   Edwin    W.   Bishop. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  ny 

On  the  i8th,  Gen.  Cox  issued  an  order*  trans- 
ferring the  15th  Conn,  from  the  2d  Division 
under  Carter,  to  the  ist  Division  under  Palmer. 
It  was  charged  with  provost  duty  in  Kinston.  The 
boys  set  about  making  themselves  comfortable,  and 
to  this  end,  camp  was  moved  two  or  three  times,  at 
last  (May  i8th),  establishing  itself  on  the  John  C. 
Washington  estate,  a  magnificent  site  overlooking 
the  village  of  Kinston. 

A  memorandum  made  by  a  comrade  f  at  the 
occupation  of  this  place,  reveals  an  ebb  tide  in 
commissary  stores.  He  writes,  "  Our  rations  now 
are  ^Ib.  salt  pork,  four  hard  tack,  a  spoonful  of  coffee 
and  a  spoonful  of  sugar."  Feeling  the  need  of  some- 
thing more  substantial,  he  and  three  companions, 
on  the  17th  did  a  little  foraging  on  their  own  account, 
bringing  into  camp  9  hams,  2  doz.  eggs,  i  peck  meal, 
and  a  gallon  of  sorghum  molasses.  [It  is  not  to  be 
supposed  this  was  the  only  instance  of  the  kind 
around  Kinston]. 

The  duties  of  the  regiment  were  not  arduous.  They 
were  mainly  guard  and  police  duties.  The  rail- 
road bridge  was  repaired,  and  within  a  week  after 
the  occupation  of  the  city  trains  were  regularly  run- 
ning to  New  Berne.  The  boys  built  roomy  quarters 
for  themselves  and  under  the  soothing  warmth  of  the 
spring  sun  grew  fat  and  lazy. 

Says    Beckleyjof April  ist:  "To-day  Scott  and 

myself  built  a  frame,  and  with  the  use  of  sotne 
'secesh'  boards  which  we  'drew'  and  our  shelter 
tents,  made  us  a  comfortable  little  house  8  feet  square 
and  high  enough  to  stand  up  in.  Made  a  bunk  wide 
enough  for  two  on  which  we  placed  two  ticks  filled 
with  corn  husks.  Have  a  floor  and  door  of  good  size. 
For  furniture  we  have  a  writing  desk,  a  chair,  a  stool 
and  some  shelves." 

*  Special  No.  lo.  +  G.  W.  Smith  of  K.  %  Diary. 


CHAPTER   X. 

GOLDSBORO,    N.     C. — DEPARTURE     OF     THE     PRISONERS     FOR 

RICHMOND WELDON CLOVER  STATION SALISBURY 

DEATH       OF      LIEUT.      BISHOP DANVILLE DEATH        OF 

MAJOR   OSBORNE  — CORPORAL  PHILLIPS RICHMOND  AND 

LIBBY   PRISON PAROLE  OF  THE   15TH. 

To  return  to  March  8th.  The  15th  was  taken  by 
its  captors  in  squads  to  Kinston  during  the  after- 
noon and  there  "rounded  up."  All  except  the 
severely  wounded  and  a  few  allowed  to  remain  with 
them  were  put  on  board  a  train  for  Goldsboro,  N.  C; 
and  arrived  there  about  9  o'clock  in  the  evening. 
The  prisoners  were  coralled  in  the  Fair  Grounds,  an 
open  lot  surrounded  by  a  high  board  fence  and  a  line 
of  guards.  The  night  was  cold  and  rainy,  and  the 
captives  suffered  bitterly.  Stripped  of  everything  on 
the  field,  many  had  neither  overcoat  nor  blanket.  So 
much  remonstrance  was  made  at  this  cruelty  that  a 
portion  was  finally  taken  to  the  Court  House  and 
sheltered.  This  was  accomplished  through  the 
humanity  of  some  of  the  citizens  of  Goldsboro.  On 
the  way  even  from  the  depot  to  the  Fair  Grounds  the 
women  came  out  from  many  of  the  residences,  spoke 
to  our  men  kindly  and  in  some  instances  gave  them 
rolls  of  bandages.  They  also  carried  a  warm  break- 
fast to  some  the  next  morning.  In  a  few  instances 
these  ladies  took  home  the  raw  rations  issued  to  the 
prisoners,  cooked  and  returned  them  with  such  addi- 
tions as  they  were  able  to  make.  It  was  an  unex- 
pected kindness. 

During  the  forenoon  of  the  next  day  the  wounded 
arrived  from  Kinston.  On  the  luorning  before  start- 
ing, the  citizens   visited   the   place  where   the}^  were 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  ^^^ 

confined,  with  a  breakfast  of  coffee,  bean  soup  and 
corn  bread.  *  They  showed  their  sympathy  in  vari- 
ous other  ways,  and  assisted  them  in  getting-  on  the 
train.  On  reaching-  Goldsboro  a  portion  was  taken 
to  the  Fair  Grounds  and  the  remainder  to  the  Court 
House.  Major  Osborne,  Lieut.  Bishop,  Corp.  Man- 
ville  and  private  Spencer  were  taken  in  a  springless 
wagon  without  bed  or  blanket  to  the  former  place. 
On  the  way  there  a  hotel  was  passed,  from  the  bal- 
cony of  which  a  company  of  southern  ladies  (?) 
reviled  and  insulted  the  bleeding  men.  At  the  Court 
House  were  Col.  Tolles  and  eight  line  officers  of  the 
15th,  together  with  a  few  privates,  and  some  of  the 
27th  Mass.  and  12th  N.  Y.  The  sun  came  out  at  noon 
and  dried  the  shivering  wretches  a  little  ;  a  ration 
consisting  of  a  pint  of  meal,  a  few  dried  peas  and  five 
ounces  of  bacon  per  man  was  issued,  and  the  Con- 
federacy rested. 

Toward  night  transportation  was  provided  and 
most  of  the  prisoners  were  hustled  on  board  cars  for 
Weldon.  Only  the  ill  and  wounded  remained  behind. 
Leaving  the  latter  therefore,  for  the  present  we 
follow  the  fortunes  of  the  larger  body.  The  dis- 
tance from  Goldsboro  to  Weldon  is  seventy-eight 
miles  ;  it  was  reached  about  4  o'clock  a.  m.  and 
at  sunrise  the  passengers  were  unloaded  in  an  open 
lot  partially  provided  with  tents.  Three  days"  rations 
were  issued  and  though  it  rained  heavily,  the  boys 
managed  to  exist.  A  few,  principally  the  officers, 
took  up  their  quarters  in  an  old  church, f  cooking 
their  scanty  meals  in  a  small  stove  in  front  of  the 
pulpit.  Considerable  trading  was  done  at  this  place; 
a  dozen  eggs  brought  $10.00,  and  a  small  piece  of  corn 
bread,  $5.00. 

Capt.  White  was  wont  to  relate  with  much  pleas- 
ure his  experience  in  "bulldozing"  a  rebel  guard  at 

*Mosher.  +  Capt.  White. 


I20        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

this  place.  He  went  one  morning  to  fill  several  can- 
teens with  water  from  the  railroad  tank.  There  was 
a  guard  of  only  one  man  posted  at  that  point.  Capt. 
White  represented  to  this  custodian  that  he  was  very- 
lame  and  unable  to  climb  the  ladder  to  the  tank.  After 
a  few  minutes'  parley  with  this  representative  of 
the  Confederacy,  he  persuaded  him  to  let  him  (White) 
hold  his  musket  while  he  (the  guard)  filled  the  can- 
teens, as  an  accommodation.  Up  went  the  guard,  and 
the  canteens  were  speedily  filled,  but  as  the  fellow 
was  about  to  descend,  Capt.  White  called  a  "halt," 
and  threatened  to  "  blow  a  hole "  through  him  if 
he  moved  another  inch.  When  he  had  kept  him  up 
there  a  suihcient  time,  he  was  allowed  to  come 
down.  He  received  his  gun  very  meekly;  neither 
did  he  dare  report  the  matter,  for  fear  of  the  con- 
sequences to  himself  for  giving  up  his  arms  while 
on  duty. 

On  Sunday,  March  12th,  all  hands  were  roused 
at  4  a.  m.  and  put  on  board  the  cars  for  Gaston,  N.  C, 
and  thence  to  Clarksville  (or  Masons)  Junction. 
Here  all  took  to  their  feet  and  after  marching  about 
eight  miles  went  into  camp  in  the  Pine  woods  along- 
side of  the  railroad.  It  was  at  this  point  that  Capt. 
White  and  Lieut.  Linsley  made  their  escape.  [See 
later  account].  The  march  was  resumed  next  morn- 
ing and  twelve  miles  or  thereabouts  were  made  during 
the  day,  which  brought  the  detachment  into  Clarks- 
ville toward  evening.  Bivouac  was  established  near 
the  village,  the  officers  being  quartered  in  an  old 
school-house*  nearby. 

The  guard  for  the  night  was  a  detail  from  the  12th 
N.  C,  and  it  vented  its  spite  by  establishing  an 
imaginary  "dead  line"  around  the  prisoners  and 
then  knocking  over  several  of  them  when  some  dis- 
tance from  it.f     It  was  here  also  that  Mrs.  Mahone, 

*  Capt.  P.radley.  +  Griffin. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  121 

wife  of  the  rebel  general,  with  her  twin  boys,  came 
down  "to  see  the  Yanks."* 

The  march  was  taken  tip  on  the  public  hig-hway 
the  next  morning-  (14th)  about  8  o'clock,  and  nineteen 
miles  were  covered  during  the  day.  Camp  was 
pitched  at  night  in  the  sand  at  a  place  called 
"  Nichols  Ferry,"  near  a  saw-mill  owned  by  a  Union 
man  on  the  bank  of  the  Dan  River.  The  next  morn- 
ing all  were  ferried  across  the  river  in  small  boats, 
but  only  a  five  mile  tramp  had  been  made  when  a 
halt  was  ordered  at  Wolf  Trap  station  near  a  railroad. 
Here  the  column  spent  twenty-four  hours  waiting  for 
rations  to  come  up  (which  were  issued  of  pork  and 
flour  at  noon)  and  then  started  on.  Ten  miles  were 
covered  during  the  afternoon  through  one  of  the 
worst  storms  of  wind  and  rain  common  to  North 
Carolina.  French  f  says  the  camp  was  pitched  that 
night  in  a  swamp  at  a  place  called  Clover  Station,  and 
that  the  mud  was  three  feet  deep  and  the  night  so 
dark  they  had  to  shut  their  eyes  to  see  anything. 
Friday,  the  17th,  rations  were  again  issued  and  that 
day  the  weary  column  strtick  the  Roanoke  river,  cross- 
ing it  on  a  long  bridge  considerably  the  worse  for  the 
hammering  it  had  recently  received  from  Sheridan's 
guns  during  a  raid.  There  was  a  large  fort  at  this 
point  mounted  with  field-pieces  of  a  light  calibre. 
At  this  point  the  officers  J  were  detached  from  the 
main  body  and  sent  by  cars  to  Richmond. 

It  was  now  (March  18)  the  eleventh  day  of  their 
captivity.  Heretofore,  the  guard  had  been  composed  of 
"The  Senior  Reserves  of  North  Carolina,"  but  it  was 
now  exchanged  for  a  portion  of  the  23d  and  26th 
"Battalions  of  Virginia."  The  new  guard  conducted 
matters  more   in   accordance   with    military  usages. 


*  French.  +  Diary. 

$Col.  Samuel  ToUes,  Capt.  R.  O.  Bradley,  Capt.  William  C.  Burgess,  Capt. 
Theodore  R.  Davis,  Capt.  Reuben  Waterman,  Capt.  ^r.  A.  Biulricks,  Lieut.  Newell 
F.  Burritt,  Lieut.  August  Rodrigniz,  Lieut.  Gray,  Lieut.  Beach. 


122        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

and  was  better  liked  by  the  boys.  This  guard  had 
recently  been  exchanged,  having  had  a  brief  taste  of 
Northern  prisons,  and  was  disposed  to  be  as  lenient  as 
possible. 

Fourteen  miles  were  made  on  the  17th;  thenextday 
17  miles  more,  and  on  the  20th,  they  struck  the  Rich- 
mond and  Danville  railroad  at  a  point  where  the 
"Southside  Turnpike  "  intersected  it.  vSeventeen  miles 
were  added  to  the  list  on  that  day. 

March  21st,  Amelia  Court  House,  36  miles  from 
Richmond  was  passed  by  the  column,  which  continued 
on  to  Nottoway  Depot,  where  camp  was  made  and 
rations  issued.  Here  a  fort  was  constructed  with 
eight  small  field-pieces.  The  procession  was  now 
nearing  Richmond.  On  the  2  2d  the  boys  were  marched 
20  miles  in  ten  stages  of  two  miles  each,  and  went  into 
camp  six  miles  from  the  rebel  capital.  The  guards 
began  to  increase  their  vigilance  and  the  boys  were 
made  to  understand  the  difference  between  captors 
and  captured.  The  next  morning  an  easy  march 
brought  them  to  Manchester  on  the  opposite  side  of 
the  river  from  Richmond,  and  at  half  past  9  a.  m., 
March  23d  (15  days  from  Kinston),  Libby  Prison  opened 
its  doors  to  receive  them. 

What  a  fortune  of  war  !  How  widely  different  from 
any  expectation  !  Instead  of  a  component  part  of 
that  glorious  "  300,000  more  "  raised  in  1862  to  lift 
rebellion  off  the  face  of  the  earth,  here  was  New 
Haven  county's  choice  regiment  which  had  threat- 
ened so  many  times  (in  song)  to  "hang  Jeff.  Davis  on 
a  sour  apple  tree,"  tumbled  neck  and  heels  into  a 
filthy  prison,  robbed  of  its  possessions,  treated  as 
a  body  of  criminals,  fed  like  beasts,  and  covered  with 
vermin  !     But  wait  !  ! 

Rations  of  meal  and  bacon  were  furnished  during 
the  afternoon,  and  woolen  blankets  issued  (one  for 
two  men)  to  such  as  had  none.     The  men  were  quar- 


Capt.   Robert  0.   Bradley. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  123 

tered  on  the  second  floor  of  the  prison.  The  two  follow- 
ing days  passed  without  interest,  but  on  the  26th,  their 
paroles  were  ready.  Early  in  the  morning  of  that  day 
they  were  placed  on  board  transports  and  under  a  flag 
of  truce  sent  down  the  James  river  to  Chapin's  Farm. 
The  Union  headquarters  was  at  Aiken's  Landing,  some 
three  miles  across  the  neck.  This  distance  was 
quickly  covered  on  foot.  The  steamers  New  York 
and  Manhattan  were  in  waiting,  and  at  2.30  p.  m.  the 
boys  were  en  route  for  Annapolis.  They  complained 
bitterly  of  the  crowded  condition  of  the  boats,  but 
were  consoled  by  plentiful  rations  of  "  hard-tack  and 
coffee,"  which  the  Confederacy  had  been  unable  to 
furnish.  They  reached  "Camp  Parole"  March  27th, 
about  2  o'clock  p.  m.  The  complete  destruction  of 
all  their  clothing  was  at  once  ordered  by  the  author- 
ities and  new  suits  were  issued  later.  Later,  greatly 
to  the  surprise  of  the  men,  they  found  these  suits 
charged  to  their  account. 

Col.  Upham  at  once  instituted  an  inquiry  *  con- 
cerning it,  but  was  met  with  the  declaration  that  the 
Government  did  not  assume  to  clothe  paroled  prisoners 
unless  at  the  latter's  expense.  The  Government, 
through  its  agents,  ordered  the  destruction  of  the  old 
garments  and  then  refused  to  supply  the  new.  It  is 
possible  that  each  paroled  man  so  treated  has  a  valid 
claim  at  the  present  time. 

To  complete  the  narrative  of  this  journey  from 
Kinston  to  Richmond,  we  must  return  a  moment  to 
Weldon,  N.  C.  On  the  eve  of  setting  out  from  that 
place,  Corp.  Griffin  of  E,  and  a  member  of  the  27th 
Mass.  were  chosen  as  commissaries  by  our  men  and 
to  them  were  issued  the  rations  furnished  during  the 
march.  With  great  c^re  Griffin  has  preserved  a  com- 
plete list  of  his  comrades.  It  will  be  seen  they  were 
almost   a   regiment    in    number.       No    other    record 

♦See  Upham's  letter  to  Col.  F.  D.  Sewall,  coiiiinanciinK  Post. 


124 


FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 


exists   of    this  body,  not  even  in  the  department  at 
Washington. 


Squad. 

Men. 

Co. 

Regiment. 

Daily 
Meat  Rations. 

Daily 
Meal  Ration. 

I 

29 

D 

27tli  Mass. 

TO  lbs. 

15  qts. 

2 

8o 

D 

15th  Conn. 

27     " 

40     • 

3 

73 

I 

" 

24     " 

36     ' 

4 

58 

E 

" 

19     " 

29     ' 

5 

37 

F  and  L 

" 

12       " 

18     ' 

6 

76 

A 

25       " 

38     ' 

7 

lO 

D 

i7tli  Mass. 

3     " 

5     ' 

8 

88 

C 

15th  Conn. 

29     " 

44    ' 

9 

23 

H 

27fh  Mass. 

23     " 

II     ' 

lO 

46 

B 

15th  Conn. 

15     " 

23     ' 

II 

57 

G 

" 

19     " 

28      ' 

12 

32 

EandH 

27th  Mass. 

II     " 

16     ' 

13 

26 

C 

" 

9    " 

13     ' 

14 

15 

G 

" 

5     " 

7    ' 

15 

i6 

F 

" 

5     " 

8    ' 

i6 

30 

Band  I 

" 

10     " 

15     ' 

17 

64 

H 

15th  Conn. 

21     " 

32    ' 

l8 

64 

H 

12th  N.  Y. 

21     " 

32     ' 

19 

22 

E 

9th  N.  J. 

7    " 

II     ' 

20 

22 

Officers 

7     " 

II     ' 

868 

This  makes  a  total  of  579  men  of  the  15th.  Conn. 
In  the  squad  of  the  wounded  sent  to  Salisbury  prison 
there  were  between  forty  and  fifty,  who  taken  with 
those  wounded  early  in  the  fig'ht  and  carried  to  our 
own  hospitals,  together  with  the  killed,  closely  con- 
firms Col.  Upham's  official  report. 

Having  followed  the  officers  and  the  main  part  of 
the  regiment  to  Annapolis,  let  us  turn  back  to  the 
disabled  prisoners  left  at  Goldsboro.  On  Saturday 
the  report  reached  the  rebel  authorities  that  Gen. 
Slocum  was  within  eighteen  miles  of  Goldsboro.  A 
train  was  made  up  without  delay  and  the  prisoners 
put  on  board.  Raleigh  was  reached  at  midnight  and 
after  a  short  stop  it  proceeded  on   its  way  to  Salis- 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  125 

bury.  Sunday  was  spent  in  the  cars.  There  was 
lack  of  water  on  the  train  and  insufficient  room,  and 
with  the  growing  painfulness  of  their  wounds  the 
boys  grew  cross  and  highly  uncomplimentary  to  their 
guards.  Salisbury  was  reached  at  sunset.  When  the 
train  stopped,  a  number  of  colored  women  boarded  it 
with  milk,  corn  bread,  biscuit,  etc.,  which  by  order  of 
their  mistresses  they  handed  our  men,  on  the  suppo- 
sition they  were  Confederate  soldiers.  The  mistake 
was  not  discovered  until  the  supply  was  exhausted. 
"Good  Lawd,  missus  !"  said  a  fat  auntie,  "  Good  Lawd! 
these  are  Yanks  ;"  but  it  was  too  late.* 

All  hands  were  taken  to  the  prison  stockade  and 
put  in  three  small  buildings  about  12  x  16  each. 
These  were  fitted  up  with  bunks  but  no  bedding.  A 
fire  was  burning  in  each.  Their  companions  in  this 
miserable  place  were  about  five  hundred  prisoners 
from  Sherman's  army,  rough  fellows  but  good 
hearted.  These  made  a  detail  of  themselves  as 
nurses  for  our  boys  and  cared  for  them  in  every  way 
with  such  means  as  could  be  had.  The  surgeon  in 
charge  was  a  gruff  old  fellow  without  feeling  or  sym- 
pathy for  his  patients. 

Rations  were  issued  of  rye  coffee,  rye  bread 
and  rice  soup.  To  their  everlasting  disgrace  be  it 
said  that  at  this  time  some  of  the  men  (recruits) 
offered  themselves  as  deserters  and  were  let  out  of 
the  pen,  their  comrades  jeering  them  as  they  went. 
On  the  15th  the  prison  supplies  began  to  fall  short, 
and  the  rations  of  the  well  men  were  cut  down  one-half; 
the  wounded  continued  to  draw  meals  as  before, 
though  so  meagre  and  poor  as  barely  to  sustain  life. 

It  was  a  hard  spot.  Those  not  so  severely  disabled 
though  suffering  for  ever}'  comfort,  managed  to  hold 
their  own  and  even  gain  a  little.  Not  so  with  a  few 
others,  among  them  Lieut.  Edwin  W.  Bishop,  Maj. 
Osborne    and    Corp.   Manville,   of   the    Color   Guard. 

*  Mosher. 


T26        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

Says  Towner,  *  "  I  went  to  see  Lieut.  Bishop,  who 
was  in  the  next  building  and  found  him  lying  on  a 
stretcher  propped  up  with  blankets.  He  seemed 
cheerful  and  said  he  was  trying  to  pull  through. 
I  have  thought  since  that  the  brave  fellow  was  trying 
to  cheer  up  the  others  and  knew  his  own  condition 
was  hopeless.  Maj.  Osborne  was  beside  him.  *  * 
*  *  Lieut.  Bishop  died  at  8  o'clock,  Friday 
evening,  March  17.  A  coffin  was  procured  and  he 
was  buried  within  the  stockade.  His  name  was  cut  in 
a  board  by  an  officer  of  a  Western  regiment,  which 
was  placed  at  the  head  of  his  grave.  *  *  *  * 
Corp.  Manville  died  on  the  21st  and  was  buried  in 
like  manner.  Everything  was  swarming  with  ver- 
min. It  was  impossible  to  be  clean.  Thousands  and 
thousands  of  prisoners  had  occupied  that  dreary 
place,  shelter  had  been  scarce  and  the  entire  area  of 
the  stockade  was  burrowed  and  re-burrowed  with  cel- 
lars, ovens  and  passages,  while  overhead  the  clay  had 
been  rudely  shaped  into  low  huts  that  would  hold  two 
men  lying  side  by  side.  To  such  extremities  for  cov- 
ering were  the  prisoners  forced. 

During  the  stay  of  our  boys  at  this  "retreat,"  it 
was  the  custom  evenings  for  the  Confederate  brass 
band  stationed  just  outside  the  stockade  to  favor  the 
citizens  with  music.  This  was  the  signal  for 
''Sherman's  bummers,"  as  the  prisoners  were  called, 
to  set  up  a  counter  attraction  by  singing  Northern 
songs  and  otherwise  making  such  a  racket  as  fre- 
quently to  break  up  the  concert. 

From  the  20th  to  the  2 2d,  the  rebel  authorities 
were  busy  getting  out  paroles,  and  on  the  afternoon 
of  the  latter  day,  the  prisoners  were  ordered  to  fall 
in  for  transportation  to  the  Union  lines.  The  medi- 
cal authorities  were  unwilling  some  of  the  worst 
cases  should  go  (among  them  Major  Osborne),  but 
were  finally  overcoine,  and  it  is  thought  every  man 
was  put  on  board  the  train.  Sergt.  Towner  *  mentions 


THE  DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION.  127 

that  in  passing  along  the  street  to  the  railroad 
station  they  met  the  young  surgeon  who  attended 
them  from  Goldsboro,  and  gave  him  a  genuine 
"  Yankee  cheer "  in  appreciation  of  his  kindness. 
The  train  was  made  up  of  freight  and  passenger  cars. 
The  prisoners  w^ere  compelled  to  ride  in  the  former 
and  lie  on  the  floors.  They  rolled  along  all  night, 
and  in  the  morning  were  at  Greensboro.  Here 
they  were  unloaded  and  taken  to  an  open  field  about 
a  mile  in  the  rear  of  the  city  to  spend  the  night. 
Trouble  arose  between  them  and  their  guards  at  this 
place,  because  the  latter  refused  to  extend  their 
lines  to  include  a  spring.  Just  at  that  point  in 
the  controversy,  which  was  getting  pretty  hot, 
along  came  a  train  from  Richmond  with  a  lot  of 
paroled  confederates  on  board.  They  saw  the  situ- 
ation at  a  glance  and  ordered  the  guards  to  extend 
their  lines  "  d — d  quick  or  they  would  get  out  and 
do  it  for  them."  As  a  result,  our  boys  got  the  spring. 
The  weather  was  cold  and  the  wind  blowing  a  gale. 
Many  of  the  men  had  neither  blankets  nor  overcoats. 
Major  Osborne  was  suffering  severely,  and  Towner 
is  credited  with  sharing  his  blanket  with  him. 
Toward  morning  a  fire  was  started,  yet  it  proved  an 
intensely  dreary  night  for  a  parcel  of  cold,  hungry 
and  wounded  men. 

At  7  o'clock  next  morning,  they  boarded  the  cars 
for  Danville.  The  distance  was  a  trifle  less  than 
fifty  miles,  but  they  were  on  the  road  the  entire  day. 
The  rails  had  been  recently  relaid,  and  the  road-bed 
was  in  shocking  condition.  On  arrival  at  Danville, 
they  were  unloaded  and  marched  to  the  prison.  This 
was  on  the  24th.  The  next  day  (vSunday)  their 
wounds  were  dressed  and  fair  rations  of  corn  bread 
and  rice  without  salt  were  issued.  They  remained  in 
the  prison  until  the  27th,  when  they  were  taken  to  a 
hospital.  The  straw  mattresses,  clean  sheets,  white 
pillow  cases  "  made  it  look  like  heaven "  a  comrade 


128        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

said.  Better  food  was  provided  and  unustial  care 
taken  to  make  them  comfortable,  yet  nothing  could 
save  either  Phillips*  or  Smith  of  the  Color  Guard. 
Both  died  and  were  buried  near  by. 

The  prisoners'  stay  in  the  hospital  was  destined  to 
be  brief,  for  an  order  came  on  the  28th  to  send  all 
paroled  prisoners  forward  with  despatch.  On  the  29th, 
transportation  was  provided,  and  they  were  roused  at 
daylight.  Major  Osborne  was  unable  to  start.  A 
fever  had  set  in,  presumably  from  his  wound,  a  day 
or  two  before,  and  his  condition  was  not  encouraging. 
Coupled  with  his  physical  weakness  was  something  of 
mental  prostration.  Previous  to  enlistment,  his  life 
had  been  one  of  ease  and  comparative  luxury,  yet  the 
change  to  the  hard  lines  of  war  never  caused  him  a 
regret  so  long  as  he  could  do  his  duty.  Though  his 
wound  was  far  from  mortal,  yet  it  seemed  utterly  to 
prostrate  and  unnerve  him.  Something  of  a  feeling  fast- 
ened upon  him  that  he  would  never  see  old  Connecticut 
again,  and  all  the  rallies  and  appeals  of  his  comrades 
failed  to  rouse  that  "  pluck  "  he  had  ever  been  credited 
with.  Nothing  would  induce  him  to  attempt  the 
journey,  and  the  boys  sadly  bade  him  and  a  few  others 
good  -  bye,  and  climbed  breakfastless  and  with- 
out rations  on  top  the  box  cars  provided  to  take 
them  to  Richmond.  Osborne  lingered  until  April  6th, 
w^hen  he  died.  The  squad  of  prisoners  (forty-five) 
arrived  in  Richmond  not  far  from  10  o'clock  at  night. 

Mosher  says  the  party  was  taken  to  "  Castle 
Thunder ;"  Towner  says  it  was  to  a  building  opposite 
Libby   Prison.     Whichever  place  it  was  the  feverish 

*  Corporal  Frank  Phillips  was  a  member  of  Co.  I,  and  of  the  Color  Guard.  He 
was  severely  wounded  in  his  arm,  near  the  elbow.  The  Confederate  surgeons  advised 
amputation,  but  Phillips  objected;  the  wound  was  therefore  dressed  with  such  means 
as  was  had,  and  a  cast-off  boot  leg  supplied  the  place  of  splints.  Mosher  speaks  of 
Phillips  being  patient,  even  cheerful  in  his  suffering  ;  his  whole  thought  seemed  to  be 
to  reach  home.  To  this  end  he  went  beyond  his  little  strength.  The  cold  night  ride 
from  Salisbury  to  Greensboro,  and  the  subsequent  camp  in  the  field  consumed  the 
little  vitality  he  had.  He  died  at  Danville,  April  13.  His  son  Riley  was  not  allowed 
'o  accompany  him  after  leaving  Kinston. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION.  129 

patients  cared  very  little.  Utterly  exhausted,  they 
dropped  where  they  halted.  Nature  could  endure  no 
more.  The  next  forenoon  (30th)  they  were  transferred 
to  a  regular  hospital  and  received  their  first  ration  of 
soft  bread  since  leaving-  New  Berne.  The  medical 
authorities  looked  after  them  kindly  and  the  discom- 
forts of  the  trip  were  in  a  measure  overcome. 

On  Sunday,  April  2d,  they  were  told  to  be  in 
readiness  to  be  sent  through  the  lines  next  day.  It 
was  a  joyful  announcement.  At  7  o'clock  all  who 
could  walk  filed  out  to  the  landing  and  boarded  an  old 
barge.  The  others  were  carried  in  wagons.  The 
passage  down  the  river  was  slow  and  it  was  sunset 
when  Turkey  Bend  was  reached.  No  arrangements 
for  transportation  had  been  made.  There  was  still  a 
distance  of  four  miles  between  them  and  the  Union 
lines,  but  nothing  daunted  those  who  could  walk  took 
up  their  less  able  comrades  in  blankets,  and  started 
at  dusk  without  a  guide  or  any  knowledge  of  the  way. 
This  tramp  through  the  darkness  and  the  rough 
country  will  be  always  remembered  by  our  heroes. 
They  stumbled  on,  carrying  their  comrades  by  "reliefs" 
until  accidentally  confronted  by  the  pickets  of  Gen. 
Ord's  Corps  (colored).  They  were  taken  within  the 
lines  and  cheered  lustily  to  find  themselves  under  the 
old  flag  once  more.  A  detail  of  men  assisted  them  to 
the  landing  which  was  reached  about  9  o'clock  in  the 
evening.  During  all  the  time  from  leaving  Richmond 
the  most  incessant  cannonade  from  the  Union  batteries 
had  been  kept  up  within  their  hearing.  Unknown 
to  them,  it  was  the  last  day  of  the  struggle  for  the 
Confederate  Capital,  but  a  dusky  picket  explained  the 
situation  tersely  when  he  said,  '•  Mar's  Grant  is  givin 
the  rebels  hell  to-day."  About  midnight  transporta- 
tion down  the  river  was  found  and  they  reached  Fort- 
ress Monroe  the  next  afternoon.  There  they  learned 
of  the  surrender  of  Richmond.  The  transport  con- 
tinued   on    to    Annapolis,    arriving  there    April  4th, 


1 3  o        FIFTEENTH  CON  NEC  TIC  U  T  VOL  UNTEERS. 

eight  days  later  than  did  the  main  body  of  the  regi- 
ment, as  stated.  After  a  thorough  renovation,  a  por- 
tion were  sent  to  the  Paterson  Park  Hospital,  at 
Baltimore,  from  which  place  thirty  day  furloughs 
were  granted,  and  thus  in  small  squads  the  men  grad- 
ually scattered  to  their  homes. 


Lieut.  William  Goodrich. 


CHAPTER  XL 

NARRATIVE  OF  LIEUT.   WILLIAM  GOODRICH NARRATIVE    OF 

FRANK    D.    MOSHER ESCAPE  AND  RECAPTURE  OF  CAPT. 

WHITE     AND      LIEUT.    LINSLEY CAPTURE    OF     PRIVATE 

NICHOLS — -CAPT.  JOHN  D.  WHEELER'S  CAPTURE  AT 
PLYMOUTH,  N.  C.,AND  IMPRISONMENT  —  SERGT.  TOWXER's 
DIARY. 

Opportunity  is  taken  at  this  stage  of  the  history 
to  furnish  a  few  personal  recollections  of  the  disaster 
at  Kinston,  by  members  of  the  regiment.  These 
papers  were  mainly  jDrepared  some  years  ago.  Some 
have  been  read  at  reunions,  and  in  one  or  two 
instances  published  in  the  daily  press. 

NARRATIVE  OF  LIEUT.   GOODRICH. 
(Prepared  for  Capt.  White.) 

You  may  recall  the  fact  that  previous  to  the  affair 
at  Kinston  we  had  been  perhaps  too  comfortably 
stationed  at  New  Berne,  while  Sherman  was  swinging 
around  from  Atlanta  to  Savannah  and  thence  up  the 
coast  to  Goldsboro  and  Raleigh. 

The  orders  detaching  me  from  the  regiment,  first 
for  provost  marshal  of  New  Berne  and  afterward  to 
service  as  aide-de-camp  to  Gen.  Innis  N.  Palmer,  com- 
manding the  Dept.  of  N.  C.  gave  me  duties  of  such  a 
character  that  it  was  almost  impossible  for  me  to 
follow  up  the  movements  of  the  15th  Conn.  Vols.,  yet 
I  always  kept  an  eye  open  for  it  and  felt  that  to  me 
any  news  from  it  was  of  far  greater  interest  than 
news  from  any  other  regiment  in  the  command.  Now 
how  the  15th  Conn.  Vols,  got  up  to  the  front  of  Kins- 
ton I  do  not  remember.  The  preliminaries  have  also 
passed  from  my  memory  save  only  a  vague  remem- 
brance that  in  connection   with  Gen.  Schofield's  com- 


132 


FIFTEENTH  CONNEVTIUUT  VOLUNTEERS. 


ing  into  our  department  and  assumino-  command  of 
the  troops  the  15th  Conn.  Vols,  passed  out  of  Gen. 
Palmer's  command  and  was  brigaded  with  other 
troops  and  under  command  of  Col.  Uphain  as  Brigade 
Commander,  these  troops  were  assigned  to  the  left  of 
the  line,  while  Gen.  Palmer's  division  held  the 
extreme  right  and  was  hardly  engaged  in  the  affair 
at  all. 

The  march  from  New  Berne  to  within  a  short  dis- 
tance of  Kinston  was  made  without  fatigue  or  trouble 
until  just  this  side  of  the  Neuse,  where  we  ran  up 
against  breastworks  and  found  our  progress  opposed, 
so  sat  down  and  waited  to  hear  further  from  head- 
quarters. 

Early  in  the  morning  of  the  day  of  the  big  fight, 
Gen.  Palmer  with  his  staff  rode  back  from  the  front 
to  call  upon  Gen.  vSchofield.  Hardly  had  we  dis- 
mounted from  our  horses  when  the  sound  of  firing 
was  heard,  we  judged  it  distant  five  or  six  iniles. 
Upon  hearing  this  we  remounted  in  short  order  and 
then  commenced  the  hardest  ride  I've  ever  taken  in 
my  life.  Gen.  Palmer,  an  old  cavalry  officer  and 
used  to  all  sorts  of  riding,  took  the  lead,  we 
youngsters  following  close  up,  and  it  wasn't  long 
before  we  were  back  at  the  front.  Gen.  Schofield 
leaving  us  and  going  down  the  line  toward  the  left 
whence  came  the  firing,  Gen.  Paltner  and  staff  going 
to  the  right  where  we  found  only  desultory  firing. 
We  knew  that  we  were  making  this  demonstration 
for  the  purpose  of  opening  communications  v.ith 
Gen.  Sherman,  yet  we  did  not  know  how  near  to  us 
he  was.  One  thing  we  did  know  and  that  was  that 
the  rebel  Gen.  Hoke  was  in  our  front  watching  for  a 
chance  to  break  through  our  lines  so  as  to  cut  the 
railroad  behind  us  and  perhaps  capture  New  Berne. 
This  little  game  we  did  not  i^ropose  to  permit  him  to 
play,  and  how  unsuccessful  his  attempt  was  is  proven 
from  the  fact   that  he  (Hoke)  is  known  to  have  said 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  133 

that  he  tried  to  flank  us  but  found  it  impossible  with- 
out g'oing  way  back  to  New  Berne  and  coming  up 
behind,  a  movement  we  prevented  his  executing  by 
the  defense  at  Wise's  Forks,  and  by  meeting  him 
every  time  he  extended  his  right  flank.  So  he  had 
to  give  it  up,  though  Sherman's  proximity  caused 
him  to  fight  in  desperation. 

Our  defensive  position  on  the  left  was  attacked 
again  and  again  with  the  fierceness  which  accom- 
panies men  in  desperate  straits,  and  the  field  in  front 
of  our  works  was  piled  up  in  many  places  three  and 
four  high  showing  how  desperate  the  attack  and  how 
gallant  the  defense.  Visiting  the  left  of  our  line 
next  day  and  going  over  the  fight,  I  saw  saplings  and 
underbrush  cut  down  as  if  by  a  scythe,  from  the 
effect  of  the  infantry  fire,  while  whole  limbs  were 
torn  from  trees  and  trees  themselves  riven  asunder 
from  the  effect  of  artillery  firing. 

On  our  return  from  Gen.  Schofield's,  we  got  right 
down  to  work.  Gen.  Palmer  soon  had  us  hurrying  all 
over  the  line  to  see  if  there  had  been  any  disaster  to 
us.  My  direction  was  toward  the  left  of  our  division, 
which  being  the  right,  brought  me  to  the  right  of  the 
centre  division.  I  rode  at  once  to  the  front,  expect- 
ing to  be  able  to  ride  down  the  line,  but  just  before 
reaching  it,  a  shell  from  the  Johnnies  burst  in  front 
of  and  over  my  head,  by  good  chance  missing  me,  but 
tearing  a  piece  from  my  good  mare's  flank.  As  the 
rifle  balls  were  also  coming  around  in  too  great  quan- 
tity to  be  wholesome,  I  thought  better  of  my  intention 
of  riding  along  the  line,  so  sent  my  orderly  with  my 
wounded  horse  back  out  of  range,  and  went  up  on 
foot  to  the  breastworks.  Arriving  there,  I  found  our 
troops  taking  pretty  good  care  of  themselves,  and  let- 
ting the  "Johnnies  "have  the  greater  part  of  the  fun, 
firing  at  them.  Having  to  pass  along  the  line,  I  took 
good  care  to  assume  a  stooping  position,  not  caring 
to  make  a  target  of  myself. 


134 


FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOI  UNTEEIiS. 


Where  a  cross  road  ran  up  to  our  line,  making  a 
chance  for  an  angle,  I  found  a  battery  in  position, 
with  half  its  guns  pointed  to  the  front,  and  half  down 
the  front  of  the  line  to  the  left,  giving  a  good  chance 
for  an  enfilading  fire.  Looking  out  to  the  front,  I 
saw  one  of  the  prettiest  sights  in  all  my  army  experi- 
ence, for  not  over  a  hundred  yards  to  the  front,  and 
in  the  open  woods  was  a  rebel  brigade  getting  into 
alignment,  and  evidently  about  to  charge.  I  hurriedly 
ran  to  the  battery,  calling  for  the  officer  in  charge, 
and  demanded  from  him,  "  why  do  you  permit  this 
formation  in  your  front,  without  an  effort  to  drive 
them  back."  He  replied  "  waiting  for  orders,  sir." 
I  at  once  said,  "  open  fire  immediately  with  canister 
on  those  rebels,  by  order  of  Gen.  Palmer,"  and  in  less 
tiiue  than  I  take  to  write,  he  had  the  ball  opened,  and 
swept  the  rebel  brigade  with  an  enfilading  fire;  they 
couldn't  stand  this,  and  in  short  order  we  had  them 
to  the  right  about  in  double  quick  time,  assisted 
by  the  infantry  fire,  which  accompanied  the  artil- 
lery. 

Some  time  after  the  close  of  the  war,  1  met  the 
confederate  Gen.  Kirkland,  and  as  conversation  grew 
between  us,  I  found  he  was  in  the  fight  before  Kins- 
ton,  and  I  told  him  about  my  little  part  in  sending 
a  brigade  of  his  troops  back  quicker  than  they  came. 
He  grew  interested,  and  after  several  cjuestions  and 
replies  said,  "  that  was  my  brigade,  and  had  it  not 
been  for  that  confounded  battery  of  artillery  cutting 
my  troops  all  to  pieces,  I'd  have  been  inside  your 
lines  in  a  very  few  minutes."  I  told  him  I  was  glad 
to  know  that  such  a  small  order  on  my  part  had  met 
with  such  good  results,  and  praised  him  for  having 
his  brigade  so  well  under  control,  as  to  halt  under 
fire,  and  make  a  really  fine  alignment.  He  replied, 
"well  I  suppose  I  must  blame  3"ou  for  it,  but  you 
spoiled  one  of  the  best  chances  I  ever  had,  and  cut  up 
a  fine  brigade. " 


THE  DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION.  135 

This  part  of  the  affair  was  soon  over,  so  I  passed 
down  the  line  with  only  an  occasional  "  zip  "  to  make 
me  sure  that  some  one  was  in  front,  and  while  doing- 
so  ran  most  unexpectedly  across  Lieut.  Bowman, 
15th  C.  v.,  who  had  with  him  some  men  of  the  15th 
C.  v.,  and  also  the  blue  regimental  color.  I  was 
amazed  to  see  him  because  I  knew  the  15th  was 
brigaded  over  towards  the  left,  so  asked  him, 
"  Charlie,  what  in  the  world  are  you  doing  here  with 
the  color,  and  where  has  the  regiment  moved  to?" 
He  replied  to  my  g^reat  sorrow,  "  Lieutenant,  they 
are  all  captured  except  these  few,  and  how  we  got 
through  I  don't  know."  He  further  said  that  the 
cavalry  on  outpost  in  advance  of  the  lines  retreated 
to  the  left  and  rear  without  notifying  the  infantry  so 
that  the  first  thing  the  regiment  knew  it  had  a 
strong  fire  in  front,  another  fire  from  left  and  rear, 
and  before  long  the  rebs  broke  through  the  brigade 
on  the  right,  completely  surrounding  the  15th,  leav- 
ing no  alternative  but  surrender.  Imagine  my  feel- 
ings to  hear  this  !  There  were  all  my  old  comrades 
either  killed,  wounded  or  captured,  and  the  dear  old 
regiment  gobbled  up,  and  as  I  thought  with  hardly  a 
chance  to  show  its  metal — I  felt  like  crying  and  had 
the  blues  for  many  a  day  afterward.  However  tame 
it  may  seem  simply  to  tell  of  a  regiment  being  sur- 
rounded and  captured,  having  small  report  of  their  con- 
di:ct  under  fire  ;  yet  it  does  not  often  happen  to  have 
such  praise  from  an  enemy  as  the  rebels  awarded  the 
15th  Conn.  Vols.  One  day  soon  after  the  surrender, 
the  colonel  of  the  57th  North  Carolina  Confederate 
Infantry  was  at  our  headquarters  talking  to  the  mem- 
bers of  our  staff,  and  as  was  most  natural,  had  a  great 
deal  to  say  of  the  war.  During  his  conversation  (of 
course  not  knowing  any  of  us  as  connected  with  any 
regiment)  he  spoke  of  the  battle  of  Kinston  of  how 
desperately  they  tried  to  drive  us  back,  or  flank  us, 
and  with  what  vigor  they  were  met,  and  further  said 


136        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

that  during-  all  his  experience  of  army  life,  he  had 
never  seen  such  a  fine  exhibition  of  hard  fighting'  as 
that  given  by  the  15th  Conn,  regiment.  "  Why,  will 
you  believe  me,"  said  he,  "  I  saw  them  change  front 
three  separate  times  during  the  fight  and  dress  up  as 
if  on  parade.  We  had  to  entirely  surround  them 
before  they  would  surrender  If  you  had  more  men 
like  that  the  war  would  sooner  have  been  over."  He 
also  said  that  they  felt  as  if  such  men  and  officers 
were  entitled  to  better  treatment  than  ordinary  pris- 
oners, and  he  believed  special  favors  were  shown 
them  as  a  tribute  to  their  bravery. 

You  who  were  in  the  thick  of  the  fight  and  know 
just  what  occurred,  will  certainly  be  glad  to  know 
that  your  brave  stand  was  fully  appreciated  by  a  foe 
whose  own  bravery  we  dare  not  disparage. 

I'm  sorry  that  the  little  part  taken  by  us  on  the 
right,  does  not  permit  me  to  tell  you  more  about  the 
fight,  but  as  we  were  several  miles  away  from  the 
actual  engagement,  holding  our  part  of  the  line  as  far 
down  as  the  river,  we  didn't  see  anything  of  it,  only 
waited  impatiently  for  news  and  orders  to  move  some 
way  or  other.  These  orders  didn't  come,  but  the  Bat- 
tle of  Wise's  Forks  was  over  and   Hoke  didn't  get  in. 

The  forw^ard  movement  of  the  whole  army  fol- 
lowed next  day  or  the  day  after,  Hoke  retreating 
rapidly  to  and  through  Kinston,  blowing  up  his  ports 
and  destroying  the  famous  ram  of  which  we  had 
heard  so  much.  It  took  but  a  short  time  to  get  a 
pontoon  over  the  river  to  Kinston,  and  before  very 
long  the  railroad  was  running  from  Morehead  City, 
bringing  up  supplies  for  Sherman's  army.  This  com- 
pleted our  duty  so  we  w^ere  soon  back  again  in  New 
Berne  in  our  old  c|uarters. 

FRANK  D.   MOSHEr's  ACCOUNT  OF  HIS  CAPTURE   AND    PRISON 
EXPERIENCE. 

After  our  reserve  was  overpowered  we  had  orders 
to  make  the  best  of  our  way  out.     I  buckled  on  my 


Quaitermaster    Marshall    C.  Augur 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  137 

knapsack,  but  before  I  reached  the  house  at  the  cross 
roads  (Col.  Tolles'  headquarters)  it  was  missing-.  I 
picked  up  another  with  a  woolen  and  rubber  blanket 
attached  to  it  and  got  as  far  as  the  woods  skirting  the 
creek,  when  I  heard  the  command  from  a  "reb," 
"halt!  throw  down  your  gun!"  I  thought  a  live 
coward  was  better  than  a  dead  hero,  and  I  obeyed  the 
order.  My  captor  was  a  very  humane  man.  I  did 
not  know  I  was  wounded  until  he  called  my  attention 
to  a  rent  in  the  leg  of  my  pantaloons  ;  it  was  only  a 
flesh  wound  about  two  inches  long  and  an  inch  deep, 
made  by  a  bullet,  afterward  found  in  my  shoe,  and  I 
have  it  yet.  My  captor  marched  me  to  Kinston.  I 
was  put  in  an  old  stone  house  with  a  large  number  of 
our  wounded.  We  stayed  in  Kinston  that  night  and 
were  cared  for  tenderly  by  the  Confederate  nurses. 
[See  general  history].  One  episode  I  remember 
which  will  show  the  difference  in  rebel  soldiers. 
While  in  Kinston,  on  the  night  of  the  8th  of  March, 
under  charge  of  the  man  who  captured  me,  another 
soldier  came  blustering  up  and  demanded  my  canteen 
and  knapsack.  My  guard  clubbed  his  musket  and 
told  his  comrade  he  had  come  to  the  wrong  place  to 
show  his  brutality,  and  further  told  him  he  had  been 
a  prisoner  himself  once  in  the  Yankee's  hands  at  the 
North  and  was  well  treated,  and  that  nobody  could 
rob  any  prisoner  of  his  while  he  had  charge  of  him. 
The  fellow  went  off  swearing.  When  we  came  to 
part  I  traded  a  knife  I  had  with  my  guard  for  a  plug 
of  tobacco,  a  large  piece  of  bacon  and  some  corn 
bread.  We  left  Kinston  on  the  forenoon  of  the  9th, 
on  the  cars  and  arrived  at  Goldsboro  in  the  middle  of 
the  afternoon.  Here  we  saw  our  comrades  who 
were  not  wounded  marching  round  in  a  cattle  pen. 
[Fair  ground].  We  were  taken  to  the  Court  House. 
On  the  way  there  many  of  the  women  treated  us 
kindly.  [See  general  history],  even  inviting  us  to 
come  into  their  houses  and  have  our  wounds  dressed 


1 38        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEEIiS. 

if  we  could  steal  away  from  the  guard.  I  think  that 
the  grnards  themselves  were  half  loj'al,  for  many  of 
our  boys  entered  the  dwellings  without  being  seen. 
While  here  a  lieutenant  of  a  New  Hampshire  regi- 
ment managed  to  get  a  $ioo  Confederate  bill,  and 
gave  it  to  a  citizen  to  procure  a  turkey  for  him  and 
cook  it.  This  was  done  in  fine  style,  and  all  the 
wotinded  shared  it. 

On  the  afternoon  of  the  loth  the  surgeon  announced 
that  he  had  orders  to  get  us  out  of  there  as  soon  as  pos- 
sible, for  the  Yanks  had  taken  Kinston  and  were 
coming  up  the  country.  We  found  Osborne,  Bishop, 
Phillips  and  some  others  of  the  more  severely 
wounded  already  on  the  cars  when  we  got  there. 
There  was  a  car  load  of  rebel  wounded  on  the  same 
train.  The  surgeon  went  with  us,  a  kind  and  helpful 
man  ;  he  made  the  guards  get  water  for  us  on  that 
long  night  ride.  We  brought  up  in  Salisbury  next 
day.  [See  general  history.]  We  debarked  froin  the 
cars  and  entered  that  miserable  hole,  Salisbury 
prison.  It  made  us  feel  blue  but  not  discouraged. 
We  were  given  brick  quarters  outside  the  stockade, 
but  everything  was  swarming  with  vermin.  Basins, 
sponges,  and  soap  were  in  great  demand.  The  Con- 
federate authorities  gave  our  nurses  double  rations  for 
taking  care  of  us,  and  such  rations  !  Corn  cobs  and 
corn  ground  together,  and  soup,  made  of  one  part 
rice  and  nine  parts  water;  occasionally  a  dish  of  bean 
soup.  The  beans  were  small  and  black,  with  no  more 
substance  than  a  "  double  B  shot,"  and  there  were 
three  beans  to  a  quart  of  water.  At  one  time  they 
got  some  bacon  as  a  treat  for  us.  Well  it  was  a  sur- 
prise, if  not  a  treat ;  a  surprise  because  when  you  laid 
it  down  it  would  move  off  of  itself,  it  was  so  full  of 
maggots.  How  Osborne,  Bishop  and  Phillips  suf- 
fered. Poor  fellows,  they  have  gone  to  their  last 
camp.  One  thing  I  can  say,  the  Confederate  sur- 
geons did  all  in  their  power  to  help  us.     Often  they 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  139 

would  smuggle  in  whiske_v  and  eggs  for  those  who 
suffered  most. 

We  stayed  there  a  little  over  a  week,  and  during 
this  time,  several  of  our  comrades  passed  away, 
among  them  Lieut.  Bishop,  who  bore  his  sufferings 
manfully.  He  was  so  severely  wounded  through  the 
back,  as  to  almost  preclude  recovery.  I  gave  him  a 
sponge  bath  the  day  he  died,  and  we  did  all  we  could 
to  save  him.  I  must  not  forget  to  mention  the  kind- 
ness of  our  comrades  in  the  main  prison  toward  us, 
nor  the  care  some  officers  of  Western  regiments  gave 
us.  We  left  the  prison  one  afternoon,  and  were  com- 
pelled to  ride  in  rickety  box  cars  with  no  seats, 
although  there  was  plenty  of  room  in  the  passenger 
cars  in  the  rear.  Appeal  was  made  to  the  guard  to 
allow  this  privilege,  but  the  officer  replied  with  an 
oath  that  the  freight  cars  were  good  enough  for  us 
"  Yanks,"  and  he  hoped  we  would  all  die  before  we 
got  into  our  own  lines.  At  daylight,  we  landed  at 
Greensboro,  a  large  village,  and  were  marched  to  a 
grove  a  short  distance  away  and  left  with  nothing  to 
eat  for  twenty-four  hours,  or  until  a  train  of  paroled 
Confederate  soldiers  going  home,  threw  out  of  the 
car  windows  some  corn  bread  and  bacon.  That  night 
we  slept  on  the  ground.  I  gave  my  blankets  to  Phil- 
lips, and  sat  all  night  by  the  fire  our  guard  had  made. 
The  next  morning  we  were  loaded  up  in  the  box  cars 
again,  and  started  for  Danville.  Here  we  were  put 
in  an  old  store-house  that  was  fairly  comfortable. 
Rations  of  corn  bread  were  dealt  to  us.  Our  stay 
here  \vas  brief,  but  long  enough  for  death  to  claim 
Phillips,  and  vSmith  of  the  color  guard.  We  left  Dan- 
ville one  morning  at  daybreak,  this  time  not  ///  the 
freight  car  but  on  top  of  it,  and  rode  all  day,  arriving 
in  Richmond  about  9  in  the  evening.  We  were  at 
once  marched  to  Castle  Thunder,  where  we  spent  the 
night  and  were  transferred  to  Libby  Prison  the  next 
day.     Here  we  were  packed  in  like  sheep;  corn  bread 


140 


FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEEES. 


and  water  was  served  out  to  us  and  we  were  expected 
to  be  happy.  Finally,  we  were  taken  out  on  vSunday, 
April  2d,  and  put  on  a  flag'  of  truce  boat  for  our  lines. 
As  for  myself,  I  was  sick  and  nearly  beat  out,  and 
hardly  realized  where  I  was.  I  determined  to  push 
through,  however,  and  was  glad  enough  when  I  saw 
the  stars  and  stripes  at  Turkey  Bend. 

THE    ESCAPE  AND    RECAPTURE  OF  CAPT.  WHITE  AND   LIEUT. 

LINSLEV. 

Capt.  White  and  Lieut.  Linsley  left  the  column  at 
Townersville,  N.  C.  In  the  language  of  the  former 
they  concluded  they  could  make  better  time  march- 
ing alone  than  with  the  inconvenience  of  the  guards, 
and  so  quietly  slipped  them  early  in  the  evening  and 
in  a  moment  were  hid  in  the  woods.  They  reached 
Clarksville  at  11  p.  m.,  supposing  to  find  abridge  over 
the  Roanoke  river  at  that  point,  but  were  disap- 
pointed. Following  up  the  stream  two  or  three  miles 
they  found  a  small  boat  in  which  they  crossed  it,  as 
they  supposed,  but  to  their  dismay  had  landed  on  an 
island.  Here  they  wandered  until  an  old  "  dug  out" 
was  descried  on  the  river  bank  left  by  a  freshet.  This 
with  infinite  labor  they  moved  to  the  water  and 
embarked  again.  The  opposite  shore  was  reached  in 
the  darkness,  and  the  twain  lost  no  time  in  getting 
back  into  the  country.  This  was  Sunday,  March  12. 
The  next  day  was  spent  in  a  "  forced  march  "  north- 
ward or  northeastward,  and  in  the  evening  the}^  came 
again  to  the  Roanoke  river  at  a  place  called  vScotts- 
bvirg.  There  was  a  ferry  but  a  rebel  guard  was 
posted  on  the  opposite  bank  to  apprehend  deserters. 
A  negro  informed  them  that  one  Joe  Mosley,  of  his 
own  race,  occasionally  ferried  rebel  deserters  across 
and  would,  no  doubt,  secure  them  a  passage — he  was 
paid  $10.00  for  this  precious  bit  of  information  and 
bade  to  hunt  up  the  ferryman.  Nothing  more  was 
seen    of     him    nor     of     Mosley.      Another     colored 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  141 

brother's  services  were  then  put  into  requisition,  who 
not  only  supplied  them  with  food,  but  found  Mosley 
and  arranged  that  they  should  be  taken  over.  The  14th 
they  lay  secreted  in  the  woods  till  evening;  when  they 
approached  the  ferry  both  were  surprised  at  the 
narrowness  of  the  river  at  this  point,  and  the  close 
proximity  of  the  rebel  pickets  who  could  plainl}^  be 
seen  standing  about  their  camp  fire. 

Arriving  at  the  landing,  they  found  a  squad  of 
seven  rebel  deserters  under  charge  of  the  ferryman, 
waiting  to  be  taken  over,  six  of  whom  had  brought 
their  arms  from  the  field.  The  night  was  not  par- 
ticularly dark  and  it  was  not  without  just  a  twinge 
of  misgiving  that  they  stepped  in  the  boat  and  lay 
down  with  the  fleeing  Confederates;  this  feeling 
was  not  in  the  least  dispelled  when  a  chain  care- 
lessly dropped  by  the  helmsman  clanked  loudl}^  on 
the  night  air,  but  they  were  under  way  and  across 
they  must  go. 

The  opposite  bank  was  quickly  reached  and  they 
were  about  to  step  out  when  the  sharp  command 
"halt"  nearly  paralyzed  them.  A  company  of 
soldiers  sprung  t;p  directly  in  front,  and  with  levelled 
rifles  covered  the  boat.  There  was  no  help.  The 
deserters  dropped  their  guns  and  the  party  were 
prisoners.  It  is  not  known  what  became  of  the 
deserters.  White  and  Linsley  were  taken  to  the 
headquarters  of  the  guard  commanded  by  Capt. 
Duguid  *  and  Lieut.  Hurst,  both  of  New  Berne,  N.  C. 
These  officers  were  gentlemanly  in  the  extreme. 
Neither  of  them  had  heard  from  New  Berne  since 
entering  the  Confederate  service,  and  their  prisoners 
were  enabled  to  tell  them  much  of  importance  con- 
cerning the  Union  army's  occupation  of  that  place. 
This  information  assured  them  respectful  and  even 
kindly  treatment.  [See  further  mention,  Chap.  XIV — 
2d  Part.] 

*  In  Sept.  1892,  Lieut.  Linsley  visited  Capt.  Duguid  at  his  residence  in  New 
Berne,  N.  C. 


142        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  V0IUNTEER8. 

THE    CAPTURE    OF    WILLIAM    H.    NICHOLS. 

William  H.  Nichols,  of  Co.  I,  was  captured  while 
foraging'  about  two  miles  outside  our  lines  at  Kins- 
ton,  April  8th,  by  the  notorious  cut-throat,  O'Connor, 
and  his  gang  of  guerrillas.  There  was  no  escape. 
He  was  rushed  back  into  the  country,  where  three 
others,  John  A.  Roberts,  Co.  H,  124th  Ind.;  Martin 
Walby,  Co.  G,  124th  Ind.,  and  John  Opper,  Co.  K,  119th 
N.  Y.,  Union  soldiers  like  himself,  were  confined.  At 
Nichols'  capture,  he  had  in  his  possession  a  few 
trinkets  from  a  Kinston  family,  entrusted  to  him  to 
carry  to  a  family  by  the  name  of  Sutton,  in  New 
Berne,  and  also  a  pass  from  Col.  Upham  to  the  latter 
place.  Among  the  guerrillas  was  one  Capt.  Caraway, 
who  was  related  to  the  Suttons,  and  who  interceded 
for  Nichols  because  of  his  message  and  contemplated 
kindness  to  that  fainily.  This  singular  circumstance 
probably  saved  the  prisoner's  life,  as  O'Connor  was 
the  most  merciless  outlaw  in  the  Carolinas,  and  inva- 
riably murdered  his  captives. 

That  night  they  all  set  out  for  the  guerrilla  camp, 
and  after  a  ride  of  twenty-four  hours  reached  it  m 
the  mountains.  Here  O'Connor  became  intoxicated, 
and  would  certainly  have  shot  Nichols  had  not  Capt. 
Caraway  interfered.  On  the  nth  of  April  they 
entered  Tarboro,  N.  C,  and  were  turned  over  to  the 
custody  of  the  10th  N.  C,  doing  guard  duty  there. 
In  the  adjutant  of  this  regiment  Nichols  found  a 
Yale  College  student,  who  knew  New  Haven  well,  and 
who  treated  his  prisoner  with  marked  favor  while 
there.  A  new  guard  was  made  up,  and  the  captives 
again  started  for  Richmond.  On  the  12th  they  were 
at  Enfield,  N.  C;  on  the  13th  at  Gaston;  on  the  14th 
at  Ridgway,  where  they  remained  until  the  i6th;  on 
the  17th  at  Halifax.  Here  paroles  and  two  days' 
rations  were  offered  them,  which  they  accepted. 
Next     morning,    i8th,    without     rations     or     a    cent 


DEFENSE  OF  TEE  UNION.  143 

or  even  a  jackknife,  they  set  out  on  the  road  to 
Petersburg-.  On  the  19th  they  were  at  Bellfield. 
Here  they  learned  of  the  assassination  of  President 
Lincoln,  and  Nichols  notes  that  the  people  denounced 
it  as  a  cowardly  act.  On  the  20th  they  reached  our 
lines  south  of  Petersburg,  and  were  taken  in  by  the 
103d  N.  Y. 

CAPTAIX  JOHN  D.  WHEELER's  CAPTURE  AND  I.MPRISONMENT. 

Captain  John  D.  Wheeler  was  captured  by  Gen. 
Hokes'  forces  at  Plymouth,  N.  C,  April  20,  1864. 
At  this  time  he  was  Acting  Assistant  Inspector  Gen- 
eral on  the  staff  of  Gen.  Harland  commanding  the 
2d  Brigade,  3rd  Division,  9th  Army  Corps.  He  was 
with  the  1 6th  Conn.  About  1900  in  all  were  taken 
prisoners — the  rank  and  file  were  sent  direct  to 
Andersonville  and  the  officers,  among  them  Capt. 
Wheeler,  to  Libby  prison.  Good  fortune  assigned 
them  among  some  of  the  i8th  Conn.,  who  had  spent 
nearly  a  year  m  that  "retreat,"  and  had  learned  how 
to  make  the  most  of  confinement. 

When  Gen.  Butler  landed  at  Bermuda  Hundred 
early  in  May,  1864,  there  were  upward  of  800  Union 
officers  in  and  around  Richmond.  On  the  6th  of  that 
month  they  were  hurried  off  to  Danville,  Va.,  for 
safety.  They  were  confined  there  in  an  old  factory 
about  a  week,  and  then  under  conditions  of  needless 
hardship  sent  on  to  Macon,  Ga.  Here  they  were 
thrust  in  the  typical  stockade,  with  its  "  dead  line  "— 
its  plank  enclosure — its  gallery  for  the  sentries — and 
cannon  mounted  to  sweep  the  pen.  By  the  end  of 
July  fully  2,000  officers  had  reached  that  place.  Cir- 
cumstances made  it  necessary  for  the  rebel  authori- 
ties to  remove  them  to  a  better  place  of  safety  and 
the  captives  were  divided  in  three  parties.  That  to 
which  Capt.  Wheeler  was  assigned  between  six  and 
seven  hundred  in  number,  was  transferred  to  a  stock- 
ade in  the  suburbs  of  Savannah,  Ga.,  and  after  a  stay 


144 


FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 


of  three  weeks  more  or  less,  were  sent  on  to  Charles- 
ton, S.  C.  Here  they  were  turned  loose  in  the  jail 
yard,  exposed  to  the  broiling  Atigiist  sun,  without 
shelter,  compelled  to  sleep  on  the  paving"  stones, 
swarming  with  vermin  for  six  days,  before  the 
door  of  the  empty  jail  behind  was  opened  to  admit 
them. 

Yellow  fever  made  its  appearance  in  Charleston 
near  the  close  of  September,  and  by  an  act  of  mercy 
(if  it  could  be  called  such),  the  prisoners  were 
removed  to  high  ground  between  the  Broad  and 
Saluda  rivers,  near  Cohimbia,  S.  C.  This  transfer 
was  a  great  change  at  least  in  their  surroundings. 
No  stockade,  no  "dead  line,"  no  shelter  except  a  few 
pine  trees.  The  limits  of  the  camp  were  defined  only 
by  stakes  driven  in  the  ground,  and  the  well  worn 
"beats"  of  the  sentries.  Liberty  was  afforded  the 
prisoners  (under  guard),  to  bring  in  wood,  and  an  axe 
was  allowed  each  loo  men.  "Burrows"  were  soon 
constructed,  but  the  weather  grew  bitterly  cold,  and 
unprovided  as  were  the  men  with  overcoats  or  blan- 
kets, they  suffered  severely. 

Winter  set  in  and  it  appeared  as  if  they  would 
spend  it  in  that  place.  It  was  retired  from  main  cen- 
tres and  "flags  of  truce"  found  no  carriers  down 
there — notwithstanding  this,  rumors  of  an  impending- 
exchange  reached  their  camp,  and  on  Dec.  12,  about 
thirty  of  the  officers,  among  them  Capt.  Wheeler, 
received  their  paroles.  The}^  were  by  no  means  slow 
in  signing  them  and  the  next  day  were  taken  to  Char- 
leston and  transferred  to  a  Union  Gunboat  lying  close 
under  the  guns  of  Fort  wSumpter.  Capt.  Wheeler 
reached  Annapolis,  Dec.  20th,  eight  months  after  his 
capture,  and  from  thence  returned  to  Conn.  Here  he 
found  his  private  matters  in  such  condition  as  to 
demand  personal  attention,  and  he  accordingly 
resigned  his  commission  earlv  in  1865. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  145 


EXTRACTS    FROM    SERGT.    TOWNER's    DIARY. 

[Note. — Sergt.  Towner's  account  of  his  imprisonment  has 
heretofore  been  heavily  drawn  on  by  the  writer,  to  illustrate  the 
journey  of  the  wounded  prisoners  from  Kinston  to  Richmond]. 

Speaking  of  his  experience  in  Salisbury  Prison, 
he  says  :  "  The  surgeon,  a  gruff  old  fellow  came 
toward  evening;  I  remember  him  for  pouring  some 
turpentine  in  my  wound.  Our  rations  consisted  of 
rye  coffee,  a  loaf  of  rye  bread,  about  three  b}^  four 
inches  (for  two  days),  and  rice  soup;  the  soup  was 
very  thin.  We  had  a  promise  of  meat  once  in  eight 
da3''s;  the  bread  was  merely  flour  and  water,  mixed 
and  baked;  as  to  its  solidity,  you  can  judge.  Our 
wounds  became  inflamed  and  offensive  for  want  of 
care.  On  the  15th  (March),  the  rations  of  the 
well  prisoners  were  reduced  one-half,  but  ours 
remained  the  same.  I  went  in  to  see  Lieut.  Bishop, 
who  was  in  the  next  building,  and  found  him  lying 
on  a  stretcher  propped  up  with  blankets;  he  seemed 
cheerful  and  said  he  was  trying  to  pull  through.  I 
have  thought  since  that  the  brave  fellow  was  keeping 
up  appearances  to  encourage  the  others  when  he 
knew  his  own  case  was  hopeless.  Major  Osborne  lay 
beside  him.  A  Catholic  priest  came  to  see  us,  and  he 
was  the  only  clergyman  to  my  knowledge  who  visited 
the  prison.  Lieut.  Bishop  died  at  8  o'clock,  Friday 
evening,  March  17th." 

"At  Greensboro  we  were  taken  to  a  large  open 
field  and  lay  out  all  night  ;  the  wind  blew  strongly 
from  the  northwest,  and  as  many  of  us  had  neither 
blankets  nor  overcoats,  we  suffered  bitterly  from  the 
cold;  I  had  an  overcoat,  and  so  gave  my  blanket  to 
Major  Osborne.  *  *  *  *  After  arriving  at  Dan- 
ville, while  we  were  marchiug  down  the  street,  a 
group  of  rebel  officers  on  the  balcony  of  a  hotel, 
thought  to  guy  us,  supposing  we  were  '  Sherman's 
bummers,'  and    said  that  '  Uncle  Robert  would    use 


146        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

Sherman  right  smart  when  he  got  at  him,'  but  our 
fellows  advised  them  to  '  take  in  Mar's  Bob  out  of  the 
wet  when  uncle  Billy  gets  up  this  way.'  Rations 
were  not  at  all  abundant  here,  but  the  thing  we  most 
needed  was  salt.  On  the  morning  of  the  29th,  we 
were  called  at  daybreak  to  take  the  cars  for  Richmond. 
Some  were  too  weak  from  lack  of  food  and  condition 
of  their  wounds  to  start,  among  them  Corporal  Frank 
Phillips  and  Major  Osborne.  We  left  them  under 
fair  treatment  in  a  hospital  and  turned  toward  Rich- 
mond." 


CHAPTER  XII. 

provost  duty  at  kinston the.  15th  again   reunited 

death      of      quartermaster      bowns private 

rogers'     school tax    list    of     kinston "  camp 

Chattanooga" — muster    out    of    u.    s.   service  — 
arrival  in  new  haven,  conn. 

Shortly  after  the  occupation  of  Kinston,  the  fol- 
lowing order  was  issued  : 

Headquarters  District  of  Beaufort, 
Kinston,  N.  C,  March  18,  1865. 
Special  Orders } 
No.   10.         \' 

II.  The  15th  Conn.  Volunteer  Infantr}^  and  Battery  A,  3d 
New  York  Volunteer  Artillery  (dismounted),  are  hereb}'  trans- 
ferred from  the  2d  Division,  District  of  Beaufort,  Brig.  Gen. 
S.  P.  Carter,  comd'g,  to  the  ist  Division,  District  of  Beaufort, 
and  will  report  without  delay  to  Brig.  Gen.  I.  N.  Palmer,  comd'g, 
for  assignment  to  brigade. 

By  Command  of  jNIAJ.  GEN.  COX, 
THEO.  COX,  Maj.  and  A.  A.  G. 

On  or  about  the  23d  of  March,  railroad  communi- 
cation between  New  Berne  and  Kinston  was  restored. 
The  Union  forces  at  the  latter  place  were  cut  down 
to  one  brigade,  but  the  duty  was  light  and  this  force 
found  amply  sufficient.  On  the  25th,  camp  was 
removed  to  the.  eastern  side  of  the  town,  and  still 
later  (May  i8th)  to  the  John  C.  Washington  estate,* 
a  magnificent  country  seat  on  high  ground  north  of 
the  village.  Here  was  a  typical  southern  plantation  ; 
a  thousand  and  more  acres  all  highly  cultivated  lay 
within  sight  of  the  mansion.  The  slave  quarters  were 
in  admirable   condition,  though  tenanted  then  only 

*  Visited  by  the  writer  in  1S92;  buildings  going  to  decay  and  a  ruino.is  condition 
everywhere  apparent. 


1 4  8         FIFTEENTH  CONN  EC  TIC  UT  VOL  UNTEEBS. 

by  a  few  aged  servants.  Beautiful  walks  paved  with 
imported  English  bricks  circled  amid  flowers  and 
shrubbery  on  every  hand,  and  oaks  and  magnolias 
sheltered  many  a  royal  mocking  bird.  It  was  an  ideal 
home. 

The  4th  of  April  was  made  a  memorable  occasion 
to  the  loyal  citizens  of  Kinston.  On  that  day  the  car- 
penters of  the  garrison  ]\Iartin  Allen,  of  Co.  D.,  and 
Noyes  Bristol,  of  B,  raised  a  lofty  mast  on  the  roof  of 
the  Court  House  from  which  the  stars  and  stripes 
were  displayed.  The  ceremony  was  honored  with 
music  by  the  regimental  band  and  with  salutes  and 
cheers.  There  was  no  opposition  by  the  populace, 
in  fact,  for  a  year  or  more,  rebellion  had  been  growing 
unpopular  in  eastern  North  Carolina. 

The  news  of  the  surrender  of  Gen.  Lee  reached 
Kinston,  April  12th.  A  few  days  thereafter  guard 
restrictions  w^ere  considerably  reduced  and  the  boys 
had  little  to  do  but  digest  their  rations.  On  the  nth 
of  May  the  captured  officers  returned  to  the  regiment, 
and  on  the  15th,  the  paroled  men  arrived  from  Alex- 
andria, Va.  Except  the  severely  wounded,  and  those 
whom  death  had  mustered  out,  the  Lyon  Regiment 
was  again  united.  It  was  a  happy  reunion.  Col. 
Upham  resumed  command  on  the  i8th,  and  Capt. 
Burgess  was  made  Provost  Marshal. 

On  the  2ist  occurred  that  saddening  event,  the 
death  of  Quartermaster  Bowns,  by  the  cars  at  New 
Berne.  He  was  buried  there  on  the  2 2d,  his  brother 
officers  from  Kinston  attending  the  obsequies  in  a 
body. 

The  regiment  remained  at  Kinston  nearly  three 
months.  All  were  aware,  particularly  during  the  lat- 
ter part  of  this  period,  that  active  field  duty  was  over 
and  discharge  from  service  near  at  hand.  There  was 
no  antagonism  between  the  citizens  and  the  garrison  ; 
every  body  went  unmolested  about  their  business. 
Frequent  "excursions  "  were  made  by  the  boys  to  the 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  141^ 

outlying  farms,  but  few  complaints  reached  head- 
quarters that  they  failed  to  pay  for  what  they  took. 
Here  it  was  that  Allen  and  Bristol,  two  excellent  car- 
penters, made  the  "knapsack  boxes,"  comrades  will  so 
well  remember,  neither  will  any  one  forget  the  Con- 
federate ram  sunken  in  the  river  opposite  the  city, 
and  the  rusty  arms  and  ammunition  which  sundr}^ 
venturesome  lads  occasionally  fished  up  from  the 
wreck.  These  arms  w^ere  mainly  Colt's  revolvers,  the 
property  of  the  United  States,  and  were  stolen  by  the 
rebels  at  Norfolk,  Va.  The  craft  was  never  useful  to 
the  Confederacy,  being  too  large  for  the  river.  It  had 
been  destroyed  but  a  week  when  our  forces  reached 
Kinston. 

During  the  occupation  of  the  latter  place,  the 
experiment  of  furnishing  a  free  evening  school  for 
the  colored  people,  was  tried  by  private  Rogers  of  E. 
In  this  he  was  assisted  by  a  few  of  his  comrades  as 
teachers.  It  proved  a  complete  success.  The  school 
opened  May  ist,  in  one  of  the  churches,  with  an 
attendance  of  about  forty.  Rogers  became  enthusi- 
astic in  his  work,  and  the  work  corresponding!}"  pros- 
pered. On  May  3d,  the  school  numbered  one  hundred 
ninety-two  members,  on  Ma}"  17th,  two  hundred 
twenty  members,  on  the  rSth,  two  hundred  fifty, 
and  by  the  first  of  June  something  over  three  hun- 
dred names  had  been  enrolled,  of  all  ages  from  five 
years  to  seventy  years  and  over.  Not  content  with 
this,  Rogers,  by  permission  of  his  officers,  started  a 
day  school  May  2 2d,  also  for  the  colored  people,  with 
an  average  attendance  of  upward  of  two  hundred. 
Five  sessions  per  week  were  held  and  the  eagerness 
manifested  to  learn,  as  well  as  the  progress  made,  was 
most  surprising.  Although  Rogers'  work  was  of 
short  duration,  owing  to  the  departure  of  the  regi- 
ment early  in  June,  the  most  beneficial  results  fol- 
lowed. He  was  able  to  secure  the  co-operation  of  two 
officers   of  the    colored  regiment  that  succeeded  the 


15° 


FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 


15th,  and  it  was  afterwards  learned  that  the  schools 
were  continued  well  into  the  midsummer. 

A  sino-le  illustration  is  given  here  to  show  the 
means  of  some  of  the  members  of  the  vSouthern  Con- 
federacy, and  the  extent  of  their  possessions.  It  is 
taken  from  the  Tax  List  of  Kinston  for  1864,  which 
schedule  was  found  by  Allen  of  D,  when  our  forces 
first  entered  the  Court  House  in  that  city. 


James  T.  Albritton 

Elizabeth  Bond . . 

Elias  Albritton 

Lewis  B.  Cox 

Eusebius  J.   Dunn   

Cynthia  Dunn 

Walter  Dunn ... 

John  Ennis.  [Gone  to  the  "Yan- 
kees."] 

William  Fields 

Richard   F.  Greene 

Pinckney  Ilardee 

Richard  W.  King 

Shade  E.  Loftin 

S.  B.  Turnage.  [Gone  to  the 
Yankees,  the  encmv.] 

John  Tull  '.. 

Hines  Whitfield 

John  C.  Washington* 


581 
500 
314 


350 


798 


531 


2248 

700 

1430 


12 
20 

18 
21 
47 


48 
17 
24 


85 


VALUATION  OF 
SLAVES. 


$10,000.00 


4,475.00 

10,150.00 

8,050.00 

7,825.00 

23,150.00 


11,600.00 
25,900.00 
7,700.00 
11,950.00 
13,050.00 


38,325.00 


Bear  in  mind  these  are  but  few  names  from  a 
single  district  in  Lenoir  Co.  What  then  must  have 
been  the  total  slave  valuation  of  the  State  ? 

On  the  5th  of  June,  1865,  the  long  expected  order 
came  to  return  to  New  Berne,  preparatory  to  being 
mustered  out  of  service,  and  the  next  day  at  8  o'clock, 
the  regiment  bade  farewell  to  Kinston.  New  Berne 
vv.-K  '•< -ached  in  a  couple  of  hoiirs,  and  the  cotnmand 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  151 

was  assigned  to  a  location,  called  "  Camp  ('hattanooga," 
three  miles  or  more  outside  the  city.  The  following 
order  was  issued  : 

Head  Quarters  Rendezvous, 
Near  New  Berne,  N.  C,  June  6,  1865. 
Special  Orders  ) 
No.    I.  \ 

I.     Colonel   Charles    L.    Upham,    15th    Conn.    Volunteers,    is 
hereby  assigned  to  the  command  of  Camp  Chattanooga. 

By  Command  of  BRIG.  GEN.  PALMER. 

J.  W.  ATWIN,  Capt.  and  A.  A.  A.  G. 

There  was  little  or  no  dut}^  to  perform  here,  except 
to  "  stand  guard."  Berry  picking  parties  were  num- 
erous, and  all  sorts  of  amusements  devised  to  while 
awaj^  the  time  until  the  final  orders  should  come.  On 
the  24th,  the  recruits  were  transferred  to  the  7th  Conn., 
and  on  the  27th,  the  regiment  broke  camp  and 
marched  to  New  Berne.  Later  the  same  day,  it  was 
mustered  out  of  the  U.  S.  service,  and  remained  tem- 
porarily quartered  at  "  Foster's  Wharf "  until  the 
30th,  when  it  shook  the  dust  of  the  South  off  its  feet 
for  ever,  and  went  on  board  the  schooner  "  Recruit  " 
bound  for  New  York.  Five  uneventful  days'  were 
consumed  in  the  passage,  and  the  metropolis  was 
reached  on  the  morning  of  July  4th,  1865;  the  veter- 
ans were  landed  within  a  few  yards  of  where  they 
embarked  two  years,  ten  months  and  six  days  before. 
Transportation  was  at  once  secured  by  rail  for  New 
Haven,  and  late  in  the  afternoon,  the  tired,  dusty, 
war-worn  Lyon  Regiment  proudly  marched  up  the 
the  Elm  City's  streets — never  so  beautiful  to  them 
before — amid  the  hand-clapping  and  hurrahs  of  a 
welcoming  host.  The  15th  Conn,  was  again  in  God's 
country. 

The  New  Haven  Journal  and  Courier  in  its  issue  of 
July  5,  published  the  following  in  connection  with 
the  return  of  the  regiment : 


1 5  2        J'^fF'J  'KKN  Til  CON  NEC  TIC  UT  VOL  UNTEERS. 

"The  15th  Rei^-iment  arrived  in  this  cit}'  on  Tues- 
day evening  at  6  o'clock  and  was  given  a  most  cordial 
and  enthusiastic  welcome.  Information  was  received 
in  the  early  part  of  the  afternoon  that  they  were 
delayed  in  New  York  and  would  leave  on  the  3 
o'clock  train.  Instant  preparation  was  made  to  give 
them  a  reception  and  collation.  Major  Mansfield  and 
the  committee  set  zealously  to  work  and  were  suc- 
cessful to  a  most  flattering  degree.  Gen.  Russell  and 
staff,  the  Horse  Guard,  Grays,  Light  Guard,  City 
Guard,  Phoenix  Hose  No.  i,  Neptune  Hose  No.  2, 
formed  on  the  green  and  marched  to  the  head  of  the 
wharf  and  met  them.  The  usual  forms  of  military 
reception  took  place,  when  the  procession  marched 
up  State  street  in  the  following  order : 

Platoon  of  Police. 

Horse  Guard's  Band. 

Horse  Guard. 

City  Guard. 

Light  Guard. 

New  Haven  Grays. 

Major  Gen.  Russell  and  Staff. 

2ist  Regiment  Band. 

Phoenix  Hose  No.  i. 

Neptune  Hose  No.  2. 

15th  Conn.  Regt. 

The  line  passed  up  State  street  to  Chapel,  to 
Church,  to  Crown,  to  York,  to  Chapel,  to  Temple,  to 
the  green,  where  it  stacked  arms  and  went  into  the 
State  House  where,  after  taking  their  places  around 
the  well  loaded  tables,  his  honor  Mayor  Scranton, 
welcomed  them  in  an  able  speech.  In  closing,  he 
said,  'We  appreciate  your  sufferings  and  I  return  to 
you  in  behalf  of  New  Haven,  of  New  Haven  County, 
and  of  the  State,  a  cordial  greeting.  It  is  vain  for  me 
to  express  the  feelings  of  the  citizens  of  Connecticut 
toward    these    soldiers   who   without    reward    stood 


DEFENSE    OF   THE   UNION. 


153 


between   us    and    those    who    would    take    away   our 
dearest  rights.' 

The  mayor  then  invited  the  boys  to  partake  of  the 
refreshments  which  they  did  most  effectually.  The 
following  roster  of  officers  returned  with  the  regi- 
ment : 

Col.  Charles  L.  Upham. 

Lieut.  Col.  vSamuel  ToUes. 

Adjutant  Philip  C.  Rand. 

Quartermaster  Joseph  C.  Allen. 

Surgeon  H.  V.  C.  Holcomb. 

Asst.  Surgeons — Edward  O.  Cowles,  E.  F.  Hendricks. 

Co.  A — Lieut.  A.  P.  Day,  Lieut.  Charles  Harwood. 

Co.  B— Capt.  T.  R.  Davis,  Lieut.  Charles  S.  Gray. 

Co.  C — Lieut.  S.  F.  Linsley,  Lieut.  Frederic  Elser. 

Co.  D — Capt.  William  C.  Burgess,  Lieut.  Charles 
Bowman. 

Co.  E — Lieut.  Heber  Ives. 

Co.  F — Capt.  Reuben  Waterman, Lieut.  David  Hyde. 

Co.  G— Lieut.  G.  M.  Beach. 

Co.  H— Capt.  Robert  O.  Bradley,  Lieut.  N.  F.  Bur- 
ritt. 

Co.  I— Capt.  M.  A.  Buttricks,  Lieut.  Augustus 
Roderiquez. 

Co.  K— Capt.  M.  D.  Munson,  Lieut.  John  Hall." 

That  night  most  of  the  men  scattered  to  their 
homes.  They  came  together  again  for  final  muster  out 
and  payment  July  12th,  and  after  that,  the  15th  Conn. 
Regiment,  as  an  active  organization,  ceased  to  exist. 

Summary  of  Regiment. 
*The  original  roster  of  officers  and  men,    .     1,022 
Number  of  recruits  added, 595 


Total  strength, 1,617 


♦Adjutant  Gen.  of  Conn.  Report  i8 


154 


FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 


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CHAPTER  XIII. 
REGIMENTAL  REUXIOXS. 

PREPARED  BV  WALTER  H.  LORD,  SECRETARY. 

On  October  2d,  1869,  a  few  members  of  Co.  I,  15th 
Conn.,  living  in  New  Haven,  met  by  agreement  to 
arrange  for  a  reunion  of  their  company.  A  compari- 
son of  views  led  them  to  change  their  intentions 
however,  and  a  general  rally  of  the  whole  regiment 
was  advocated.  To  secure  the  latter  result  a  com- 
mittee of  three.  Oscar  P.  Ives,  Isaac  Chamberlain  and 
James  A.  Church,  was  chosen  to  publish  through  the 
local  press  a  call  for  all  ex-members  of  the  regiment 
to  come  together  and  consider  the  matter.  In 
response  to  this  appeal  about  forty  of  the  veterans 
gathered  a  week  or  two  later.  Capt.  M.  A.  Buttricks 
was  chosen  chairman.  It  was  unanimously  voted  to 
hold  a  reunion,  and  Charles  E.  Hart,  AValter  H.  Lord 
and  Zadoc  R.  Morse,  were  appointed  to  select  the 
time  and  place  for  such  a  meeting.  This  committee 
a  little  later,  named  "Wallingford,  Conn.,  as  the  most 
suitable  place,  and  fixed  the  date  as  Nov.  29th,  1869. 
Such  were  the  preliminary  steps  taken  toward  provid- 
ing for  that  series  of  annual  gatherings,  which  for  a 
quarter  of  a  century  have  proven  so  delightful  to  the 
veterans. 

FIRST    RKUXIOX. 

Wallingford,  Conn.,  Xov.  2g,  i86g. 

The  first  reunion  of  the  15th  Conn,  regmient  was 
held  to-day  ;  one  hundred  fifteen  members  were  pres- 
ent. A  business  meeting  was  held  in  the  Town  Hall, 
with  Lieut.  Col.  Samuel  Tolles,  temporary  chairman, 
and  Capt.  M.  A.  Buttricks,  secretary. 


1 5  6        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTIC  UT  VOL  UNTEER6. 

Col.  Tolles,  on  taking-  the  chair,  made  a  brief 
address  and  in  closing,  urged  the  importance  of  form- 
ing a  permanent  organization.  To  accomplish  this 
a  committee  of  one  from  each  company  was  chosen  to 
report  a  plan. 
Co.  Co. 

A.  Philip  C.  Rand.  F.     Hobart  Wright. 

B.  Charles  D.  Barnes.  G.     George  Bryan. 

C.  Thomas  Sherman.  H.    Henry  C.  Baldwin. 

D.  Justus  Storer.  I.      Oscar  P.  Ives. 

E.  Charles  R.  Coan.  K.     Solomon  F.  Linsley. 

This  committee  recommended  that  the  organiza- 
tion be  known  as  the  15th  Conn.  Regiment  Veteran 
Association,  and  that  the  following  officers  be 
chosen: 

Col.  Charles  L.  Upham,    ....     President. 

Lieut. -Col.  Samuel  Tolles,  .      Vice  President. 

Philip  C.  Rand, vSec.  and  Treas. 

The  Rev.  John  B.  Doolittle,    .     .       Chaplain. 

Dr.  H.  V.  C.  Holcomb, Surgeon. 

Lieut.  Julius  B.  Bissell,    ....      Historian. 

The  meeting  endorsed  the  report  and  unani- 
mously elected  the  nominees.  Adjournment  was 
then  made  to  the  Beach  House  for  dinner.  Landlord 
Smith  had  provided  a  most  excellent  table  ;  tickets 
$1.00.  After  dinner,  speeches,  stories,  and  general 
rejoicing  was  in  order,  with  such  satisfaction  to  the 
boys  that  future  meetings  were  confidently  assured. 

SECOND    REUNION. 

JVeui  Haven,  Conn.,  Aug.  2j,  iSyo. 
The  second  reunion  of  the  regiment,  was  held  at 
Light  House  Point.  About  two  hundred  of  the  mem- 
bers assembled  in  the  morning  at  the  State  House, 
New  Haven  Green,  and  led  by  Col.  Tolles,  marched 
to  I>clle  Dock  where  steam  tu"-s  were   taken  for  the 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  157 

"  Grove  House."  At  the  business  meeting-  the  old 
officers  were  re-elected.  An  executive  committee 
was  chosen  to  provide  for  the  next  reunion.  The 
dinner  was  furnished  by  Messrs.  Bario  &  Prince ; 
tickets  $1.00  ;  after  this  repast,  came  brief  addresses 
from  Col.  Tolles,  Dr.  Holcomb,  Chaplain  Doolittle, 
Lieut.  Johnston,  Lieut.  Linsle}',  Capt.  Buttricks,  Capt. 
Davis  and  others.  Sergt.  Raffile  also  gave  a  recita- 
tion. The  regiment  returned  to  New  Haven  about 
6  o'clock,  and  was  marched  to  the  Green  and  dis- 
missed. 

THIRD  REUNION. 

Savw  Rock,  Aug.  25,  iSyi. 
About  one  hundred  sixty  of  the  veterans  accom- 
panied by  Felsburg's  band,  went  down  on  the  horse  cars 
to  West  Haven.  The  business  session  was  held  in 
"Grove  Palace."  Col.  C.  L.  Upham  in  the  chair.  The  old 
officers  were  re-elected  with  the  substitution  of  Col. 
Tolles  as  historian.  An  executive  committee  was 
also  chosen.  There  were  present  at  the  dinner  table 
one  hundred  seventeen.  Tickets,  $1.00.  Following 
dinner  came  the  usual  addresses.  Lieut.  Linsley 
spoke  of  the  propriety  of  erecting'  a  monument  to 
the  deceased  members  of  the  regiment,  buried  at  New 
Berne,  N.  C,  and  a  committee  of  one  from  each  com- 
pany was  appointed  to  report  on  the  matter.  (Names 
lost).  Col.  Tolles  then  read  a  brief  history  of  the 
regiment  [see  preface]  for  which  he  received  the 
thanks  of  the  association.  A  pleasant  feature  of  this 
gathering  was  the  presentation  of  a  beautiful  bouquet 
of  flowers  to  the  veterans  by  the  mother  of  the 
lamented  Major  Osborne. 

FOURTH    REUNION. 

Meride/i,  Conn.,  Aug.  26,  i8j2. 
This  reunion  was  held  by  invitation  of  the  Meri- 
den  comrades   at    "Hemlock   Grove."     There  was   a 
good    attendance,  one   hundred   seventy-three  being 


1 5  8        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTIC  UT  VOL  UNTEERS. 

at  the  dinner  table.      Tickets   $1.50.      The    following 
officers  were  elected  : 

Justus  Storer, President. 

William  S.  Beecher,       .     .     .    Vice  President. 

Philip  C.  Rand,     .      Secretary  and  Treasurer. 

Henry  C.  Baldwin, Historian. 

The  committee  of  arrangements  for  the  next 
meeting  were  Oscar  P.  Ives,  Capt.  M.  A.  Buttricks  and 
George  W.  Stoddard. 

FIFTH    REUNION. 

Lig/tt  House  Point,  Aug.  25,  1873. 
The  veterans  assembled  at  the  State  House  on 
New  Haven  Green  and  escorted  by  Felsburg's  band, 
marched  to  Belle  Dock  and  took  the  steamer  "  Novelty" 
for  Light  House  Point.  From  one  hundred  fifty  to 
one  hundred  seventy-five  members  went  down  on  the 
boat.  The  business  meeting  was  called  to  order 
by  Vice  President  Beecher.  The  following  officers  of 
the  Association  were  then  elected  : 

Col.  C.  L.  Upham, President. 

James  A.  Chiirch,        .     .     .        Vice  President. 

P.  C.  Rand,       .     .       Secretary  and  Treasurer. 

Col.  Samuel  Tolles, Historian. 

Enoch  E.  Rogers, Chaplain. 

Dr.  H.  V.  C.  Holcomb, Surgeon. 

After  dinner,  comrade  H.  C.  Baldwin  (historian) 
was  introduced  and  gave  reminiscences  of  the  regi- 
ment. He  was  followed  by  Col's  Upham  and  Tolles, 
Chap.  Rogers,  Capt.  Buttricks  and  others ;  one  hun- 
dred forty -eight  veterans  sat  down  to  the  dinner. 
Tickets  seventy-five  cents. 

SIXTH    REUNION. 

North  Haven,  Conn.,  Aug.  25,  18J4. 
By  invitation  of  the  citizens  of  North  Haven,  the 
Sixth  Reunion  was  held  there.     The   families  of  the 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  159 

veterans  were  invited  to  be  present.  The  Hartford 
City  Band  did  the  musical  honors  of  the  occasion. 
The  business  session  was  presided  over  by  Col. 
Upham.  The  following  officers  were  chosen  for  the 
ensuing  year : 

Col.  C.  L.  Upham, President. 

William  F.  Johnson,  .  .  Vice  President. 
P.  C.  Rand,  .  .  Secretary  and  Treasurer. 
The  Rev.  John  B.  Doolittle,      .     .      Chaplain. 

Willis  Benedict, vSurgeon. 

Col.  Samuel  Tolles, Historian. 

The  death  of  Dr.  Holcomb  was  mentioned,  and  a 
committee  to  prepare  appropriate  resolutions  was 
appointed  by  the  chair: 

Col.  Tolles,  Capt.  G.  M.  White, 

Chaplain  Doolittle. 

The  resolutions  were  as  follows: 

Whereas,  we  have  been  called  to  rnourn  the  loss 
by  death  of  an  estimable  member  of  our  association. 
Surgeon  H.  V.  C.  Holcomb,  of  Branford,  Conn.,  and 
whereas,  in  his  relations  with  the  regiment  as  its  sur- 
geon, as  well  as  in  his  intercourse  with  us  personally, 
he  entitled  himself  by  his  professional  services  to  our 
warmest  gratitude,  and  by  his  unfaltering  courage  to 
our  respect  and  admiration  therefore: 

Resolved,  That  we  hereby  extend  to  the  relatives 
of  our  deceased  comrade,  and  especially  to  her  who 
is  widowed  by  his  death,  our  sincere  sympathy  and 
condolence  in  this  affliction  : 

Resolved,  That  we  will  ever  hold  in  grateful  remem- 
brance the  faithful  and  fearless  service  our  surgeon 
rendered  us  in  times  of  peculiar  trial,  and  the  warm 
heart  which  made  his  friendship  as  endearing  as  his 
services  were  indispensable. 

Brief  addresses  were  made  by  Col.  Tolles,  Chap- 
lain   Doolittle,    and    others.     A   vote    of   thanks    was 


i6o        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

tendered  the  North  Haven  comrades  and  the  citizens 
for  their  hospitality.  One  hundred  seventy-one 
members  present.  An  assessment  of  fifty  cents  each 
was  made  for  regimental  expenses. 

SEVENTH    REUNION. 

Lig/it  House  Point,  Aug.  25,  iSys- 

About  one  hundred  seventy-five  of  the  members 
of  the  Association  took  part  in  this  reunion.  All 
sections  of  the  State  were  represented.  The  assemb- 
ling- place  was  New  Haven  Green,  from  thence  to 
Belle  Dock  and  then  a  short  sail  on  the  Steamer 
Pastime.  The  business  meeting  was  held  in  the  hall 
of  Messrs.  Bario  8c  Prince's  restaurant,  and  the  old 
officers  were  re-elected.  Previous  to  the  dinner, 
addresses  were  made  by  Col.  ToUes,  Capt.  White, 
Lieut.  Linsley  and  others.  The  usual  executive 
committee  was  chosen.  The  dinner  was  very  satis- 
factory.    Tickets  one  dollar. 

EIGHTH    REUNION. 

Guilford,  Conn.,  Aug.  26,  i8j6. 

By  invitation  of  the  comrades  and  ladies  of  Guil- 
ford the  Association  held  its  8th  reunion  in  that  vil- 
lage. The  visitors  were  met  at  the  railroad  station 
by  the  Guilford  Band  and  resident  veterans,  and 
escorted  to  the  M.  E.  Church,  where  the  business 
meeting  was  called  to  order  by  Col.  Upham.  The 
following  officers  were  unanimously  elected  : 

Col.  C.  L.  Upham, President. 

Col.  Samuel  Tolles,     .     .     .     Vice    President. 

John  B.  Doolittle, Chaplain. 

Willis   Benedict, Surgeon. 

P.  C.  Rand,     .     .     .    Secretary  and  Treasurer. 
H.  C.  Baldwin, Historian. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  i6i 

It  was  voted  that  the  secretary  procure  a  suitable 
volume  and  that  hereafter  members  attending  reunions 
register  their  names  where  practicable.  The  dinner 
(provided  free)  was  all  that  could  be  asked  for.  Dur- 
ing its  consideration,  music  and  toasts  were  in  order. 
Col.  Tolles,  Chaplain  Doolittle,  Lieut.  Linsley,  W.  S. 
Beecher  and  others  spoke.  Private  Henry  Kelly  was 
present  with  his  "  Kellyope "  and  rendered  several 
selections  upon  it.  An  assessment  of  $1.00  each  was 
made.  There  were  one  hundred  thirty-three  at  the 
tables. 

NINTH    REUNION. 

Light  House  Point,  Aug.  2j,  iSjY- 

The  ninth  reunion  was  marked  by  a  rainy  day,  the 
first  in  the  series.  About  forty  members  drove  down 
from  New  Haven  in  stages.  The  business  meeting 
was  held  in  a  tent  on  the  grounds.  The  old  board 
of  officers  was  re-elected. 

The  dinner  took  the  form  of  a  "  clambake  "  and 
proved  an  agreeable  change.  The  small  attendance, 
however,  cut  down  the  usual  festivities  of  such  an 
occasion,  and  the  Association  returned  to  New  Haven 
about  4  p.  m.  Forty-one  present  at  dinner.  Tickets 
fifty  cents. 

TENTH    REUNION. 

Light  House  Point,  August  25,  i8-j8. 

The  veterans  gathered  at  the  "  Park  House  "  in 
New  Haven  for  this  reunion  and  took  stages  for  des- 
tination. The  "  dinner  call  "  was  sounded  at  i  o'clock 
p.  m.,  and  one  hundred  thirty  members  responded. 
A  "  clambake  "  was  served  in  excellent  style.  An 
assessment  of  seventy  -  five  cents  each  was  made. 
Afterward  the  business  meeting  was  called  to  order 
by  Capt.  Davis,  and  the  old  board  of  officers  was  re- 
elected. Remarks  were  made  by  Historian  Baldwin, 
Quartermaster  Kimball  and  others. 


1 62        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

ELEVENTH    REUNION. 

Hartford,  Conn.,  Sept.  ij,  iSjp. 
About  one  hundred  members  of  the  15th  Conn, 
represented  the  regiment  in  Hartford,  "  Battle  Flag 
Day."  A  short  business  meeting  was  held  and  the 
present  officers  were  invited  to  hold  over  another 
year.  The  colors  of  the  Regiment  were  deposited 
with  those  of  the  other  commands  in  the  State 
House. 

TWELFTH    REUNION. 

Orange,  Conn.,  Aug.  2j,  18S0. 

One  of  the  pleasantest  of  the  long  list  of  reunions 
was  that  held  in  Orange.  The  veterans  arrived  by 
train  from  both  directions,  and  a  large  portion  of  the 
town  was  present  to  welcome  them.  The  Ansonia  band 
furnished  the  music.  A  bouquet  was  deftly  fastened 
on  each  veteran's  coat  lappel  as  he  arrived.  The  busi- 
ness meeting  was  held  in  the  Congregational  Church, 
Col.  Upham  presiding,  and  the  old  officers  were  re- 
elected. The  dinner  w^as  laid  in  a  tent  adjoining  the 
Town  Hall  and  was  the  most  liberal  banquet  the  regi- 
ment ever  sat  down  to.  It  was  a  magnificent  tribute 
by  the  ladies  of  Orange,  and  w^as  appreciated  to  the 
fullest  extent  by  their  visitors. 

Adjournment  was  then  made  to  the  High  School 
room,  where  an  hour  was  spent  by  the  comrades  in 
intercourse  with  each  other.  Many  brought  their 
wive?.  At  2  p.  m.  public  services  were  held  in  the 
Congregational  Church  which  was  crowded  to  its 
fullest  capacity.  The  Rev.  E.  C.  Rogers  presided  and 
read  extracts  from  his  war  diary.  A  letter  from  ex- 
chaplain  John  B.  Doolittle,  then  preaching  in  Ne- 
braska, was  read.  Comrade  C.  A.  BakUvin  of  the  27th 
Conn,  made  a  handsome  speech.  The  warmest  expres- 
sions of  praise  were  given  chairman  Rogers  and  his 
executive  committee  for  the  royal  entertainment  fur- 
nished. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION. 


163 


THIRTEENTH    REUXIOX. 

Ifigh  Rock  Grove,  Conn.,  Aug.  25,  18S1. 

This  was  the  first  '-basket  pic-nic"  of  the  veterans 
and  their  families.  A  special  train  carried  the  party 
from  New  Haven,  who  met  the  Naugatuck  Valley  com- 
rades on  the  grounds.     A  large  number  were  present. 

The  business  meeting  was  called  to  order  by  Col. 
Upham  in  the  pavilion.  The  old  officers  were  re-ap- 
pointed.  Addresses  were  made  by  Capt.  "White,  the 
Rev.  Eugene  Atwood  and  others.  Comrade  H.  C. 
Baldwin  read  Frank  Mosher's  recollections  of  his 
three  years'  service,  for  which  the  latter  received  a 
vote  of  thanks.  A  letter  was  read  from  Chaplain 
John  B.  Doolittle,  stating  he  was  in  Nebraska  and  in 
ill  health.  A  purse  of  $50  was  quickl}^  made  up  for 
him. 

FOURTEENTH    REUNION. 

Bratiford,  Conn.,  Aug.  2^,  1882. 

By  invitation  of  Mason  Rogers  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  the 
regiment  held  its  14th  reunion  in  Branford.  Eight 
car  loads  of  veterans  and  their  fanjilies  went  over 
from  New  Haven.  The  party  was  escorted  to  the 
Town  Hall,  where  the  business  meeting  was  held, 
Col.  Upham,  presiding. 

The  following  officers  were  elected  : 

Col.  C.  L.  Upham,        President. 

Capt.  W.  C.  Burgess,      .     .     .    Vice  President. 
Philip  C.  Rand,        ....       vSec.  and  Treas. 

Henry  G.  Marshall, Chaplain. 

Willis  Benedict, Surgeon. 

Capt.  Geo.  M.  White, Historian. 

The  dinner  was  free,  and  one  hundred  seventy-one 
veterans  sat  down  to  it.  Afterward  addresses  were 
made  by  the  Hon.  N.  D.  Sperry,  of  New  Haven,  and 
L.  A.  Dickinson,  postmaster  at  Hartford.  Brief  re- 
marks were  also  made  by  members  of  the  regiment. 


1 64        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

FIFTEENTH    REUNION. 

Savin  Rock,  Conn.,  Aug.  24,  1883. 

Bv  invitation  of  the  Xew  Haven  members,  the 
regiment  went  to  Savin  Rock  to  celebrate  its  reunion. 
There  was  a  large  attendance.  One  hundred 
eighty -nine  comrades  registered  their  names,  but 
four  hundred  seventeen  men,  women  and  children  sat 
down  to  dinner  in  Grove  Palace. 

The  business  meeting  was  called  to  order  by  Col. 
Upham.  The  following  comrades  were  elected 
officers : 

Capt.  M.  A.  Buttricks.         .     .     .       President. 

William  S.  Beecher,      .     .     .     Vice  President. 

P.  C.  Rand,    .     .     .     Secretary  and  Treasurer. 

Chaplain  John  B.  Doolittle  was  present  from 
Nebraska,  and  spoke  feelingly  of  the  tribute  sent  him 
at  the  last  reunion.  The  Hon.  C.  H.  Pine,  of  Ansonia, 
who  was  present  by  invitation,  made  a  fine  address, 
followed  by  the  Rev.  E.  S.  Atwood,  Henry  C.  Baldwin 
and  others.  Comrade  C.  F.  Beckley  exhibited  a 
"  hard  tack  "  preserved  since  the  war. 

SIXTEENTH    REUNION. 

This  gathering  can  hardly  be  denominated  a 
"  reunion  "  within  the  meaning  usually  attached  to 
such  gatherings  by  the  veterans,  and  yet  it  was  such 
in  point  of  fact  and  a  very  enjoyable  one  too.  The 
occasion  was  "Buckingham  Day"  at  Hartford,  June 
1 8th,  1884.  There  was  a  large  delegation  of  the  15  th 
present,  and  headquarters  were  established  on  the 
East  Park.     No  business,  however,  was  transacted. 

SEVENTEENTH    REUNION. 

North  Haven,  Conn.,  Aug.  25,  1884. 
North  Haven  for  the  second  time  extended  a  wel- 
come to  the  regiment.     The  attendance  was  less  than 
usual  on  account  of  bad  weather,  only  one  hundred 
fourteen  veterans  being  present.     The  business  meet- 


DEFESHE   OF   THE   UXIOX.  165 

ing  was  held  in  the  forenoon  in  Liosley's  Hall,  Capt. 
Buttricks  presiding,  at  which  the  old  officers  were 
re-elected.  The  matter  of  an  accurate  roster  was 
brought  up  by  Col.  ToUes,  and  endorsed  br  many 
speakers.  The  president  and  secretary  were  in- 
structed to  devise  means  to  procure  one.  The  treas- 
ury showed  $95- 1 1  on  hand.  Dinner  was  served  by 
the  North  Haven  ladies  in  a  large  tent  near  the 
Congregational  Church.  Afterward  brief  speeches 
were  made  by  CoL  ToUes,  Capt.  E.  A.  Thorpe,  Lieut. 
Linsley  and  others.     The  dinner  was  free. 

EIGHTEEXTH    REUXIOX. 

Saz-tn  Rock,  Conn.,  Aug.  20,  188^. 
The  veterans  gathered  in  response  to  -he  annua.: 
call  at  "The  Massasoit  House."  The  old  board  of 
officers  was  re-elected.  The  dinner  was  served  at 
Twitcheirs  restaurant,  and  about  one  hundred  mem- 
bers sat  down  to  it.  There  was  no  regular  order 
of  exercises,  but  during  the  afternoon  several  im- 
promptu speeches  "were  made.  A  committee  was 
appointed  to  report  up'  n  the  adoption  of  an  Army 
Corps  badge. 

XINETEEXTH    REI7XIOX. 

WalUngford,  Om*^  Aug.  2j,  1SS6. 

The  veterans  assembled  at  Wallingford,  it  being 
the  second  visit  to  that  village.  They  were  escorted 
from  the  railroad  depot  by  the  Wallingford  Comet 
band  to  "  The  Lake  Grove  Rink,"  an  admirable  place 
for  a  reunion. 

The  business  meeting  was  presided  over  by  Capt. 
Burtricks,  and  the  following  officers  were  chosen  : 

Col.  Samuel  Tolle?.  .     -      President. 

Lieut.  A.  P.  Day.  Vice  President. 

Capt.  George  M.  White,  .  .  .  .  Historian. 
P.  C.  Rand.  .  .  .  Secretary  ani  Treasurer. 
The  Rev.  D.  Henry  Miller.  .  .  .  Chaplain. 
Willis  Benedict.  -orgeon. 


1 66       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

Comrade  Beckley,  chairman  of  committee  on 
corps  badge,  reported  in  favor  of  the  9th  Army 
Corps  device.  Capt.  Geo.  M.  White  announced  the 
death  of  Col.  D.  R.  Wright,  and  a  committee  was 
appointed  to  draft  suitable  resolutions,  as  follows  : 
Col.  Samuel  Tolles,  Capt.  Geo.  M.  White, 

The  Rev.  D.  Henry  Miller. 

[For  the  resolutions,  see  Chap.  XIV — 2d  Part.] 

The  dinner  was  furnished  by  the  Wallingford 
veterans  and  was  a  fine  affair.  After  it  was  over, 
addresses  were  in  order.  Comrade  William  J.  Morse, 
chairman  of  the  committee,  welcomed  the  veterans. 
He  was  followed  by  Capt.  Buttricks,  Judge  Hubbard, 
Rev.  D.  Henry  Miller  and  others.  The  meeting  ad- 
journed with  cheers  and  thanks  for  the  citizens  of 
Wallingford  One  hundred  forty-eight  sat  down 
to  the  table.     Cash  in  treasury  $45.91. 

TWENTIETH     REUNION. 

JVezo  Haven,  Conn.,  Aug.  2j,  iSjy. 
The  25th  anniversary  of  the  muster  in  of  the 
regiment  was  celebrated  in  the  city  of  New  Haven. 
It  was  the  first  gathering  of  the  veterans  in 
that  place.  The  business  meeting  was  held  in  the 
Atheneum,  Col.  Tolles  in  the  chair.  The  Columbian 
Band,  of  Branford,  supplied  the  music.  The  first 
speaker  was  Col.  Tolles,  who  referred  to  the  days  of 
1862  and  the  volunteering  of  the  regiment.  His  ad- 
dress was  received  with  applause.  The  following 
officers  were  then  elected  : 

W.  S.  Beecher,      President. 

P.  C.  Rand, Vice  President. 

Walter  H.  Lord,  .      Secretary  and  Treasurer. 

Capt.  George  M.  White,  ....      Historian. 

Rev.  D.  Henry  Miller, Chaplain. 

Adjournment   was   then    made    to    Loomis'    Hall, 
where  an  elegant  dinner  was  served  by  Deibel,  the 


DEFENSE   OF   THE   UNIOX.  167 

caterer.     It  was  provided  at  the  expense  of  the  Xew 
Haven  boys,  and  was  worth}-  of  the  occasion. 

This  repast  concluded,  literary  exercises  were 
next  in  order.  Capt.  Lovejoy  read  a  paper  prepared 
by  Capt.  White,  on  "  Kinston."  Chaplain  Miller  spoke 
in  a  happy  manner.  Judge  Henry  E.  Pardee  and  Eli 
S.  Quintard,  two  of  the  original  recruiting  committee, 
were  present  and  spoke.  Judge  Pardee  exhibited  one 
of  the  original  posters  used  in  1862  to  induce  volun- 
teers to  fill  up  the  ranks.  Lieut.  Julius  C.  Bissell  was 
present  from  Colorado,  and  made  an  able  address. 
Several  letters  of  regret  were  read.  Cash  in  treasiiry 
$44.81. 

TWENTY- FIRST    REUXIOX. 

Aleriden,  Conn.,  Aug.  2j,  188S. 
At  the  20th  reunion,  Col.  Upham  very  cordially 
invited  his  command  to  meet  in  Meriden  the  follow- 
ing year.  About  the  usual  number  of  the  veterans 
attended.  The  business  meeting  was  held  in  G.  A.  R. 
Hall,  President  Beecher  in  the  chair.  The  session 
was  opened  with  prayer  by  Chaplain  Doolittle.  The 
following  officers  were  elected  : 

George  W.  Stoddard, President. 

William  H.  Catlin,  ....      Vice  President. 

Walter  H.  Lord.    .     Secretary  and  Treasurer. 

Rev.  Henry  G.  Marshall,  ....     Chaplain. 

Captain  George  ]\L  White,  .     .     .      Historian. 

Comrade  vStoddard  declined  the  nomination,  and 
James  A.  Church  was  elected  in  his  place.  The 
new  regimental  roster  book  was  shown,  and  was 
approved  by  all  interested.  A  vote  of  thanks  was  ten- 
dered Col.  Tolles  and  Capt.  White  for  their  energy 
and  persistence  in  completing  the  volume.  Dinner 
was  laid  at  "  The  Winthrop"  in  Landlord  Crane's  best 
style,  and  was  at  the  expense  of  the  Meriden  veterans. 
A  corps  of  ladies  served  the  viands  in  dainty  style. 
Cash  in  treasury  $100. 


x6S       FUTEEyTH  CoyyECnCVT  rOLUISTEERS. 

DEATH    OF     LIEUT.-COL.    SAMUEL    TOLLES. 

Pursuant  to  a  call  issued  by  the  president  of  the 
Association,  a  meeting^  of  the  veterans  was  held  in 
Xew  Haven,  Januarv  i6.  1SS9,  to  take  action  upon  the 
death  of  CoL  Tolles.  It  was  voted  to  attend  in  a  body. 
and  that  the  nsnal  badge  of  mourning  be  worn.  The 
following  comrades  were  appointed  bearers  : 

Col.  C.  L.  Upham,  Capt.  George  M.  White 

Capt-  Theodore  R.  Davis.     Capt.  M.  A.  Buttricts. 
The  funeral  service  was  held  in  the  First  M.  E. 
Church,  and  the  body  btiried  in  the  Grove  street  cem- 
etery.     [The  minutes  of  committee  on  resolutions, 
etc..  cannot  at  this  date  be  found.] 

TWEXTV-5ECOXD     REUXIOX. 

Xangatnck  was  chosen  as  the  scene  of  this 
reunion.  Co.  H  was  largely  recruited  from  that 
vicinity,  and  the  boys  were  on  hand  with  band  and 
drum  corps  to  welcome  their  comrades.  Isbell  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  and  the  Sons  of  Veterans  did  escort  duty. 

The  business  meeting  was  held  in  the  Opera 
House.  President  Church  in  the  chair.  A  new  feature 
^was  introduced  by  the  secretarv  in  the  announcement 
of  the  deaths,  so  far  as  known,  in  the  Association 
during  the  past  year. 

The  election  of  officers  then  followed  : 

Henry  C.  Baldwin, President. 

Solomon  F.  Linsley.    .    .     .      Vice  President. 

Walter  H.  Lord,    .     Secretary  and  Treasurer. 

Capt.  George  M.  White.    ....     Historian. 

Rev.  Harvey  E.  Bums,       ....    Chaplain. 

The  party  then  adjotimed  to  the  basement  of  the 

Conorreg-ational  Church  for  dinner.     It  was  a  magnifi- 

^^  man's    Relief    Corps    assisted. 

L-  -in    reassembled    in   the  Opera 

House,  where  the  afternoon  was  sj)ent  in  reminis- 
cences and  addresses.    Among  the  speakers  were  the 


IfEKKSry-E  OF  THE  ITSl&Sr.  j^ 

Rev.  Mr.  Klackzcas.  OpL  T.  R.  Bavis,  CapL  M_  A. 
Bnttricts.  \Jyenis.  Lmsley  and  BiiTritt,  ClianpIisiTL  Manr- 

greatly  to  tic  ^  .-ers.     Ii  -wz&  o-rje  ;c 

tie   "t«e5t    ga-tatrruigs-    rver  oejiCL    C-asiii  ia   tres-siary. 
$75.63. 

DtATH   or   CAFT.    THXOD'J'ai    IC   BATES.   JAS.    12.    I 
JVt     2.     mf-r^T-T'niier    n;f     tlst"      A  »gga'iiir-T. a tr. irinm     TaiTi!^      j^     i 

called  to  taie  -    ■  "     T  __     ^    tine 

followiiig        '  ,::-:-_   _    ,  .Z—Z — ::-±   l.'j> 

preTiart  a  -  -'t  the-  retliZLgs   oc  line 
xc-gTment- 

Capt.  'j-r.  r^-  M-  "iVt:::  :  ~  :  '  ~^'e  ~^.  St€«iii2ani_ 

Peter  Z  --. 

It    -srats    further  vo^ted    tkit  iLae  iniSEal  bsuige   m. 
—  ■-■T:mTtiiy  be  wora.  aad  tlaat  tlie  Ass»ociaEi<:»€i  receixe 

of  the   veterans   in   artendance.     Tbe   bearers   were 

Lietit-  C.  F.  B -  ^  _-—.--.-„-   ~  --^ess.  Peter 

E.  Bowmin.       ,      _  ~  -    S_  Tunraer. 

Capt.  \L  A-  Bnttncrs^ 

T"h-  *■"" J  "":-    ' —f-r   --"-'--"- v~   ft-  the 

-  The  sncden   /.  -  -    .^v.  L-avis. 

which  occurred  a;    - --   -    -  -  -    :_  X.  Y.  on 

Tan.  12th,  i.S«Tc._   b—nir^  pecnli^ar  sadness  and  a  sense 
of  deep  y-  very  s 

the  i5ih  C --.:--     Inth.   _-    ^~  --    - 

vice  and   in   all   stibsecnent   aeqnaimtance  anl  ieter- 
c:  -  ~  ~ 

an -  ^ 


lyo       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

by  that  peculiar  charm  which  perfect  open  hearted 
frankness  gives  to  personality,  endeared  himself  to 
each  and  all  of  his  old  comrades  in  arms  as  one  whose 
friendship  was  in  itself  a  possession  well  worth  pre- 
serving. Among  the  youngest  of  the  officers  of  the 
regiment  in  which  he  served,  he  was  yet  among  the 
best  loved,  and  it  would  have  been  a  happiness  to  all 
could  he  have  been  among  the  last  to  gather  at  the 
annual  reunions,  where  the  circle  of  survivors  con- 
stantly grows  less.  Our  most  heart-felt  sympathy  is 
tendered  his  bereaved  family  by  his  surviving  com- 
rades of  the  war." 

TWENTY-THIRD    REUNION. 

Savin  Hock,  Conn.,  Ang.  2j,  iSgo. 

The  attractions  of  the  shore  again  drew  the  vet- 
erans to  this  famous  locality.  The  business  meeting 
was  presided  over  by  President  Baldwin.  The  fol- 
lowing board  of  officers  was  chosen  : 

Solomon  F.  Linsley, President. 

Charles  F.  Bowman,  ....  Vice  President. 
Walter  H.  Lord,  .  .  vSecretary  and  Treasurer. 
The  Rev.  D.  H.  Miller,  ....  Chaplain. 
Capt.  George  M.  White,        .     .     .      Historian. 

Dinner  was  laid  in  "  Grove  Palace,"  and  was 
done  full  justice  to  by  the  veterans.  Afterward  all 
adjourned  to  the  room  above,  for  the  customary 
speeches,  etc.  President  Linsley  introduced  Capt.  M. 
A.  Buttricks  as  toast-master,  who  called  on  the  Rev. 
Harvey  E.  Burns  to  respond  to  ''Our  Dead."  The 
Rev.  Eugene  S.  Atwood  spoke  to  the  sentiment  "  Our 
Kickers."  The  Rev.  D.  Henry  Miller  eulogized  the 
late  Capt.  Davis  in  fitting  words.  President  Linsley 
gave  some  special  recollections  of  "  Fun  in  Camp." 
vSecretary  Lord  also  read  some  items  culled  from 
the  roster  of  the  regiment.  Cash  in  treasury 
$106.18. 


DEFENSE   OF   THE   UNION.  171 

TWENTV-FOURTH    REUNION. 

Savin  Rock,  Conn.,  August  25,  i8gi. 

A  goodly  attendance  marked  this  gathering.  The 
veterans  assembled  on  the  Green  at  the  corner  of 
Church  and  Chapel  streets,  going  down  from  thence  by 
horse  cars.  The  exercises  of  the  day  were  held  in 
Miller's  Beach  Pavilion.  President  Linsley  was  in  the 
chair. 

The  annual  election  of  officers  resulted  as  follows: 

Charles  D.  Barnes, President. 

George  L.  ]\Iinor,  ....  Vice  President. 
Walter  H.  Lord,  .  Secretary  and  Treasurer. 
The  Rev.  D.  Henry  Miller,  .  .  Chaplain. 
Capt.  George  M.  White,      ....    Historian. 

The  matter  of  the  next  reunion  received  consider- 
able discussion.  Capt.  Buttricks,  Chap.  Miller,  Capt. 
White,  Capt.  Lovejoy,  President  Linsley  and  others 
favored  the  selection  of  "Camp  Chase,"  on  Arlington 
Heights,  Va.,  as  the  spot,  and  the  time  at  such  date  in 
September  during  the  Grand  Army  encampment  in 
Washington,  as  should  be  most  favorable.  A  com- 
mittee was  appointed  to  make  suitable  arrangements 
to  this  effect. 

The  ''  dinner  call  "  was  now  sounded  and  the  vet- 
erans "fell  in"  with  the  old-time  readiness.  It  was  a 
good  square  meal.  After  it  was  finished  informal 
remarks  by  members  were  made.  A  collection  of 
$60.00  was  raised  for  Chap.  Doolittle,  of  Nebraska. 
A  vote  of  thanks  was  tendered  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee and  the  meeting  adjourned.  Cash  in  treasury 
$123.03. 

[special.] 

death  of  capt.  george  m.  white. 
A  special  meeting  of  the  Association  to  take  action 
upon  the  death  of  Capt.  George  M.  White,  was  held 


1-2       FIFTEEXTJI  COXJi^CTJCUT  rOLUXTEESS. 

:n  Xew  Haven.  Dec.  24,  1S91.    A  committee  was  raised 
to  draft  resolutions  expressive  of  the  sorrow  of  the 

regiment. 

Waiter  H.  Lord,  John  X.  Leonard, 

Capt.  Frank  M.  Lovejoy. 

The  Association  also  voted  to  attend  the  funeral 
of  their  comrade,  and  the  following  persons  were 
selected  as  bearers  : 

William  S.  Beecher.  George  W.  Stoddard, 

John  X.  Leonard.  James  A.  Church, 

Oscar  P.  Ives.  Walter  H.  Lord. 

It  was  further  decided  to  send  a  delegation  of  the 
regiment  to  his  late  home,  on  the  morning  of  the 
funeraL  the  same  to  act  as  a  guard  of  honor. 

The  resolutions  transmitted  were  as  follows : 

Whereas.  It  has  pleased  an  all-wise  Providence  to 
remove  our  loved  comrade  and  friend,  Capt.  George 
M.  White,  from  the  scene  of  his  earthly  labors,  and 
as  we  believe  to  install  him  in  a  higher  and  more 
noble  sphere:  therefore 

Resolved,  That  we  bear  in  grateful  remembrance 
his  many  soldierly  qualities  in  camp  and  in  field,  his 
unselfish  devotion  to  duty  under  all  circumstances. 
and  his  patriotic  love  of  country,  which  was  inherited 
in  his  very  nature,  and  so  continued  until  his  final 
summons.  Whether  as  a  humble  citizen  or  holding  a 
position  of  public  trust,  he  was  ever  conspicuous  in 
his  J  ~-----  manhood  and  devotion  to  every  dutv 
im-p  a  him. 

Resolved.  That  "while  ^ve  bow  in  meek  submission  to 
the  Divine  decree  we  also  ask  that  the  same  Divine 
aid  may  be  extended  to  the  widow  and  children  of 
our  deceased  comrade. 


DEFES^E  OF   THE  UWIOX.  173 

Rciolved,  As  a  token  of  resperct  this  Association  in  a 
body  attend  the  ftineral  ceremonies  of  otrr  late 
comrade. 

Resclzed,  That  a  copy  of  these  resolntions,  snitably 
engrossed  be  presented  to  the  family  of  the  deceased. 

and  c'  '  the  same  be  .spread  npon  the  records  of 
this  c.  n. 

TWEXTy-riFTH    KEVXIOX. 

Washington,  D.  C-,  Sept.  20,  iSg2. 

This  reunion  was  held  in  the  2d  Regt.  Armory. 

9th  street  ^nc.  Penn.  Avenne.  in  the  afternoon.  The 
members  of  the  regiment  were  so  greatly  scattered 
that  it  was  a  reunion  only  in  name.  The  meeting 
was   called   :  "  '  -    and  it  was 

voted  to  cor "  :   omcers,  and 

that  the  next  reunion  be  held  in  the  vicinity  of  New 
Haven.     Cash  in  -   -.22. 

Many  of  the  :he  15th  took  this  oppor- 

tunity to  re-visit  Washington.  Admiral  Fo<»te  Post. 
Xo- 17,  G.  A_  R..  furnished  a  '1  j:  :  :talion  in  the 
parade.     Co.  L  Walter  H.  Lori.  -   had  thirty- 

two  men  in  line,  all  15th  veterans.  Their  marching 
was  a  wonder  not  only  to  the  spectators  but  to  them- 
selves, that  after  so  many  years  men  could  align 
themselves  with  so  much  exactness.  The  next  day  a 
portion  of  the  15th  visited  Arlington  Heights,  a  few 
members  going  as  far  south  as  Fredericksburg.  Suf- 
folk, Va.,  and  Kinston  and  Xew  Berne.  X.  C. 

TWEXTT-5IXTH    RETTXIOX. 

The  twentv-sixth  reunion  was  held,  by  invitation 
of  the  citizens,  at  Mi.:  '  ^  -u..  August  25.  1S93- 
Van  Horn  Post,  G.  A  R  ^  ^  by  the  local  comet 

band,  did  escort  duty.  The  business  meeting  was  held 
in  the  old  M.  E.  Church,  with  President  Barnes  in  the 
chair.     A  committee  of  one  from  each  company  was 


174       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEEBS. 

appointed  to  select  a  board  of  officers  and  present 
their  names  to  the  meetino".  This  was  done,  and  the 
following  gentlemen  were  unanimously  elected  : 

William  R.  Mackay, President. 

Oscar  P.  Ives, Vice  President. 

Walter  H.  Lord,  .      Secretary  and  Treasurer. 

Sheldon  B.  Thorpe, Historian. 

Charles  F.  Beckley, Surgeon. 

The  Rev.  Eugene  Atwood,    .     .     .      Chaplain. 

Attention  being  called  to  the  fact  that  the  Associ- 
ation's flag  was  rarely  carried  at  reunions,  it  was 
voted  that  the  secretary  assume  its  custody  and  here- 
after detail  a  comrade  to  bear  it  at  future  meetings. 
Lieut.  Linsley  invited  the  regiment  to  meet  the  fol- 
lowing year  at  North  Haven,  which  invitation  was 
accepted  and  a  committee  of  arrangements  appointed. 
Perhaps  the  most  important  item  of  business  at  this 
reunion  was  the  selection  of  a  committee  to  erect  a 
monument  at  New  Berne,  N.  C,  in  honor  of  the  dead 
of  the  regiment  buried  in  the  National  Cemetery 
there.     The  following  comrades  were  chosen  : 

Field  and  Staff,  Col.  Charles  L.  Upham. 


George  H.  Bryan. 
Lieut.  Newell  F.  Bur- 

ritt. 
James  A.  Church. 
John  B.  Mix. 


Dinner  was  furnished  by  the  ladies  of  Milford, 
free,  in  the  Town  Hall;  it  was  elegantly  laid  and  a 
model  of  its  kind.  Afterwards  the  veterans  assem- 
bled in  the  shade  near  the  hall,  where  the  afternoon 
was  spent  in  good  fellowship,  with  brief  addresses, 
miisie,  etc.,  etc. 


Co. 

Co. 

A. 

William  H.  Catlin. 

G. 

B. 

Charles  D.  Barnes. 

H. 

C. 

Joel  Griffin. 

D. 

Martin  Allen. 

T. 

E. 

F. 

Charles  Griswold. 
George  Couch. 

K. 

Lieut.  William  Thompson. 


CHAPTER  XIV. 

PART  I. 

CORPORAL     smith's    BOILED      TONGUE — THE     "  SMOKE-OUT  " 

AT  "red  house"— bill  NICHOLS'  BOOTS THE  BURNED 

TENT    AT    FAIRFAX    SEMINARY BARNES'    INCIDENT    AT 

KINSTON GEN.     CASEY's    FAILURE     TO     PROMOTE    COL. 

WRIGHT  —  Gideon's    band — o'connor's   raid — capt. 

BUTTRICk's    reveries  — THE    CAPTAIN's  LOST    RATIONS 

— Stoddard's    recollections  —  catlin's   incident 

AT   LONG   BRIDGE — LIEUT.   DAY's  NARRATIVE. 

The  follov^ing  chapter  is  added  by  request,  as 
essential  to  this  history.  The  "  off  duty  "  side  of  a 
soldier's  life  has  frequently  for  him  an  interest  Mrhich 
a  routine  narrative  of  events  cannot  give.  Let  the 
veteran  therefore  light  his  pipe  and  read  these  frag- 
ments through  the  haze  of  its  smoke,  not  for  what 
they  are  in  themselves,  but  for  what  they  may  suggest. 

CORPORAL  smith's  BOILED    TONGUE. 

Corporal  Smith,  of  K,  purchased  a  beef  tongue  at 
considerable  expense,  while  at  Fredericksburg,  and 
on  a  fine  evening  invited  a  few  comrades  to  assist  in 
eating  it.  Tt  was  put  in  a  camp  kettle  and  hung  over 
the  cook's  fire.  When  nearly  cooked,  along  comes 
Jack  Johnson,  of  the  same  company  (who  had  not  been 
bidden  to  the  feast)  with  a  kettle  precisely  similar, 
and  sought  permission  to  place  it  over  the  fire  to 
heat  some  water.  Behold  then  the  two  kettles  side 
by  side  merrily  boiling  and  enveloped  in  steam. 
While  Smith's  attention  was  diverted  a  moment  John- 
son deftly  changes  the  kettles  ;  shortly  he  perceives 
the  water  is  hot  and  thanking  Smith  profusely  for 
the  accommodation  retires  with  his  kettle  to  his  tent. 
Ten  minutes  later  Smith  likewise  seeks  his  quarters 
and  joyously  bids  his  chums  to  the  supper.     Tableau! 


176       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

THE  "SMOKE-OUT  "  AT  RED   HOUSE. 

Sergt.  Towner  relates  how  some  o£  the  boys  fast- 
ened the  door  and  stopped  up  the  chimney  of  his 
"shanty"  one  nig-ht  while  at  Red  Hotise  picket 
station.  Towner  and  his  companions  were  thor- 
oughly "smoked"  before  they  could  get  out.  vSus- 
pecting  Sergeants  Finnigan  and  Smith  they  retaliated 
on  them  and  it  is  said  the  two  latter  gentlemen  were 
not  dressed  for  company  when  they  finally  burst  the 
door  and  gained  the  fresh  air.  Now  soldiers  are  nat- 
urally generous  and  these  comrades  couldn't  think  of 
not  sharing  their  good  fortune  with  the  rest  of  their 
comrades  quartered  in  an  old  house  near  by,  so  they 
likewise  "  smoked "  them  nearl}^  to  suffocation.  O 
what  a  racket  !  Major  Osborne  and  the  whole  reserve 
turned  out  to  see  what  was  the  matter.  It  was  said 
some  of  the  lacis  couldn't  see  anything  for  a  week 
afterward. 

BILL  NICHOLS'  BOOTS. 

While  at  Portsmouth,  Va.,  Lieut.  C,  of  Co.  I, 
detailed  Private  Nichols  to  go  to  Norfolk  on  an 
errand.     This  is  the  way  Nichols  relates  it: 

Lieut. — "Bill,  I  want  you  to  go  to  Norfolk." 

Nichols — "I  can't  go." 

Lieut. — "  What's  the  reason  ?  " 

Nichols — "  Hav'nt  any  boots." 

Lieut. — "  What's  that  got  to  do  abovit  it  ?" 

Nichols — "There's  a  long  stretch  of  water;  don't 
want  to  get  my  feet  wet  this  cold  weather." 

Lieut.—"  Bill,  you  go  to  Capt.  Buttrick's  tent  ;  he 
has  three  or  four  pairs  ;  help  yourself." 

Nichols — "  But  what  will  the  cap'n  say  ?  " 

Lieut. — "  Who  cares  what  he  says;  Bill,  go  and  get  a 
pair  of  boots  and  go  to  Norfolk." 

[Two  weeks  later.] 

Lieut. — "  Bill,  where  are  my  boots  ? " 

Nichols — "  Don't  know  anything  about  your  boots.'" 


DEFENSE   OF   THE    UNION.  j-j-j 

Lieut.—" you've  got  them  on  your  feet." 

Nichols — "  Not  much,  they  are  mine. 

Lieut. — "  Do  you  think  I  don't  know  my  own 
boots?" 

Nichols — "Don't  you  think  I  know  mine  ?  " 

Lieut. ^ — "  Bill  if  you  don't  pull  'em  off  I  will  tell 
the  captain  and  have  you  put  in  the  guard -house." 

[Enter  Capt.  B.] 

Capt. — "  Bill,  what's  the  matter  with  you  and 
Lieut.  C?" 

Lieut.— "  Bill,  tell  it  straight." 

So  Nichols  "  told  it  straight  "  btit  it  was  at  the 
Lieut's  expense  ;  the  biter  was  bitten,  and  a  pair  of 
ten  dollar  boots  was  the  forfeit.  Nichols  wore  them 
out. 

THE  BURNED  GUARD  TENT   AT  FAIRFAX  SEMINARY. 

Who  of  the  veterans  remembers  the  burning  of 
the  Sibley  tent  at  Fairfax  Seminary  ?  Three  suspi- 
cious looking  characters  in  citizens'  dress  had  been 
brought  in  from  the  front  and  for  the  want  of  a  better 
place  had  been  confined  in  a  Sibley  tent  and  a  special 
guard  posted.  The  night  was  bitterly  cold  and  a  fire 
was  burning  in  the  cylinder  stove  used  in  tents  of 
that  description.  By  some  means  a  spark  caught  at 
the  top  near  the  iron  ring  and  in  a  few  minutes  the 
canvas  burned  away,  letting  the  heavy  tent  fall  with 
a  crash  on  the  prisoners.  The  outside  was  staked 
down  firmly  and  the  center  was  on  fire,  with  the 
prisoners  rolling  and  howling  under  the  canvas  in 
their  attempt  to  escape.  The  situation,  not  at  all  dan- 
gerous, was  ludicrous  in  the  extreme,  as  may  be 
imagined.  The  writer  can  still  see  the  waltzing 
figures  going  through  antics  under  that  tent  which 
have  never  been  paralleled  since.  When  the  cap- 
tives were  finally  released  a  more  frightened  trio 
never  stood  on  the  soil  of  Virginia.  They  verily  be- 
lieved they  were  about  to  be  burned  alive  by  the 
"  Yanks." 


178       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

AN    INCIDENT    OF    THE    BATTLE     OF    KINSTON. 

So  soon  as  our  right  wing  was  broken  through  by 
Gen.  Hoke,  one  of  his  first  acts  was  the  capture  of  the 
3d  N.  Y.  Battery.  The  latter  had  just  taken  a  new 
position  under  orders  from  Col.  Upham,  but  had  not 
opened  when  they  swooped  down  upon  it.  Its  horses 
were  disabled  in  a  moment  and  the  men  prisoners. 
Sergeant  Barnes,  of  Co.  B,  who  was  in  the  act  of  load- 
ing his  rifle,  chanced  to  observe  a  rebel  officer  cutting 
a  horse  loose  from  one  of  the  caissons.  Barnes  had 
inserted  the  cartridge  in  his  musket  and  while 
extending  his  ramrod  to  send  it  home,  the  latter  was 
struck  by  some  flying  missile  and  knocked  from  his 
hand.  Turning  to  a  comrade  (Plant)  he  borrowed 
his  ramrod,  and  in  a  second  the  piece  was  loaded. 
Plant  handed  him  a  cap  and,  without  drawing  the 
ramrod,  Barnes  fired  at  the  officer  as  he  was  mount- 
ing the  artillery  horse  ;  the  Confederate  fell  with  his 
foot  caught  in  the  stirrup,  and  the  animal,  now 
thoroughly  frightened,  ran,  dragging  the  unfortunate 
man  over  the  field.  That  the  victim  was  an  officer 
of  some  high  rank,  Barnes  always  felt  confident  from 
his  manner  and  his  uniform,  but  was  never  able  to 
learn  whether  he  was  killed  or  merely  disabled. 

GENERAL      CASEY'S      FAILURE      TO      SECURE     A      BRIGADIER'S 
STAR    FOR    COL.    WRKIHT. 

It  has  been  a  matter  of  much  speculation  why  the 
Provisional  Brigade  formed  by  order  of  Gen.  Casey, 
at  Fairfax  Seminary,  was  so  unceremoniously  dis- 
solved at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  in  1862,  for  up  to  the 
hour  of  reaching  camp  at  the  latter  city,  both  officers 
and  men  supposed  that  the  relations  existing  between 
Col.  Wright  and  the  regiments  he  had  led  on  that 
long,  cold  march  through  Maryland,  would  still  con- 
tinue. It  came  therefore,  as  a  great  surprise  when  a 
change  was  ordered. 


DEFENSE    OF   THE   UNION.  j-jg 

Chance  led  to  the  new  brigade  formation.  Gen. 
Casey  had  become  warmly  attached  to  Col.  Wright 
and  the  gallant  15th  C.  V.  He  was  impressed 
with  the  morals  of  the  men  and  the  efficiency  and 
zeal  of  their  officers.  It  was  certainly  the  greatest 
compliment  that  he  could  have  paid  to  the  timber  of 
the  Lyon  Regiment  and  to  the  justness  of  the  pride 
of  New  Haven  County  in  its  formation,  to  retain  it 
longer  at  Washington  than  was  necessary  and  usual 
to  retain  the  new  regiments  pouring  into  the  National 
Capital.  And  further,  Gen.  Casey  promised  Col. 
Wright  all  his  influence  for  the  early  bestowal  of  a 
commission  as  brigadier-general,  and  the  chance  that 
brought  together  upon  the  field  of  Fredericksburg, 
the  8th,  nth,  i6th  and  21st  Conn.,  and  other  regi- 
ments of  those  states  from  which  the  remaining 
regiments  of  the  Provisional  Brigade  were  recruited, 
was  all  that  prevented  the  bestowal  of  the  star  so 
coveted  by  every  colonel  in  the  service  and  by  the 
loyal  boys  of  the  15th,  for  their  colonel  and  their 
other  officers  who  would  have  been  upon  his  staff. 
For  in  accordance  with  the  policy  at  that  time  of 
brigading,  so  far  as  possible,  the  regiments  from  the 
same  State,  the  Provisional  Brigade  formed  by  Gen. 
Casey  was  broken  up  and  to  the  surprise  and  disap- 
pointment of  the  15th,  Col.  Wright  found  his  regi- 
ment attached  to  one  of  the  older  and  numerically 
weaker  brigades,  of  which  Gen.  Harland,  whose  com- 
mission ranked  Col.  Wright's  by  a  few  months,  was 
placed  in  command.  This  change  proved  in  the  end 
to  have  so  deferred  the  promised  promotion  of  Col. 
Wright  that  his  expectations  were  never  realized,  as 
his  injury  sustained  at  Alexandria  resulted  in  his 
turning  over  the  command  to  Lieut. -Col.  Tolles,  and 
his  furlough  and  resignation  from  the  service.  Thus 
the  15th  lost  the  fame  of  higher  rank  for  its  com- 
mander. 


i8o       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 
Gideon's  band. 

FROM   RECOLLECTIONS   OF    REGIMENTAL   SECRETARY,    LORD. 

Members  of  Co.  I  will  recall  that  comrade  of  theirs 
gifted  with  such  marvelous  knowledge  concerning 
future  movements  of  the  regiment,  and  in  some  cases 
of  the  army  itself.  They  could  never  understand  the 
sources  of  his  wonderful  information  (?)  So  soon  as 
any  camp  rumor  began  to  spread,  the  question  would 
be  asked,  "Who  said  so?"  and  the  reply  would  fol- 
low, "Sergt.  Jones."  That  settled  it!  Now  in  addi- 
tion to  this  gift  of  foresight  our  sergeant  possessed 
another  acquisition  almost  as  valuable,  a  great  ear 
for  vocal  music.  Under  his  guidance  a  number  of 
genial  comrades,  alike  charmed  with  the  possibilities 
of  the  human  voice,  united  themselves  in  an  organi- 
zation known  as  "Gideon's  Band."  They  were  musi- 
cally minded — or  at  least  they  thought  so — and  dis- 
coursed their  plaintive  melodies  at  all  times  and  in 
all  places.  Now  it  chanced  that  on  one  fair  evening- 
while  at  Suffolk,  they  hied  themselves  to  the  com- 
missary's tent  near  brigade  headquarters  and  pro- 
ceeded to  make  merry.  A  small  supply  of  "  hard  tack  " 
and  a  liberal  portion  of  fire-water  were  thoughtfully 
provided  to  ward  off  any  charge  of  inhospitality. 
Lieut. — not  of  the  15th — ofhcer  of  the  guard,  was 
called  in  and  at  their  expense  sat  down  to  the  feast. 
He  partook  bountifully  of  the  wine  and  the  drink- 
ables and,  after  giving  a  brilliant  exhibition  of  "chm 
fireworks,"  left  them  to  their  revelry.  It  was  truly 
a  soulful  occasion.  As  their  lungs  expanded  with 
music,  and  their  stomachs  swelled  under  the  fire- 
water treatment  their  energies  were  redoubled  until 
it  seemed  as  if  the  very  angels  must  pause  to  listen; 
if  the  latter  didn't.  Gen.  Harland  did  and  .summoning 
the  officer  of  the  guard  (their  guest)  unfeelingly 
ordered  the  chamber  concert  closed.  Judge  then  the 
consternation  when  this  minion  appeared  at  the  door 


Lieut.  Heber  S.  Ives. 


DEFENSE   OF   THE   UNION.  i8i 

of  the  tent  and  in  a  sorrowful  manner  announced 
that,  by  order  of  Gen.  Harland,  he  placed  them  all 
under  arrest.  What  a  cruel,  cruel  edict  I  vSome  of  them 
escaped  or  attempted  to,  but  finally  were  "rounded 
up"  and  taken  to  the  officers'  quarters  for  the  night's 
keeping.  vSuch  an  ignoble  ending  of  a  concert  was 
never  known  before.  At  dress  parade  the  next  after- 
noon their  entertainment  was  referred  to  very  touch- 
ingly  in  "general  orders"  and  the  non-commissioned 
officers  were  deprived  of  their  "  stripes,"  but, — owing 
to  the  good  record  of  the  men,  the  same  general 
orders  restored  them  again  with  the  injunction  to  be 
more  careful  in  future  when  they  let  themselves  out. 
As  for  the  Lieut.,  his  scalp  was  anxiously  sought  for 
a  good  man}'  moons,  though  it  did  not  appear  that 
the  poor  fellow  was  to  blame.  Occasionally  at  a 
reunion  in  these  late  days  is  heard  the  mysterious 
query,  "  What  band  ? "  and  the  answer  is  solemnly  re- 
turned "  Gideon's  !  " 

O'Connor's  raid  on  the  railroad  between  new   berne 

AND  .MOREHEAD  CITY. 

The  name  of  O'Connor,  who  was  the  most  fiendish 
guerrilla  the  Southern  Confederacy  gave  birth  to,  was 
rarely  mentioned  except  with  dread  by  the  Union 
forces.  His  infernal  gang  continually  hovered  about 
our  lines,  sometimes  mounted  and  sometimes  not, 
shooting  our  pickets,  capturing  outposts,  raiding 
weak  defences  and  terrorizing  things  generally.  In 
some  manner  he  learned  that  Gen.  Palmer,  then  in 
command  of  the  Department  of  New  Berne,  was 
accustomed  to  go  daily  to  Morehead  City,  where  he 
lodged,  and  return  by  train  next  morning.  O'Connor 
therefore  planned  his  capture.  Thus  it  came  about 
that  one  morning,  about  9  o'clock,  as  the  train  was 
proceeding  on  its  way  toward  New  Berne,  having  just 
passed  Croatan  station,  the  passenger  car  suddenly 
left  the  rails  and  plunged  along  the  sleepers.     At  the 


1 82        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

same  moment  fire  was  opened  from  the  woods  and  the 
rebel  3^ell  was  heard.  The  bumping  of  the  car  broke 
its  coupling,  and  the  engineer  seeing  the  situation, 
put  on  steam  for  New  Berne,  leaving  the  car  and  its 
occupants  to  their  fate.  The  trap  had  been  laid  with 
some  cunning.  During  the  previous  night  the  spikes 
had  been  drawn  from  one  of  the  rails  and  a  stout  rope 
attached  to  it,  leading  into  the  dense  woods  at  the 
side  where  was  concealed  a  party  of  O'Connor's  force. 
It  was  the  expectation  of  the  latter  to  draw  the  rail 
aside  and  ditch  the  entire  train,  but  by  some  miscal- 
culation the  engine  passed  over  the  break  and  was 
saved.  Luckily  Gen.  Palmer  was  not  on  the  train,  but 
three  men  of  the  15th  were.  Corporals  French  and  Mor- 
gan, of  D,  and  Thallman,  of  I.  These  were  quickly 
gobbled  up  and  their  captors,  knowing  a  host  would 
be  at  their  heels  when  the  alarm  reached  New  Berne, 
hurried  their  prisoners  across  the  Neuse  river  and 
back  into  the  country.  They  marched  all  day.  The 
guerrilla  chief  occasionally  flourished  his  revolver 
about  his  victims'  heads,  and  as  he  frequently  shot  a 
bird  from  a  limb  at  a  surprising  long  range,  confiden- 
tially informed  them  that  "the  surest  way  to  kill  a 
Yank  was  to  hold  the  gun  near  enough  to  his  head  to 
singe  the  hair."  While  they  expected  certain  death 
they  nevertheless  put  on  a  bold  face,  jeering  and  good 
naturedly  blackguarding  him  in  turn.  This  was  un- 
doubtedly the  best  policy.  The  day  came  to  an  end  and 
a  bivouac  was  made  in  a  dense  forest  of  pines.  The 
prisoners  were  not  bound  but  they  had  no  oppor- 
tunity to  confer  with  each  over  any  attempted  escape. 
The  night  was  one  of  the  darkest  North  Carolina 
ever  knew.  The  fire  had  died  down  until  it  gave 
little  or  no  light.     Morgan  thought  he  saw  his  chance. 

Turning  he  said  "  Connor,  you give  me  some 

tobacco."  The  guerrilla,  struck  by  the  boldness  of 
the  request  was  partially  thrown  off  his  guard  and  as 
he  was  about  to  comply,  Morgan   stepped  aside  into 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION.  183 

the  darkness  and  was  off  in  a  second.  How  soon  he 
was  missed  he  never  knew.  No  attempt  was  made  to 
follow  him  for  no  one  knew  the  direction  he  took. 
Fortunately  he  struck  the  road  in  a  few  minutes  and 
ran  for  his  life  as  he  supposed  toward  the  Neuse 
river.  In  this  he  was  not  disappointed.  Daylight 
found  him  at  that  stream,  and  signaling  a  Union  tug 
with  his  shirt,  he  was  taken  on  board  and  landed  at 
New  Berne.  His  comrades  were  afterward  paroled 
and  returned  to  the  regiment. 

CAPT.    BUTTRICKS'    REVERIES. 

November  10,  1893 — On  this  pleasant  evening  I 
find  myself  sitting  in  my  easy  chair,  my  thoughts 
going  back  to  the  days  of  1862,  when  in  all  the  pride 
and  enthusiasm  of  young  manhood  I  listened  to  what 
I  still  believe  to  have  been  the  call  of  duty  and 
enrolled  myself  among  those  who  were  to  constitute 
the  good,  brave,  and  exceptionally  moral  regiment  of 
Conn.  I  lent  my  best  efforts  in  raising  perhaps  the 
best  company,  so  far  as  good  morals  go,  that  com- 
posed the  old  15  th  C.  v.,  for  assuredly  no  one 
will  contradict  this  assertion,  that  Co.  I  was  noted 
for  its  strict  integrity  and  stern  morality;  if  so,  I  can 
point  with  confidence  to  one  still  living,  who  holds  a 
responsible  position  in  the  city  of  New  Haven,  and 
say  to  such  a  doubter :  go  ask  Bill  Nichols  if  Co.  I 
was  not  honest,  and  strictly  moral. 

Was  ever  a  lost  dog,  or  an  absent  minded  rooster 
traced  to  Co.  I?  Never;  all  traces  of  such  property 
was  sure  to  be  lost  before  the  search  could  reach  that 
point. 

How  well  do  I  remember  my  own  ignorance  of 
military  matters.  On  our  arrival  at  Camp  Chase,  I  was 
convinced  that  I  did  not  know  the  difference  between 
''left  face  "and  "break  files  to  the  rear,"  and  when 
that  famous  expression  was  made,  "  Augustus,  bring 
my  book,"  I  am  sure  it  voiced  the  unspoken  thoughts 


1 84       FIFTEENTH   CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

of  every  commissioned  officer  of  the  regiment. 
There  occurs  to  me  now  a  little  incident  that  hap- 
pened at  Camp  Chase,  when  two  of  the  members  of 
Co.  I,  who  had  been  relieved  from  guard  duty,  on  a 
certain  morning,  concluded  that  they  would  not  per- 
form the  customary  act  of  police  duty  in  the  company 
street,  and  so  notified  the  orderly  sergeant,  who  at 
once  reported  the  fact  to  the  Lieut,  commanding  the 
company.  Now  Charlie  Foote  and  Billy  Hubbard,  in 
the  simplicity  of  their  nature,  presuming  upon  their 
kinship  with  the  lieutenant,  took  the  bold  stand  that 
they  would  not  obey  the  tyrannical  orders  of  the 
orderly  sergeant,  and  so  informed  the  commanding 
officer,  and  appealed  to  him  for  protection.  Poor 
deluded,  unsophisticated  youths,  they  appealed  in 
vain,  the  lieutenant  gave  his  cousins  their  choice: 
police  duty,  or  the  guard  house.  Charlie  kicked, 
Billy  growled,  but  they  submitted,  and  afterward 
admitted  that  they  had  learned  a  needed  lesson. 

In  conversation  to-day,  with  one  of  the  members 
of  the  old  15th,  my  thoughts  went  back  to  the  days 
of  '63  ;  during  that  summer  the  regiment  was 
ordered  to  South  Mills,  N.  C,  where  we  spent 
a  delightful  time.  In  October  we  were  ordered 
out  on  a  scouting  expedition,  a  distance  of  perhaps 
forty  miles,  for  the  purpose,  as  was  supposed, 
of  intercepting  a  lot  of  guerrillas  that  were  known  to 
be  somewhere  in  the  vicinity.  As  a  matter  of  course 
the  object  of  the  expedition  was  successfully  accom- 
plished and  the  regiment  started  on  its  return.  It 
was  found  necessary  to  go  into  camp  somewhere  on 
the  road,  and  a  place  was  selected  near  some  farm 
houses.  The  proper  guards  and  pickets  were  sta- 
tioned and  Capt.  Buttricks  detailed  as  officer  of  the 
day.  All  went  well  until  nearly  morning  when  word 
was  brought  to  the  officer  of  the  day  that  foraging  on 
a  large  scale  was  going  on  among  the  poultry  yards 
near  the  camp.     Now,  Capt.   Buttricks    commanding 


DEFENSE   OF   THE   UNION.  185 

the  good  and  moral  company  of  the  regiment,  could 
not  endure  the  thought  that  stealing  hens  and  other 
innocent  birds  should  take  place  %Yhile  he  was  on 
duty.  He  hastened  to  the  scene  of  trouble  and  met 
a  number  of  members  of  the  regiment  but  all 
appeared  to  be  innocent  of  any  participation  in  any 
wrong  doing,  and  they  gravely  assured  the  captain 
that  they  had  not  seen  a  feather  ;  each  man,  however, 
carried  something  in  his  arms  which  the  credulous 
captain  conceived  to  be  merely  fire  wood  for  their 
morning  fire.  He  thought  he  heard  voices  and  sur- 
mised that  one  voice  was  that  of  Sergt.  Church,  of 
Co.  I.  He  called  out,  "Jim,  is  that  you?"  and  heard 
the  reply  in  the  affirmative.  He  then  inquired  "Are 
there  any  of  Co.  I  with  you,  and  have  you  anything 
to  do  with  this  chicken  raid?"  Sergt.  Church 
replied,  "•  Captain,  there  are  a  number  of  Co. 
I  here  but  they  are  all  asleep,  and  not  a 
chicken  amongst  us,"  at  the  same  time  whispering 
in  a  voice  loud  enough  to  be  heard  all  over  camp, 
"  Doc.  Lord,  you  blamed  chump,  tie  a  string  around 
that  goose  or  you'll  give  us  all  away."  Capt.  Buttricks 
retired  satisfied  that  it  had  been  a  false  alarm  and 
that  his  own  company  of  honest,  moral  men  had  not 
laid  dishonest  hands  on  an}^  rebellious  chickens. 
When  the  regiment  formed  the  next  day  to  return  to 
camp  at  South  Mills  it  was  observed  that  beginning 
at  the  right  and  extending  to  the  left  of  the  regiment 
every  company  carried  as  a  trophy  of  the  night's 
operations  some  kind  of  a  southern  bird,  not  all  of 
them  being  purely  song  birds,  although  they  could 
furnish  a  great  and  varied  amount  of  noise.  Co.  I 
presented  about  the  following:  Doc.  Lord,  one  goose 
with  a  neck  fully  30  inches  long  and  feathers  so 
ruffled  as  to  convey  the  idea  that  it  had  been  nearly 
strangled  in  the  effort  to  preserve  quiet;  Sergt. 
Church,  one  goose  and  one  duck,  both  having  very 
sore  throats  and  apparently  disgusted  with  the  wicked 


1 86       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

war,  and  the  prowling  "  Yanks  ;  "  Billy  Hubbard,  one 
large  sized  he  duck  that  made  more  noise  than  seven- 
teen bass  drums;  Lieut.  Roderiquez,  one  goose  very- 
much  discouraged,  while  the  champion  hen  persuader, 
Bill  Nichols,  had  both  arms  full  of  undressed  fowls, 
all  of  which  he  successfully  brought  into  camp.  No 
man  can  say  with  truth  that  any  southern  fowl  ever 
got  away  from  Bill  Nichols. 

Inquiries  were  made  of  Capt.  Buttricks  whether 
anything  had  been  taken  from  the  farm  houses  the 
night  before.  The  captain  gravely  asserted  that  all 
was  quiet  and  exceedingly  orderly. 

Three  men  of  Co.  I,  on  arrival  at  camp  were  how- 
ever in  trotible,  they  had  too  many  fowls  for  imme- 
diate consumption  and  they  dared  not  keep  them  in 
camp,  for  they  lost  confidence  in  the  honesty  of  some 
of  the  other  companies,  so  they  went  to  the  cabin  of 
a  respectable  colored  lady  a  short  distance  from  camp 
and  arranged  to  have  her  board  them  until  called  for, 
and  generously  paid  her  for  the  board  in  advance. 
In  the  course  of  two  weeks  they  decided  that  a  turkey 
dinner  would  be  in  order,  and  with  appetites  well 
sharpened  they  went  for  their  precious  property.  It 
is  needless  to  say  that  they  found  not  the  colored 
lady;  she  had  gone  visiting  friends  in  Virginia.  They 
found  not  the  chickens,  they  were  not  there;  they 
found  not  the  turkey,  he  had  disappeared;  they  dis- 
covered not  the  goose,it  had  also  gone  to  parts  unknown ; 
they  found  not  the  ducks,  they  too  had  departed  and 
the  place  that  did  know  them  knew  them  no  more. 
Were  the  boys  mad  ?  Oh  no,  Church,  Lord  and  Oscar 
Ives  were  simply  grieved  to  think  how  very  dishonest 
some  people  of  the  colored  race  could  be,  when  fowls 
were  in  the  question. 

Most  of  these  men  are  still  living  and  have  doubt- 
less fully  repented  of  any  wrong  doing  they  may 
have  been  guilty  of,  and  are  now  living  lives  of  use- 
fulness and  respectability,  but  if  I  was  a  hen  I  would 
keep  out  of  the  reach  of  police  officer  Bill  Nichols.    B. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  187 

THE    captain's    LOST    RATIONS. 

Guard  duty  was  not  generally  a  service  sought 
after,  yet  when  performed  under  favorable  circum- 
stances it  had  its  sunny  side  (in  the  day  time),  and 
was  not  esteemed  an  especial  hardship.  There  was  a 
wide  difference  among  the  captains  as  to  what  con- 
stituted the  most  efficient  duty  in  this  line,  conse- 
quently at  daily  "guard  mount  "  it  came  at  length 
to  be  a  matter  of  curiosity  as  to  who  would  be 
"officer  of  the  day."  Some  were  inclined  to  be  lax, 
others  were  easy  with  the  guard  3^et  held  it  well  in 
hand,  while  a  third  number  were  disposed  to  exact 
the  full  "  pound  of  flesh  "  on  every  occasion. 

Among  the  latter  was  one,  a  severe  martinet,  who 
despite  his  rigor,  did  not  appear  to  have  a  better  dis- 
ciplined company  than  man}-  a  brother  officer  per- 
haps more  liberal.  Be  that  as  it  may,  the  occasion  in 
mind  occurred  on  one  of  the  many  raids  made  from 

New  Berne  in  1864.  Captain was  made  "  Officer 

of  the  day  "  when  the  expedition  was  on  its  second 
morning  out.  Strict  orders  (as  usual)  had  been 
issued  against  foraging,  but  as  the  march  was  not 
resumed  early  and  no  one  (not  even  Sergt.  Jones) 
could  tell  when  it  would  be,  the  boys  became  a  bit 
restless  because  it  was  rumored  that  just  outside 
camp  an  old  farmer  lived  who  had  poultry  and  other 
"fixins"  for  sale.  The  temptation  was  too  strong 
and  some  of  the  more  venturesome  of  the  lads  man- 
aged to  get  the  wrong  side  of  the  lines  just  to 
"stretch  themselves"  as  was  wont  to  be  said. 
The  opportunity  was  not  wasted  and  on  their 
return  they  had  managed  to  accumulate  a  big  stock 
of  provisions.  Now  instructions  to  all  guards 
require  equal  caution  to  be  observed  in  permitting 
entrance  into  camp  as  well  as  departure  from  it,  and 
if  such  a  thing  could  be,  to  be  more  vigilant  in 
respect  to  the  former  than  the  latter,  hence  it  calls  for 


1 88        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

considerable  strategy  by  the  would-be  "  runner  "  to 
get  safely  in.  Thus  our  heroes  approached  a  point 
in  the  lines  where  they  regarded  it  safe  to  come 
through.  It  was  a  motley  procession.  Hanging 
about  their  necks,  and  clinging  to  them  in  various 
places,  were  chickens,  geese,  ducks,  turkeys  gar- 
nished with  eggs,  bacon,  vegetables,  etc.,  etc. 
Unluckily  the  aforesaid  "  officer  of  the  day "  was 
making  an  unexpected  round  and  observed  through 
the  bushes  the  approach  of  the  foragers.  They  were 
arrested  at  once  and  with  their  plunder  were  marched 
up  and  down  the  camp  as  a  warning  to  all  would-be 
offenders.  It  was  in  vain  that  the  victims  declared 
they  had  bought  (?)  the  supplies.  Justice  would  not 
be  satisfied  with  the  plea,  particularly  as  there  had 
not  been  a  pay-day  in  months,  and  when  parade  was 
ended  all  were  required  to  deposit  their  spoils  at  the 
officer's  quarters. 

It  was  a  royal  collection  of  eatables — and  as  the 
goods  could  not  well  be  returned,  and  as  it  would  be 
extremely  demoralizing  for  the  rank  and  file  to  con- 
sume them,  our  captain  conceived  the  brilliant 
policy  of  asking  his  brother  officers  to  breakfast  next 
morning,  and  the  invitations  were  accordingly  sent 
out.  During  the  night  some  graceless  wretch  or 
wretches  noiselessly  "drew"  these  rations  from 
their  repository  and  "  issued  "  them  to  their  comrades 
without  an  order.  What  was  the  captain's  wrath 
next  morning  when  the  raid  was  discovered  ?  Did 
he  not  array  himself  in  his  best  sword  and  stride  up 
and  down  the  company  streets?  Every  cook  was 
busy;  the  delightful  odors  of  ham,  pork,  chicken, 
eggs,  beef,  all  cooking,  met  him  on  every  hand,  but 
alas,  his  own  ''cupboard  was  bare."  To  cap  the  cli- 
max he  found  the  "field  stafE  and  line"  all  waiting 
for  his  return.  The  lesson  was  a  salutary  one.  He 
was  obliged  to  dismiss  his  guests  without  any  bene- 
diction.    A  little  later  however,  a  generous  meal  was 


DEFENSE   OF   THE   UXIOX.  189 

sent  him  of  the  confiscated  materials,  and  thereafter 
the  boys  had  no  more  trouble  when  he  was  officer  of 
the  day. 

COL.   TOLLES    AXD   CAPTS.  WHITE  AND    BUTTRICKS    GO  FISH- 
ING IX  LAKE    DRUMMOXD. 

FROM  RECOLLECTIONS  OF  GEORGE  W.   STODDARD,  CO.  B. 

This  incident  happened  while  a  part  of  the  regi- 
ment was  on  duty  patrolling  the  Dismal  Swamp 
canal.  Col.  Tolles  was  in  command  of  the  detach- 
ment. The  time  hung  rather  heavy  on  the  officers" 
hands  and  various  ways  were  devised  to  give  it  inter- 
est. Among  other  schemes,  Capt.  "White  figured  it 
out  one  day  that  there  must  be  good  fishing  in  Lake 
Drummond.  It  was  a  happy  thought.  In  the  fullness 
of  his  heart  he  invited  Col.  Tolles  and  Capt.  Buttricks 
to  accompany  him  and  to  score  an  unquestioned  suc- 
cess Bill  Xichols  was  put  in  charge  of  it.  Xever 
was  a  better  selection  made.  ''  Bill "  procured  the 
boat,  the  fishing  tackle,  the  lunch,  and  a  canteen  of 
"  snake-bite  cure "  (for  water  snakes),  and  now  see 
them  gaily  getting  away  in  the  early  morning,  the 
breeze  gently  fanning  their  whiskers  and  their  noble 
craft  bounding  forward  for  the  fishing  grounds  under 
Master  Xichols'  guidance. 

In  due  season  the  juniper  colored  waters  of  Lake 
Drummond  were  reached  and  the  anchor  was  let  go 
with  a  plunge  where  Xichols  had  seen  the  ripples 
made  by  the  bull-heads  waiting  to  bite.  But  alas  for 
the  fishermen  noon  came  and  went  and  not  a  solitary 
nibble  had  they  felt,  except  at  the  canteen.  The  sun 
was  hot.  the  breeze  had  gone  and  so  were  the  bull- 
heads. Col.  Tolles  gave  up  in  disgust,  and  in  spite  of 
Sailing  Master  Xichols'  assertion  that  tc/un  the  tide 
turned  the  fish  would  bite,  took  oflF  his  big  military 
boots  and  under  the  soothing  influence  of  a  "  lemon- 
ade "  stretched  himself  out  for  a  nap.      Time  passed; 


I90        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICFT   VOLUNTEERS. 

Capt.  Buttricks  fished;  Capt.  White  looked  for  snakes; 
Col.  Tolles  snored,  and— Bill  softly  sung: 

"  They  made  her  a  grave  too  cold  and  damp, 
For  a  heart  so  warm  and  true; 
And  she's  gone  to  the  lake  of  the  Dismal  Swamp, 

Where  all  night  long  by  her  fire-fly  lamp, 
She  paddles  her  light  canoe. 

"  And  oft  from  the  Indian  hunter's  camp. 

This  lover  and  maid  so  true; 
Are  seen  at  the  hour  of  midnight  damp. 

To  cross  the  lake  by  their  fire-fly  lamp, 
And  to  paddle  their  light  canoe. 

Not  a  fish  put  in  an  appearance,  not  even  to  hear 
Nichols  sing.  Something  had  to  be  done.  Very 
quietly  Nichols  fastened  one  of  the  Colonel's  heavy 
boots  to  the  latter's  line  and  dropping  it  over  the  side 
allowed  it  to  gently  meander  to  the  bottom.  When  it 
exhausted  the  line  it  brought  up  with  a  jerk  sufficient 
to  waken  the  Colonel,  who  had  kept  valiant  hold  of 
his  fish  pole.  Here  was  a  bite  sure,  and  a  strong 
one.  The  tide  had  turned.  Carefully  the  Colonel 
played  with  his  prize  lest  it  should  break  away,  but 
finally  with  the  assistance  of  his  gallant  brother 
officers  it  was  brought  to  the  surface  and  landed 
in  the  boat. 

[Note — It  is  not  thought  best  to  edit  the  remarks 
the  colonel  made  on  that  occasion]. 

At  this  stage  it  was  deemed  advisable  to  return  to 
camp.  The  extraordinary  demands  made  on  the 
steward's  supplies  to  celebrate  the  big  catch  entirely 
consumed  an  important  portion  of  them  and  rather 
than  run  any  risks  of  exposure  great  haste  was  made 
for  land.  That  night  the  joyful  event  was  further 
commemorated  and  the  gallant  colonel  reigned  the 
hero  of  the  hour,  as  the  only  man  who  ever  caught 
anything  at  all  out  of  the  "confounded  old  lake." 


Lieut    Augustus    P.   Day. 


BEFESSE   OF   THE   rSJOX.  191 

AX    IXCIDEXT    AT    LOXG    BRTDGE. 
BY   W.    H.    CATIXS,    C».   A. 

On  one  occasion,  in  the  fall  of  '62,  the  detach~eiit 
posted  at  the  Washington  end  of  Long  Bridge  was  in 
command  of  Lieut.  French  as  oScer  of  the  guard. 
Orders  were  very  strict  as  to  the  passage  of  persons 
and  property  into  Virginia,  and  unless  the  clearest 
evidence  could  be  produced  of  right  of  way  further 
advance  was  denied.  Along  came  one  dav  an  old 
individual  whose  papers  were  satisfactory,  but  who 
had  no  permit  for  a  barrel  of  cider  in  his  vehicle. 
Lieut.  French  required  he  should  deposit  the  "  liquid 
refreshment "'  in  the  guard  house  and  return  to  head- 
quarters for  the  proper  pass.  The  odor  of  the  apple 
juice  proved  a  sore  temptation  to  the  "  relief  "  loung- 
ing thereabouts,  and  it  was  sampled  so  liberally  that 
the  contents  entirely  disappeared.  Lieut.  French 
happening  in  a  little  later,  "sensed"  the  situation 
and  not  to  be  outdone  ordered  his  men  to  fill  the  bar- 
rel with  "  good  Potomac  water."  which  had  no  sooner 
been  done  and  the  bung  driven  home,  than  the 
owner  appeared  armed  with  the  proper  credentials. 
The  bovs  verv  kindly  loaded  the  barrel  on  his  wagon 
for  him  and  he  went  on  his  way  rejoicing. 

KARRATm:    OF    PRISOX   LIFE. 
5Y   UEtT.    A.    p.    DAT,    CO.    B. 

I  was  in  the  15th  Conn.  Vols,  from  its  formation  in 
Xew  Haven  in  1S62,  having  with  Capt,  Theodore 
Davis  and  Lieut.  Barnes,  raised  a  company  under  the 
name  of  the  :rd  Company  Xew  Haven  Grays,  which 
was  mustered  in  the  regiment  as  Co.  B,  of  which  I 
was  elected  second  lieutenant.  I  remained  with  the 
regiment  until  after  the  siege  of  Suffolk,  Virginia, 
when  I  was  detached  on  conscript  duty  at  Xew 
Haven,  returning  to  my  command  while  it  was  in 
camp  at  Portsmouth.  Va..  from  which  place  the  regi- 


1 9 2       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

ment  took  steamer  to  Morehead  City,  N.  C.  I  was 
then  promoted  to  First  Lieutenant  of  Co.  A,  Oct. 
30,  1863,  and  appointed  Act.  Asst.  Adjt.  General  on 
the  staff  of  Col.  Beach,  commanding  the  Conn.  Bri- 
gade, and  went  with  that  officer  and  the  i6th  Conn, 
to  Plymouth,  N.  C. 

The  town  was  captured  April  20,  1864,  after  a 
seige  of  three  days,  by  Confederate  troops  under  the 
command  of  Gen.  Hoke,  assisted  by  the  ram  Alber- 
marle,  and  I  found  myself  for  the  first  time  under 
the  "  Stars  and  Bars."  We  were  transported  up  the 
Roanoke  River  to  Halifax,  N.  C,  from  there  by  cars 
to  Libby  prison.  I  shall  never  forget  my  first 
impressions  of  that  place.  After  being  searched  by 
the  notorious  "Dick"  Turner,  we  ascended  a  flight  of 
broad  stairs  at  the  head  of  which  was  a  crowd  of 
what  looked  and  acted  like  demons.  Men  with  scant 
clothing  and  faces  blanched  from  a  year's  confine- 
ment, were  shouting  at  the  top  of  their  lungs  "  Fresh 
fish."  We  did  not  understand  what  w^as  meant  by 
this  term  until  later  when  we  found  that  all  new 
prisoners  were  called  by  that  name. 

In  the  rooms  at  the  top  of  the  stairs  we  found 
some  seven  hundred  officers,  many  of  whom  had  been 
confined  there  for  a  long  time;  we  were  questioned 
where  we  came  from  and  asked  the  latest  news  from 
the  outside  world. 

Most  of  us  found  some  one  we  knew  in  the  prison. 
I  was  taken  in  by  a  brother  *  of  Dr.  Cowles,  of  the 
15th  Regiment,  who  initiated  me  in  the  customs  of 
prison  life.  I  was  in  Libby  from  April  26  to  May  6. 
Libby  as  a  place  of  residence  was  not  so  bad  as  many 
I  was  in  afterwards,  for  here  we  were  sheltered.  The 
rations  were  very  scant  but  many  of  the  prisoners 
had  received  boxes  from  home  containing  provisions 
and  were  able  to  divide  their  prison  rations  with 
those  who  were  not  so  fortunate.     From   Libby  we 

♦Lieut.  Henry  F.  Cowles.  i8th  Conn.     Captured  at  the  battle  of   Winchester,  Va 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION.  193 

were  sent  to  Danville,  Va.,  where  we  were  confined  in 
a  large  tobacco  warehouse.  After  a  few  days'  stay 
there  we  were  ordered  to  take  cars  for  Macon,  Ga. 
This  was  a  disagreeable  trip  of  six  days  in  box  cars 
which  had  been  used  for  conveying  cattle  and  had 
not  been  cleaned  before  we  occupied  them.  Here  we 
ate  and  slept,  sixty-four  men  in  a  car;  no  room  to  lie 
down  and  we  had  to  sit  or  stand  all  the  way.  We 
were  much  relieved  when  we  arrived  at  Macon,  and 
were  placed  in  the  prison  pen,  formerly  used  as  the 
fair  grounds.  We  had  no  shelter  here  for  two  v\'eeks. 
After  that  a  small  supply  of  boards  was  furnished. 
The  boys  here  amused  themselves  by  tunneling. 
They  had  to  go  thirty  feet  under  the  dead  line  to  get 
outside  the  fence.  None  were  successful,  for  it  could 
only  be  done  on  dark  and  stormy  nights,  as  the  dirt 
had  to  be  dumped  into  the  creek  that  ran  through 
part  of  the  grounds.  Our  rations  here  were  a  pint  and 
a  half  of  corn  meal  and  a  half  a  pint  of  sorghum 
molasses  a  day,  and  a  scant  ration  of  wood  to  cook  it 
with.  The  corn  meal  was  composed  of  the  cob  and 
corn  ground  together,  and  before  we  ate  it  we  sifted 
it  through  tin  plates  punched  full  of  holes.  We 
were  hungry  all  the  time  on  that  fare.  A  few  times 
maggoty  bacon  was  furnished,  but  that  was  a  great 
luxury. 

Our  next  move  was  to  Savannah,  Ga.,  where  we 
were  placed  in  the  U.  S.  hospital  grounds  and  fur- 
nished tents.  We  had  no  complaints  to  make  as  to 
rations  or  treatment.  Here  we  were  guarded  by  the 
First  Ga.  Vet.  Regt.,  which  had  taken  part  in  battles 
at  the  North  and  had  been  sent  home  to  recruit.  At 
all  the  other  prisons  we  were  guarded  by  the  Home 
Guard,  composed  of  boys  and  old  men.  I  have  often 
been  impressed  by  the  remark  of  Gen.  Grant,  that 
the  "Rebs  robbed  the  cradle  and  the  grave  to  increase 
their  army,"  which  was  confirmed  by  an  incident  that 
came  under  my  observation.     At  one  of  the  prisons  a 

13 


194       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

boy  on  guard  had  a  pair  of  home-made  mittens  that 
I  was  anxious  to  have.  I  offered  to  trade  a  jack- 
knife  for  them;  he  was  anxious  to  have  the  knife,  but 
said  he  would  have  to  ask  his  grandfather,  who  was 
on  guard  at  another  post.      I  did  not  get  the  mittens. 

We  stayed  in  Savannah  from  July  29th  to  Sept.  13, 
1864,  when  we  were  ordered  to  move  to  Charleston,  S. 
C,  to  be  placed  under  fire  of  the  Union  battery  which 
was  then  shelling  that  city.  This  was  the  worst  place 
I  was  in.  We  were  confined  in  the  jail  yard,  between 
high  brick  buildings;  when  it  rained  the  yard  over- 
flowed with  filthy  water,  then  came  down  the  scorch- 
ing sun;  besides  that,  only  half  rations  were  issued, 
and  many  of  the  officers  were  taken  sick. 

Afterward  we  were  moved  into  the  work-house, 
where  the  quarters  were  more  comfortable,  but  very 
much  crowded.  We  enjoyed  hearing  the  shell  from 
the  Union  guns  coming  over  us,  and  bursting  in  the 
city.  None  of  them  came  near  enough  to  do  us  any 
harm,  and  they  relieved  the  inonotony  of  our  confine- 
ment. They  were  fired  about  every  half  hour.  In 
retaliation  to  the  rebs  for  putting  us  under  fire  our 
Government  sent  an  equal  number  of  rebel  prisoners 
and  put  them  on  Morris  Island,  ander  fire  from  the 
rebel  batteries.  This  did  not  suit  them,  and  so  strong 
a  remonstrance  was  made  to  the  Confederate  govern- 
ment that  they  agreed  to  send  us  from  Charleston  if 
their  men  were  removed  from  Morris  Island. 
Another  reason  for  desiring  our  removal  was  that  it 
was  very  unhealthy  in  Charleston,  many  of  the  men 
who  were  guarding  us  took  the  yellow  fever  and 
some  were  killed  by  our  shells.  We  were  then  sent 
to  Columbia,  S.  C,  and  camped  in  a  piece  of  woods 
about  two  miles  from  the  city,  where  we  were  able  to 
get  tools.  We  built  huts  of  logs.  If  it  rained  we  put 
our  blankets  on  the  roof  to  keep  lis  dry. 

As  this  was  a  large  camp  with  no  fence,  the 
guard  could  not  keep   the  prisoners  from   escaping, 


DEFENSE  OF   THE   UNION.  i^^ 

and  a  pack  of  bloodhounds  were  used  to  track  the  pris- 
oners who  attempted  to  escape.  One  officer  who  tried 
to  escape  was  so  badly  mangled  by  the  hounds  that 
he  died.  Two  of  the  hounds  came  into  the  camp  early 
one  morning-,  but  they  never  went  out  alive.  An 
unfortunate  old  boar,  with  projecting  tusks,  came  into 
the  camp  one  day;  about  three  hundred  officers  were 
after  him,  captured  him,  and  in  less  time  than  I  can 
take  to  tell  it,  he  was  distributed  among  those  who 
were  fortunate  enough  to  be  near.  I  have  been  told 
by  those  who  sampled  it,  that  it  was  so  tough  they 
could  not  eat  it,  and  the  only  flavor  it  had  was  garlic. 
There  was  much  dissatisfaction  with  our  govern- 
ment, among  the  prisoners,  because  we  were  not 
exchanged.  Exchange  was  something  that  Avas  always 
looked  for  when  we  moved  but  never  seemed  to 
come.  Yet  these  men  confined  and  suffering  were 
loyal,  notwithstanding  the  many  hard  things  said  and 
the  complaints  made.  A  vote  for  president  taken 
Oct.  17,  1864,  shows  how  loyal  they  were  when  we 
consider  that  President  Lincoln  had  for  his  oppo- 
nent Gen.  McClellan,  who  was  the  idol  of  the  men  in 
the  army.  When  the  vote  was  counted  it  stood  1,024 
for  Lincoln  and  143  for  McClellan. 

Nov.  24  of  that  year  was  Thanksgiving  day. 
There  were  four  New  England  boys  in  our  mess  and 
we  had  planned  ahead  to  have  a  Thanksgiving 
dinner,  no  matter  how  hungry  we  might  be  after- 
ward. I  was  fortunate  enough  to  receive  a  box  from 
home  containing  some  mince  pies,  pickles,  preserves, 
etc.  Another  of  the  mess  had  procured  some  money 
through  friends  in  the  South.  We  bought  a  turkey 
for  $30.00  Confederate  money,  about  two  weeks 
before  Thanksgiving  day.  We  divided  our  rations  of 
corn  meal  to  feed  the  bird,  for  he  was  not  very  fat 
when  we  bought  him.  We  gave  him  all  he  could  eat. 
We  coaxed  him  to  eat  and  we  watched  him  day  by 
day  to  see  him  grow.     We  never  left  him  alone;  tied 


196        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

to  a  stake  during-  the  day  a  guard  was  over  him,  at 
night  he  roosted  inside  our  hut. 

The  day  before  Thanksgiving  we  built  a  chimney 
of  mud  and  sticks  inside  the  hut,  gathered  hickory 
wood  and  made  a  good  fire  in  the  fireplace.  After 
the  bird  had  been  prepared  a  stick  was  run  through 
it  and  it  was  supported  over  the  fire  by  crotch ed 
sticks.  We  took  turns  all  night  turning  and  basting. 
Never  shall  I  forget  that  dinner.  We  all  pronounced 
it  the  best  we  ever  sat  down  to.  For  my  part  I  never 
enjoyed  one  more  than  that. 

While  in  the  camp  one  of  the  prisoners  was  shot 
and  killed  by  a  guard  for  no  cause  whatever,  as  he 
was  not  near  the  dead  line  and  thirty  feet  from  the 
guard.  On  Dec.  12,  1864,  we  moved  into  the  city  of 
Columbia  and  were  confined  in  the  insane  asylum 
yard.  Here  we  spent  the  coldest  of  the  winter 
months  with  but  little  shelter  and  less  fuel,  suffering 
much  from  the  cold  and  exposure.  From  Columbia 
we  were  driven  out  by  the  advance  of  Gen.  Sherman, 
who  occupied  the  city  a  few  days  after  we  left.  On 
our  way  North,  near  Winsborough,  N.  C,  we  ran  over 
a  number  of  cattle,  throwing  the  engine  off  the  track. 
The  rebs  allowed  us  to  have  the  cattle  that  were 
killed  and  we  soon  had  them  cut  up  and  divided 
among  us.  It  was  the  first  ration  of  fresh  meat 
issued  us  since  leaving  Savannah  five  months  before. 
As  there  was  no  way  of  getting  the  locomotive  on  the 
track  they  built  a  track  around  it  which  took  about 
three  days.  Behind  our  train  were  a  number  of 
trains  filled  with  people  who  had  fled  from  Columbia 
in  fear  of  Sherman's  army.  They  passed  us  on  foot, 
having  been  obliged  to  leave  their  cars,  and  we 
encouraged  them  all  we  could  by  singing  Union 
songs  and  reminding  them  that  Sherman  was  just 
behind  them  and  that  it  would  be  well  for  them  to 
hurry  up.  After  repairs  were  made  we  continued  on 
our  journey,  stopping  for  a  few  days  at  Raleigh,  N.  C. 


DEFENSE  OF   TEE    UNION. 


197 


Here  we  saw  seventeen  hundred  prisoners,  who  had 
been  brought  from  Andersonville  to  be  exchanged. 
Their  condition  was  terrible  beyond  all  description, 
though  these  men  were  called  the  "well  prisoners." 
Many  seemed  to  have  lost  their  reason  and  some  from 
sheer  exhaustion  and  feebleness  were  obliged  to  crawl 
on  their  hands  and  knees  over  the  frozen  ground  from 
the  train  to  the  camp. 

It  was  the  intention  to  take  us  to  Wilmington, 
N.  C,  for  exchange,  but  while  we  were  on  our  way 
Gen.  Terry,  with  a  military  and  naval  force  captured 
that  place  and  delayed  the  exchange.  However  the 
time  came  at  last  for  our  release,  and  on  Feb.  28,  1865, 
a  few  miles  outside  of  the  city  we  entered  the  Union 
lines  and  beheld  the  Stars  and  Stripes  for  the  first 
time  in  nearly  a  year.  To  describe  that  scene  would 
be  impossible.  Men  laughed,  cried,  sang,  danced  and 
hugged  each  other  for  joy. 

After  a  short  stay  at  Wilmington  we  took  trans- 
ports for  Annapolis,  from  there  were  allowed  to  go 
home  for  a  short  time.  I  received  a  leave  of  absence 
for  two  weeks  to  go  to  Danville,  Va.,  to  recover  the 
body  of  Maj.  Osborne,  who  died  there  while  a  pris- 
oner. I  returned  to  New  Haven  with  his  remains.  I 
then  rejoined  my  regiment  at  Kinston,  N.  C. 


Note— At  the  capture  of  Lieut.  Day,  at  Plymouth,  as  stated, 
he  surrendered  his  sword  to  Col.  E.  S.  Badger,  of  Raleigh,  N.  C. 
In  1883  he  learned  that  the  trophy  was  still  in  existence  and  in  the 
Badger  family.  Measures  were  taken  to  secure  its  return,  which 
were  successful,  and  with  true  Southern  chivalry  a  brother  of 
Colonel  Badger  put  the  weapon  in  complete  order  and  restored  it 
to  him. 


PART    II. 

CAMP    BLINDNESS NARRATIVE    OF    CAPT.  EDWIN  A.   THORPE 

grant's    interview  of  a   15TH    MAN AN  INCIDENT 

OF     THE     HON.     JAMES     GALLAGHER THE     DRUMMER'S 

MISHAP THE  WOUNDING   OF  MAJOR    OSBORNE FLIGHT 

AND  RECAPTURE  OF  CAPT.  WHITE  AND  LIEUT.  LINSLEY 
—  RECOVERY  OF  THE  SWORD  OF  CAPT.  DAVIS CHAP- 
LAIN   DOOLITTLE's    CHRISTMAS     GIFT SURRENDER    OF 

THE   REGIMENTAL  COLOR    AT     KINSTON THE  CENTRAL 

VIRGINIA  MEAT  MARKET — CONCERNING  "  THE  BLACK- 
BERRY   RAID." 

CAMP     BLINDNESS. 

Among  the  man}^  diseases  treated  in  the  array 
there  was  one  not  alluded  to  in  any  of  the  medical 
journals  that  the  writer  is  aware  of.  This  surprising- 
ailment  was  quite  prevalent  at  times.  It  affected 
Union  and  Confederate  soldiers  alike;  and  what  was 
certainly  singular,  was  confined  inainly  to  the  rank 
and  file,  though  now  and  then  an  officer  was  affected, 
but  such  cases  were  rare.  It  more  frequently  at- 
tacked its  victims  while  on  guard.  There  w^as  always 
warning  of  its  approach,  but  this  alarm  was  instantly 
succeeded  by  such  an  extraordinary  indisposition  to 
do  anything,  that  before  the  patient  was  aware  the 
full  symptoms  were  upon  him.  The  malady,  while  it 
lasted,  was  highly  acute.  It  took  the  form  of  blind- 
ness, "  Camp  blindness,"  it  possibly  might  be  termed- 
Its  duration  was  but  tnomentary,  however.  When  the 
attack  was  past,  no  harmful  results  were  discovered, 
and  there  appeared  no  weakening  of  any  of  the  facul- 
ties, unless  in  the  matter  of  conscience.  A  few  held 
that  the  latter  organ  suffered  a  severe  strain,  which 
appeared  to  some  quite  probable.  It  never  showed 
itself  in  the  face  of  the  enemy,  but  rather  in  settled 
camps,  in  bivouacs,  on  raids,  etc.,  etc.     To  illustrate: 


Lieut.  John   H.   Hall. 


DEFENSE   OF   THE   UNION.  199 

a  sentinel  is  on  his  post.  He  is  alive  to  the  respon- 
sibility of  the  position.  Every  faculty  is  quickened, 
and  he  thinks  only  of  the  security  of  his  comrades. 
He  grasps  his  rifle  sturdily,  and  steps  off  upon  his 
beat  imperious  and  strong-.  Suddenly  he  pauses, 
seems  dazed,  turns  abruptly  in  his  tracks  may  be, 
apparently  loses  control  of  himself,  stands  irresolute 
or  moves  unconsciously.  All  this  takes  place  within 
a  brief  space,  say  a  minute  or  less;  but  during  its 
continuance  his  comrades,  who  may  have  uninten- 
tionally wandered  outside  the  lines,  seize  upon  his 
helplessness  and  the  opportunity  to  come  into  camp 
with  whatever  they  may  have  picked  up  on  the  out- 
side.    It  was  a  singular  disease  ! 

NARRATIVE  OF  CAPT.  EDWIN   A.  THORPE,  CO.   K,   29TH  CONN. 

VOLS,   (colored). 

I  enlisted  in  Co.  E,  15th  Conn.,  in  1862,  and  was 
appointed  corporal,  in  which  capacity  I  served  until 
late  in  Nov.,  1863.  At  that  time  I  received  notifica- 
tion from  Maj.-Gen.  W.  H.  Russell,  of  New  Haven 
(of  whose  institute  I  was  a  graduate),  that  he  would 
secure  for  me,  through  Gov.  Buckingham,  a  lieuten- 
ant's commission  in  some  one  of  the  colored  regi- 
ments then  forming,  provided  I  could  pass  the  neces- 
sary examination  at  Washington.  I  at  once  applied 
for  a  furlough,  stating  my  wishes,  and  was  the  first 
enlisted  man  of  the  15th  Conn,  to  receive  one  for 
such  a  reason. 

The  examination  followed  in  due  time,  and  I  was 
graded  as  captain,  and  assigned  to  the  i8th  U.  vS. 
Colored  Troops.  Later,  through  the  intervention  of 
Gov.  Buckingham,  I  was  transferred  to  the  29th  Conn. 
Vols.,  and  had  it  not  been  for  delay  in  receiving  my 
commission,  should  have  ranked  as  senior  captain  in 
that  regiment.  While  in  camp  the  regiment  was  re- 
viewed by  Maj.-Gen.  Burnside,  who  asked  that  it  be 
sent  to  the  9th  Corps  at  Annapolis,  Md.,  of  which  the 


200       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

Third  Division  was  to  be  composed  of  colored  troops. 
His  request  was  granted,  and  the  regiment  proceeded 
by  the  steatnship  Warrior  to  Annapolis,  April  2d. 
As  it  was  the  first  of  the  colored  troops  to  arrive,  it 
excited  great  curiosity ;  but  in  company  with  two 
other  regiments  of  colored  troops  it  was  shortly  after 
sent  to  South  Carolina  to  relieve  part  of  the  loth 
Corps,  arriving  at  Beaufort  about  April  26th.  The 
regiment's  stay  there  ended  August  8th,  the  time 
being  taken  up  with  drilling,  especially  in  marks- 
manship and  picket  duty.  During  part  of  the  time  I 
was  in  command  of  a  detached  line  of  pickets,  oc- 
cupying several  of  those  islands  lately  swept  by  the 
storm  with  so  great  loss  of  life. 

The  regiment  landed  at  Bermuda  Hundred  August 
13th,  and  the  next  day  was  held  in  reserve  in  the 
action  at  Deep  Bottom.  We  were  engaged  in  various 
movements  till  the  26th,  when  we  furnished  the  first 
picket  line  of  colored  troops  under  my  command,  in 
front  of  Gen.  Butler's  headquarters.  The  next  day 
we  went  into  the  trenches  in  front  of  Petersburg, 
remaining  constantly  under  fire  till  vSeptember  25th, 
when  we  were  relieved  to  prepare  for  a  secret  move- 
ment. September  25th,  as  part  of  the  loth  Corps,  the 
regiment  marched  all  night  to  the  north  side  of  the 
James,  crossing  at  Deep  Bottom,  and  took  part  in  the 
action  of  September  29th  at  vSpring  Hill  and  Chapin's 
Farm.  About  the  middle  of  the  afternoon,  while  the 
reg't  was  in  reserve,  I  was  wounded  and  taken  to  the 
field  hospital,  and  thence  to  the  officers'  hospital  at 
Hampton.  Still  later,  after  a  brief  leave  of  absence 
to  visit  Connecticut  I  returned  to  Annapolis  and 
remained  until  able  to  rejoin  my  regiment  in  front  of 
Richmond,  February  7,  1865.  We  remained  in  winter 
quarters  there  until  April  3d,  1865.  On  that  morning 
we  were  roused  long  before  daylight  by  the  explo- 
sions and  fires  of  the  Confederates  destroying  their 
works  and  gunboats,  and  burning  the  city  of  Rich- 
mond.    As  soon  as  daylight  gave  a  safe  passage,  the 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  201 

regiment  passed  the  torpedoes  in  front  of  the  rebel 
forts  and  started  for  Richmond,  toward  which  Co.'s 
C  and  G  had  skirmished  from  the  picket  line, 
where  they  had  obtained  from  two  deserters  the  first 
information  of  the  evacuation  of  the  city.  It  was  a 
race  as  to  which  should  be  the  first  regiment  in  the 
rebel  capital.  By  forced  marching  we  were  able  to 
enter  the  city,  preceded  only  by  the  2d  Battalion  of 
Mass.  cavalry  attached  to  Gen.  Weitzel's  headquarters. 
The  triumph  of  the  hour  eclipsed  even  the  terrific 
grandeur  of  the  burning  city,  for  we  knew  the  war 
was  almost  ended. 

April  14th  the  regiment  marched  for  Petersburg, 
arriving  next  da}^  just  in  time  to  learn  of  the  death 
of  the  martyred  President.  In  a  few  days  it  was  sent 
to  Point  Lookout  to  assist  in  guarding  the  great 
prison  camp  there.  From  there,  in  the  latter  part  of 
May,  it  returned  to  City  Point  to  prepare  for  the 
expedition  to  Texas  under  Gen.  vSheridan. 

The  regiment  sailed  on  the  steamer  Blackstone 
for  Texas  June  nth.  After  spending  a  few  days  at 
Fort  St.  Philip,  it  finally  reached  Brazos  De  Santiago 
July  2d,  and  the  next  day  started  for  Brownsville, 
passing  over  the  old  battle  field  of  Resaca  de  la  Palma. 
It  remained  at  Brownsville  till  mustered  out  October 
24,  1865. 

I  have  none  but  words  of  commendation  for  the 
men  of  this  regiment.  They  were  tractable  and 
brave,  eager  to  excel  in  all  the  qualities  of  a  soldier, 
so  much  so  as  to  win  the  credit  for  the  brigade  of 
which  they  were  a  part,  of  presenting  the  most 
soldierly  appearance  of  any  brigade  in  either  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  or  the  Army  of  the  James. 

GEN.    GRANT    INTERVIEWS    A    15TH    MAN. 
BY    CHAS.    D.    BARNES   OF   CO.    B. 

It  was  at  Fortress  Monroe  that  I  first  saw  Gen. 
Grant.     I  had  been  sent  down  from  Portsmouth  with 


20  2        FIFTEEXTR  COXXECTICUT  VOLUyTEEES. 

a  small  squad  of  prisoners  taken  on  one  of  the  raids, 
I  think  on  the  Blackwater,  and  after  delivering  them 
to  the  provost  guard  at  the  fortress,  marched  down 
again  to  the  dock  to  wait  for  the  return  boat.  Our 
squad  stacked  arms  and  lounged  about  the  wharf 
amusing  themselves  as  the  boys  always  would  under 
the  watchful  eye  of  a  guard  who  was  pacing  his  beat. 
Several  bales  of  hay  were  scattered  about  on  the 
wharf  and  I  sat  down  upon  one  of  them.  Soon  after, 
a  short,  thick  set  man  sauntered  down  the  wharf, 
without  any  sign  of  rank  visible,  except  that  his 
clothes  were  rather  better  than  we  in  the  ranks  were 
in  the  habit  of  wearing.  I  took  him  to  be  an  enlisted 
man  on  detached  service  in  the  Quartermaster's 
department.  He  sat  down  on  a  neighboring  bale  and 
lit  his  cigar,  when  up  walks  the  guard  and  says,  "  Xo 
smoking  on  this  dock,  sir."  "Well,  I  guess  that's 
right,  it  is  rather  dangerous,"  remarked  my  neighbor, 
still  sitting  on  his  bale  of  hay.  I  do  not  remember 
whether  I  addressed  him  first  or  he  me,  but  he 
inquired  where  I  was  from,  my  regiment,  etc.,  where 
stationed,  etc.  I  told  him  I  was  down  from  Ports- 
mouth with  a  few  "  Johnnies  "  that  had  been  captured. 
He  inquired  who  was  in  command  in  that  section; 
asked  who  and  what  troops  were  there  and  whether 
the  boys  appeared  to  be  in  good  spirits,  etc.,  also 
inquired  about  our  rations  and  finally,  as  a  tug-boat 
rounded  the  point,  remarked,  "there  comes  my  boat," 
and  bidding  me  "good  day,"  walked  aft  into  the 
cabin.  I  noticed  a  peculiar  (to  me)  flag  at  the  stern 
of  the  boat  and  asked  a  guard  who  it  was  that  went 
on  board;  his  answer  was,  "General  Grant."  The 
guard  on  the  dock  did  not  seem  to  know  him,  nor  was 
he  attended  by  any  one  from  the  fortress.  I  had  not 
the  slightest  idea  that  he  was  an  officer,  or  at  least  a 
commissioned  officer;  from  his  unassuming  manner  I 
took  him  to  be  an  ordinary  soldier  on  detached  ser- 
vice.    Wh2ther  his  staff  were  on  board  the  tug  I  do 


DEFENSE   OF   THE  VNIOX.  ,03 

not  know,  but  certainly  none  were  with  him  on  the 
dock  and  none  showed  themselves  on  the  boat. 
What  other  comm-ander  was  ever  so  nhassnming-  ? 

AX    IXCIDEXT    OF    THE    MUSIC     HALL     PUBLIC    MEETIXG, 
JULY,    1S62. 

One  incident  connected  with  the  great  Music  HaU 
meeting,  held  in  Xew  Haven,  in  July.  1S62.  should  not 
go  unnoticed,  not  only  on  account  of  the  prominence 
of  the  speaker,  but  because  it  reflected  the  sentiments 
of  so  many  of  the  "War  Democrats  "  of  that  time. 

Among  those  who  were  to  address  that  meeting, 
was  the  Hon.  James  Gallagher.  When  it  came  his 
turn  to  speak,  he  advanced  to  the  foot-lights,  throwing 
off  his  coat  as  he  did  so,  and  drawing  from  his  pocket 
a  well-filled  wallet,  thrust  it  on  the  table  with  a  loud 
bang,  saying  as  he  only  could :  ''  Citizens,  this  regi- 
ment must  be  in  the  field  inside  of  thirty  days  if  it 
takes  my  last  dollar." 

The  applause  that  followed  was  beyond  all  expres- 
sion. When  the  15th  Conn,  was  finally  placed  in  the 
field,  it  had  no  warmer  friend  and  supporter  than 
James  Gallagher. 

THE    drummer's    MISHAP. 
BY   SERGT.  W.  R.  MACKAY. 

That  armv  is  said  to  be  the  most  effective  which 
most  implicitly  obeys  orders. 

••  Theirs  not  to  make  reply. 
Theirs  but  to  do  and  die." 

is  commended  as  the  only  creed  the  man-at-arms, 
should  know;  hence  the  never  ceasing  drill  of  the 
soldier  to  bring  him  to  the  desired  subjection.  With- 
out pausing  to  discuss  whether  brains  or  machines 
achieve  the  best  results  in  war,  all  admit  that  without 
severe  discipline,  modem  armies  would  be  inefficient 
enough.  The  habit  of  automatic  obedience  can  only 
be  secured  bv  long  and  careful  training  in  what  many 


204       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOIUNTEERS. 

would  consider  the  non-essentials.  The  commendable 
discipline  and  steadiness  of  the  15th,  was  not  acquired 
in  a  day;  it  began  with  small  squads  at  Camp  Chase 
and  ended  with  those  statuesque  dress  parades  and 
guard  mounts  at  Xew  Berne. 

These  parades  were  the  pride  of  the  regiment. 
Any  regular  array  officer  might  have  been  envious  of 
them.  They  were  the  embodiment  of  what  discipline 
could  accomplish,  and  both  officers  and  men  scarcely 
dared  breathe  while  they  were  in  progress.  There 
was  one  occasion  however,  when  the  gravity  of  the 
warriors  was  most  sorely  tried,  indeed  they  utterly 
failed  to  keep  it,  and  broke  out  into  one  prolonged 
howl  of  delight. 

The  incident  happened  at  a  brigade  guard  mount. 
Adjutant  Rand  had  his  men  in  superb  array.  Every 
movement  was  timed  to  perfection  and  every  soldier 
moved  like  a  machine.  When  the  evolutions  reached 
that  point  where  the  band  parades,  that  windy  body 
struck  out  as  a  hundred  times  before,  while  the  lines 
stood  absolutely  motionless.  On  the  return,  the  time 
is  usually  quickened;  in  this  instance,  the  musicians 
had  reached  about  midway  the  force,  every  man  blow- 
ing his  best,  with  Bush  the  big  bass  drum  man  bring- 
ing up  the  rear,  twirling  such  gyrations  of  his  drum- 
sticks as  he  only  could  flourish.  It  was  an  imposing 
spectacle.  Capt.  White's  bosom  (officer  of  the  day) 
swelled  with  emotion,  and  Adjutant  Rand  vowed 
there  was  never  anything  like  it  before.  Suddenly 
an  innocent  tent  pin  rose  up  out  of  the  ground, 
directly  in  front  of  the  big  drum;  Bush  caught  his  toe 
on  it;  alas,  alas!  up  went  the  drumsticks  in  the  air, 
and  down  went  the  musician  on  top  of  his  drum;  the 
momentum  of  the  pace  carried  both  along,  the  drum 
rolling  forward,  and  he  prone  on  his  stomach  was 
riding  it,  his  arms  and  legs  flying  in  all  directions  in 
frantic  efforts  to  stop.  Well,  it  was  a  sight. 
Nothing  like  it  had  ever  been   seen  before.     Words 


DEFEJS^SE   OF    THE   UXIOX.  ,05 

cannot  picture  the  utter  ludicrousness  of  the  scene: 
self-control  was  impossible,  and  such  a  mightv  burst 
of  laughter  as  went  up  from  the  throats  of  the  boys 
in  the  ranks,  was  never  heard  before  or  since,  in  all 
North  Carolina. 

THE    WOUXDIXG    OF    MAJOR    OSBORXE,    AT    THE    BATTLE 
OF    KIXSTOX,    1865. 

Major  Osborne— says  George  W.  Stoddard,  of  Co. 
B,  was  sitting  in  front  of  his  tent,  in  the  rear  of  the 
2d  Battalion,  when  Gen.  Hoke's  forces  came  up 
on  our  flank.  He  arose  at  the  alarm  and  was  in  the 
act  of  buckling  on  his  sword  as  the  first  volley  was 
discharged,  and  was  woimded  at  that  fire.  Stoddard 
with  three  comrades,  placed  him  in  a  blanket  and 
started  across  the  field,  in  the  direction  of  our  skir- 
mish line.  The  major  was  heav}'  and  they  were 
forced  by  his  weight  and  his  wound  to  move  slowly. 
Before  going  far,  the  rebel  horde  was  upon  them,  and 
of  a  squad  of  a  dozen  or  more  who  surrounded  them, 
one  bolder  than  the  others  commenced  rifling  the 
major's  pockets,  taking  therefrom  a  handsome  gold 
watch.  Capt.  Davis  who  had  just  come  up,  seized  the 
thief  and  turning  to  a  Confederate  officer  near  said, 
'*  Captain,  do  you  allow  your  men  to  rob  a  dying  officer 
— Major  Osborne  of  the  15th  Conn?  "  *'  Not  if  I  know 
it,"  replied  the  officer;  but  for  all  that  the  watch  was 
not  recovered,  though  the  thief  was  sent  under  guard 
within  the  Confederate  lines  across  Southwest  Creek. 
The  bearers  with  their  precious  burden,  were  ordered 
across  the  bridge  at  the  mill,  where  they  left  the 
wounded  major  in  charge  of  the  Confederate  surgeons. 

Stoddard  was  less  fortunate  in  preserving  his 
"personal  eft'ects."  Up  came  a  dirty  "gray-back" 
armed  onlv  with  a  canteen  and  a  shovel,  and  bringing 
a  Xo.  1 1  hand  down  on  the  tall  private's  head  with  a 
whack,  said  ''Yank,  I  want  that  hat." at  the  same  time 
appropriating  Stoddard's  hat.  a  fine  soft  one,  his  wife 


2o6       FIFTEEXTH  COXNECTICUT   VOL  UXTEERS. 

had  recently  sent  him.  "Now,"  said  the  Johnnie, 
"  give  me  that  waist-belt  "  whipping  out  a  big  knife 
as  he  spoke  and  cutting  it  from  his  prisoner.  The 
15th  Conn,  man  began  to  be  concerned  lest  the  next 
demand  would  be  for  the  clothes  he  wore,  but  that 
was  averted.  "Johnnie"  says  Stoddard:  ''What  are 
vou  doing  with  that  shovel  in  the  place  of  arms; 
Avhere's  your  gun?"  "Yank,  I  am  a  pit-sinker  for  a 
sharpshooter  to  pick  off  you-uns,"  was  the  reply,  and 
then  Stoddard  thoughtfully  accompanied  him  to 
Kinston. 

THE    STORY    OF     THE     FLIGHT    AND     RE-CAPTURE     OF     CAPT. 
WHITE    AND     LIEUT.    LINSLEV,    IN    MARCH,     1865. 

BY   CAPT.    GEORGE   M.    WHITE. 

[The  reader  has  obser\'ed.  reference  is  made  to  this  incident  in 
Chapter  XL  Since  that  time,  the  following  paper  has  been 
found,  and  we  hasten  even  at  the  risk  of  repetition  to  give  it 

entire.] 

Through  a  mistake  of  the  major-general  in  com- 
mand of  the  troops  near  Xew  Berne,  X.  C,  the  15  th 
Conn,  and  the  27th  Mass.  were  placed  in  a  position 
where  15,000  Confederates  surrounded  and  captured 
them.  The  prisoners  were  started  on  foot  for  Rich- 
mond in  charge  of  a  force  of  the  Veteran  Reserve  of 
the  Confederate  army.  One  night,  soon  after  the  long 
march  was  begun,  Capt.  White  escaped,  accompanied 
by  Lieut.  vSolomon  F.  Linsley  of  Co.  K,  15th  Regi- 
ment. At  the  Staunton  river  they  found  a  boat  which, 
after  using  it  to  carry  them  to  the  opposite  shore,  they 
set  adrift.  They  soon  found  that  they  had  landed  on 
an  island,  and  had  crossed  less  than  half  of  the  river. 
They  made  a  raft  of  rails,  tied  together  with  grape- 
vines, and  had  nearly  reached  the  main-land,  when  the 
raft  went  to  pieces  and  they  were  obliged  to  swim. 
They  subsequently  found  that  they  must  again  cross 
the  river.  From  this  point  the  story  is  here  given  in 
Capt.  White's  own  words. 


DEFENSE    OF   THE   UXIOX.  207 

We  found  a  colored  man.  past  the  prime  of  life, 
-who  for  twenty  dollars  agreed  to  bring  us  a  good  sup- 
ply of  broiled  chicken  and  com  bread  soon  after  dark 
and  then  pilot  us  to  a  ferry  where  we  could  get  across 
the  river  on  the  sly,  before  daylight  the  next  morning. 
By  this  time  I  was  pretty  nearly  used  up,  but  Lieut. 
Linsle}'  seemed  constantly  getting  his  second  wind. 
Whenever  I  was  on  the  verge  of  despondencv  or  dis- 
gTist,  or  in  other  words,  whenever  I  began  to  swear, 
Linsley  would  come  up  smiling  with  some  new  idea. 
So  now  when  the  colored  brother  with  our  twenty 
dollars  failed  to  come  to  our  hiding  place  on  time, 
Linsley  insisted  on  going  in  search  of  him,  and  when 
he  started  I  knew  he  would  find  him,  as  he  did.  He 
came  back  with  the  darkey  and  the  chicken  and  the 
corn  bread,  and  with  the  news  that  the  ferrv  had 
been  temporarily  interrupted  in  its  operations,  but 
would  be  funning  again  by  eleven  o'clock  that  night. 

Our  arrangements  were  soon  made,  and  eleven 
o'clock  found  us  at  the  appointed  rendezvous  in  con- 
ference with  the  old  colored  man,  who  for  thirty  years 
had  run  that  particular  ferry.  He  told  us  that  he  had 
thirteen  deserters  from  Lee's  army,  who  with  their 
arms  and  equipments  complete,  were  waiting  to  go 
across  with  him  that  night,  and  he  was  afraid  the}* 
would  be  suspicious  of  us  as  not  being  of  "  their  kind 
of  chaps."  We  finally  induced  him  to  lead  us  to  them, 
and  after  an  hour's  conference  we  convinced  them 
that  we  were  "honest  Yankee's"  and  got  them  to  con- 
sent that  we  might  go  over  with  them.  They  were 
a  rough  and  very  determined  looking  set  of  men. 
They  were  a  portion  of  a  'tidal  wave'  of  deserters 
who  were  just  at  that  time  leaving  Lee's  army  and 
taking  a  bee-line  for  the  mountains  of  West  Yirg-inia. 

Thev  were  very  shy  of  us  and  for  two  hours  refused 
to  consent  to  let  us  enter  the  boat  and  go  over  with 
them,  on  the  ground  that  our  federal  uniform  was  a 
diseuise  and  that  we  were  reallv  rebel  secret  service 


2oS       FIFTEENTK  CONI^ECTICUT  VOL  UMTEERS. 

men,  whose  business  it  was  to  entrap  and  arrest 
men  of  their  class  who  were  trying  to  get  away 
from  the  Confederate  service.  We  finally  convinced 
them  that  we  were  genuine  'Yanks,'  and  about  mid- 
night we  all  got  into  the  old  fiat-bottomed,  square- 
ended  ferr\-  boat  and  started  across.  The  river  was 
narrow  and  the  current  rapid,  and  the  boat  was  held 
from  going  down  stream  by  a  cable  stretched  from 
shore  to  shore,  and  running  through  rude  tackle  at 
each  end  of  the  old  scow.  We  could  see  lights  on  the 
opposite  shore,  sufficiently  near  where  we  were  appar- 
ently to  land,  but  placing  all  confidence  in  the  old 
colored  ferryman,  we  asked  no  questions,  but  silently 
glided  across. 

The  instant  the  boat  touched  the  landing,  up 
jumiped  a  whole  company  of  rebel  soldiers.  We  heard 
their  muskets  cocked  and  knew  they  were,  every  one 
of  them,  aimed  directly  into  the  boat,  and  then  came 
the  sharp,  quick  voice  of  the  captain  as  he  ordered  the 
deserters  to  lay  down  their  arms  and  march  ashore. 
For  half  a  minute,  it  was  still  as  death  in  the  boat; 
not  a  rebel  or  a  Yankee  moved.  The  captain  repeated 
his  command  and  gave  them  one  minute  to  lay  down 
their  arms  and  come  ashore,  or  he  would  give  the 
order  to  fire.  Nearly  a  minute  must  have  passed 
before  a  man  moved,  and  then  one  of  the  deserters 
laid  down  his  gun  and  marched  out,  then  another 
followed,  and  so  in  Indian  file  they  all  stepped 
ashore  into  the  jaws,  of  what  to  them  was  pretty  cer- 
tain death. 

Linsley  and  myself  were  sitting  in  the  stern  of 
the  boat  and  did  not  move.  Unnoticed  by  us  the  old 
ferryman  had  gotten  into  the  water  and  was  shelter- 
ing himself  from  possible  bullets  under  the  stem  of 
the  boat.  He  now  brought  his  face  far  enough  above 
the  boat  to  w^hisper  to  me,  "Marse,  ye's  got  to  go 
ashore,  de  capin  knows  ye's  hyar."  Then  for  the  first 
time  it  dawned  upon  me  that  the  darkey  had  betrayed 


DEFEySE   OF   THE   JJXJOX.  ,09 

us.  My  fingers  fairly  ached  to  clutch  him  bv  the 
throat,  but  I  didn't  do  it.  I  -whispered  a  selection  of 
"cuss  words"  in  his  left  ear.  and  they  must  have  been 
heavy  ones,  for  he  at  once  sunk  out  of  ear  shot,  and  I 
never  saw  him  any  more. 

Another  quite  urgent  invitation  came  to  us  from 
the  rebel  captain,  and  then  Linsley  and  myself 
walked  ashore.  The  captain  had  sent  the  deserters 
away  under  a  strong  guard,  and  he  now  marched  us 
off  to  his  own  quarters. 

"We  soon  found  that  our  captor  was  Captain  Du- 
guid.  of  a  North  Carolina  regiment,  and  that  his 
home,  when  the  war  began,  was  in  New  Berne.  X.  C. 
We  could  tell  him  a  great  deal  about  Xew  Berne  and 
her  people,  as  our  regiment  had  been  there  for  more 
than  a  year,  and  we  soon  felt  as  much  at  home  with 
him  as  if  he  had  been  a  Yank  himself.  He  gave  up 
his  own  bunk  to  us.  he  being  on  duty  all  night,  and 
had  the  best  his  stores  afforded  cooked  for  a  mid- 
night meal  for  us.  I  shall  always  suppose  that  a  part 
at  least  of  his  kindness  to  us  was  due  to  the  discovery 
which  he  made  soon  after  we  entered  his  tent,  that  I 
was  a  brother  Mason. 

We  now  learned  from  Captain  Duguid  and  his 
lieutenant  the  reason  of  our  betrayal  by  the  old  col- 
ored ferryman  "Joe  Mosely." 

Only  two  days  before  Captain  Duguid  came  to 
that  ferry  from  Lee's  army,  being  detailed  with  his 
entire  companv  to  intercept  the  constant  stream  of 
deserters  who  were  pouring  up  into  the  mountains. 
Arriving  here  Captain  Duguid  found  that  Joe  had 
been  in  the  habit  of  running  the  ferr\-  legitimately 
during  the  day.  but  that  at  night  it  was  his  constant 
practice  to  ferrv  over  two  or  three  loads  of  deserters. 
charging  them  §20  apiece  for  the  service. 

In  this  way  Joe  had  laid  by  nearly  a  barrel  of  Con- 
federate money,  and  had  become  so  attached  to  that 
kind  of  currencv  that  we  had  found  it  hard  work  to 


2IO       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

g;et  him  to  accept  greenbacks  for  our  fare.  The  first 
thing-  the  captain  did  was  to  arrest  the  old  ferryman, 
put  one  end  of  a  rope  round  his  neck  and  the  other 
over  a  limb,  and  tell  him  to  say  his  last  prayer.  Old 
Joe  wasn't  ready  to  leave  his  ferry  and  his  barrel  of 
shin  plasters,  so  he  told  the  captain:  "  You's  jist 
bitin'  ye's  own  nose  off,  Marse,  ef  you  hang  me.  I 
ken  holp  ye  mor'n  all  de  rest  o'  de  folks  in  dis  whole 
section.  De}^  all  knows  me,  and  comes  right  to  my 
boat.  You  jest  let  me  live  an'  run  de  ferry  jest  de 
same,  an'  you'll  bag  a  heap  more  game'n  ye  would  ef 
I'se  dead  an'  gone." 

Captain  Duguid  saw  the  force  of  Joe's  logic,  let 
him  go  back  to  his  business,  and  Linsley  and  I 
chanced  to  be  in  the  first  boat  load  that  he  carried 
over  under  that  arrangement. 

After  learning  all  the  facts  from  Captain  Duguid 
and  Lieutenant  Hurst  we  didn't  feel  disposed  to 
blame  the  ferryman  so  much  as  we  did  at  first. 

We  had  been  four  days  and  nights  tramping 
through  forests,  fording  streams,  walking  often  in 
the  bed  of  a  stream  for  a  mile  or  so  to  avoid  being 
tracked  by  hounds,  and  while  Lieutenant  Linsley 
was  fresh  and  robust,  fit  for  another  tramp  as  severe, 
I  was  very  badly  used  up.  We  were  sixty  miles  from 
Richmond,  and  as  my  feet  were  solid  blisters  from 
heel  to  toe,  I  asked  Captain  Duguid  to  try  to  get  us 
through  on  a  train. 

He  very  promptly  consented,  and  the  next  day  we 
left  Clover  station  on  the  roof  of  a  freight  car,  with 
the  youngest  son  of  old  (jovernor  Wise,  then  a  boy  of 
seventeen  years  and  a  second  lieutenant  in  the  Junior 
Reserves,  as  our  custodian.  Yoimg  Wise  did  not  ride 
with  us  on  the  roof  of  the  car,  however.  He  placed  a 
couple  of  his  boys  with  muskets  on  the  car  with  us, 
and  ensconced  himself  in  the  caboose. 

I  never  shall  forget  that  ride  to  Richmond.  The 
rocid-bed  was  in  horrible  condition;  there  was  not  a 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  211 

car  in  the  train  whose  brakes  could  be  used,  and 
wherever  a  stretch  of  down  grade  was  reached  we 
ran  at  a  fearful  speed  at  the  mercy  of  fate.  Our  only 
course  at  such  times  was  to  lie  flat  on  the  narrow 
board  running  the  entire  length  of  the  car  roof,  and 
hold  on  with  both  hands  as  best  we  could.  Our 
guards  soon  lost  their  muskets,  and  one  of  them  his 
hat,  and  they  cut  Init  a  sorr}^  figure  when  at  last  we 
arrived  at  Richmond  and  they  marched  us  to  the  head- 
quarters of  the  provost  marshal.  Young  Wise,  how- 
ever, was  rigged  out  in  gay  enough  style  to  make  up 
for  the  deficiencies  of  his  guard.  I  think  he  is  the 
same  John  S.  Wise  who  has  in  recent  years  been  quite 
prominent  in  Virginia  politics,  but  has  now  taken  up 
his  residence  in  New  York  city.  These  turned  us 
over  to  the  provost  marshal,  and  then  bid  us  a  very 
kindly  good-bye.  We  were  then  thoroughly  searched 
and  sent  to  Libby,  where  the  searching  was  per- 
formed again.  We  had  quite  an  amount  in  green- 
backs with  us,  and  had  taken  the  precaution  to  secrete 
it  between  the  cloth  and  the  lining  at  the  bottom  of 
our  trousers'  legs.  Our  clothing  was  so  completely 
covered  with  mud  up  to  the  knees  that  they  did  not 
look  there  for  it,  so  we  got  past  Dick  Turner  without 
giving-  up  our  greenbacks.  As  a  result  of  our  effort 
to  escape  we  arrived  at  Libby  two  days  in  advance  of 
the  rest  of  our  regiment. 

RECOVERY    OF    THE    SWORD    OF     CAPT.    THEODORE    R.     DAVIS. 

In  the  National  Tribune  of  May  30th,  1889,  appeared 
the  following  card: 

LOST    AND    FOUND. 

C.  Dunbar,  2d  N.  Y.  M't'd  Rifles,  Goldsboro,  N.  C,  says  that 
there  is  a  lost  sword  at  that  place  supposed  to  have  belonged  to  a 
Union  officer,  in  the  hands  of  an  old  negro— Green  Everett.  On 
the  handle  is  the  following:  "Presented  to  Capt.  Theodore  R. 
Davis  by  E.  N.  Whittelsey,  Aug.  9,  1S62." 


212        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

Sergt.  Barnes,  of  Southington,  saw  the  notice  and 
sent  it  to  Capt.  Davis.  The  latter  communicated  at 
once  with  Mr.  Dunbar  with  this  result: 

GoLDSBORO,  N.  C,  July  2d,  1SS9. 
Mr.  Theodore  R.  Davis. 

I  received  your  letter  and  was  very  glad  to  hear  from  you. 
Your  initials  are  on  the  handle  of  that  sword  I  had  published. 
The  colored  man  says  the  sword  cost  him  five  dollars,  and  if  yoi: 
want  it,  write  me  a  good  honorable  letter,  praising  the  old  negro, 
and  perhaps  I  can  get  it  for  less  money,  for  he  wants  an  article  to 
publish  in  the  Goldsboro  papers  about  it.  I  will  do  all  I  can  for 
vou.  I  remain  ever  your  friend, 

CORNELIUS  DUNBAR. 

It  is  needless  to  add  that  Capt.  Davis  wrote  the 
"good  honorable  letter"  and  sent  sufficient  "green- 
backs "  to  insure  the  speedy  return  of  his  weapon. 
There  was  great  rejoicing  when  it  arrived,  and  it  is 
now  cherished  as  one  of  the  most  precious  memen- 
tos the  Captain  could  bequeath. 

THE  REV.  JOHN   B.   DOOLIT'JLE's  CHRISTMAS  GIFT. 

One  of  the  most  hearty  and  spontaneous  Christmas 
gifts  ever  made  was  that  donated  by  the  regiment 
while  at  New  Berne,  N.  C.  After  dress  parade  on  the 
afternoon  of  Dec.  29,  1864,  the  command  was  formed 
in  hollow  square,  and  Sergt.  Reilly  of  Co.  C,  on  behalf 
of  his  comrades,  led  into  the  enclosure  a  valuable 
horse  and  equipments  and  presented  the  same  to 
Chaplain  John  B.  Doolittle  as  an  expression  of 
the  estimation  in  which  he  was  held  by  the  regiment. 
The  Chaplain  was  completely  surprised,  and 
among  things  in  expressing  his  thanks,  said  this  : 

"  When  I  was  a  boy  I  used  to  tell  mother  that 
when  I  came  to  be  a  man  there  were  two  things  that 
I  was  going  to  have,  one  was  a  horse  and  the  other  a 
wife.  I  am  now  nigh  on  to  thirty  years  of  age,  and 
mother  has  been  about  discouraged  as  to  my  getting 
either    but  I  shall  now  write  her  that   the   horse  is 


Lieut.  Solomon    F.   Linsley. 


DEFEXSE  OF  THE  UyJOX.  215 

here,  so  she  can  take  courage,  and  when    this  •  cruel 

war    is  over."  perhaps but  we  won't  talk  of  that 

just  now." 

Chaplain  Doolittle  "  mustered  out "  his  horse  with 
himself  at  the  close  of  the  war  and  conveved  him  to 
Connecticut.  There  he  remained  several  vears  and 
when  his  work  called  him  to  Nebraska,  took  the 
faithful  animal  along  with  him.  About  1890  the  old 
fellow  was  still  "one  of  the  family"  and  may  be 
living  yet. 

CAPTURE     OF      THE      REGIMEXTAL     BATTLE     FLAG     AT     THE 
BATTLE    OF    KIXSTOX. 

BY    LIEITEXAST    S-    F.    LDiSLEY,    CO.    K. 

I  was  in  command  of  Co.  C.  When  coming  on  to 
the  field  on  the  afternoon  of  March  7.  1S65.  I  was 
ordered  to  support  the  skirmish  line  of  the  left  wing, 
and  took  position  some  yards  in  its  rear  in  a  ditch 
running  alongside  a  lane  made  through  the  plantation. 
The  Confederate  battery  back  of  Jacksons  Mills 
obser\-ing  our  movements,  opened  fire,  which  necessi- 
tated a  slight  change  to  the  left  in  my  position,  other- 
wise, when  the  fight  opened,  the  next  day,  we  occupied 
the  position  first  taken. 

Considerable  misapprehension  exists  among  some 
of  the  veterans  as  to  the  exact  status  of  the  regimen- 
tal colors  at  this  fight,  and  it  is  with  a  view  to  give 
the  facts  in  the  matter  that  this  article  is  written. 
The  state  flag  had  been  sent  to  Connecticut  for  repairs 
previous  to  our  leaving  Xew  Berne  and  had  not  been 
returned.  Its  place  was  supplied  by  a  blue  silk  stand- 
ard furnished  by  the  U.  S.  government,  and  was 
without  mark  or  insignia  of  any  kind.  This  ensign 
was  carried  by  the  left  wing  and  the  national  color 
by  the  right  wing.  The  latter  as  previously  stated, 
was  safely  borne  off  the  field,  but  the  former  was  not 
so  fortunate.  It  was  pluckily  kept  flying  and  the 
men  rallied  on  it  at  the  last  change  of  front  ordered. 


2 1 4        FIFTEENTH  COXKECTIC  UT  VOL  UXTEERS. 

At  this  time  every  member  of  the  g-nard  with 
it  had  become  disabled  except  Corporal  Manville, 
and  he  was  sorely  wounded.  Nevertheless,  he 
held  to  his  standard,  and  when  our  forces  broke 
away,  joined  in  the  retreat.  He  had  scarcely  passed 
Col.  Tolles'  headquarters  when  he  felt  unable  to  go 
further  and  handed  his  precious  charge  over  to  me. 
Sergeants  Griffin  and  Finnigan  of  my  company  soon 
came  up  and  as  the  rout  was  general  by  this  time,  we 
struck  across  the  open  lot  and  into  the  woods  well 
down  on  our  right,  hoping  to  escape.  Suddenly  we 
heard  the  command  '-halt!  surrender  those  colors," 
and  at  the  same  time  a  rebel  soldier  seized  the  staff. 
I  looked  at  my  .would-be  captor  a  moment  and  from 
his  manner  concluded  his  piece  was  not  loaded,  nor 
did  I  see  anv  supporting  comrade  near  him.  It 
seemed  to  me  his  demand  was  rather  uncalled  for, 
and  holding  on  to  the  color  with  one  hand,  drew  my 
revolver  with  the  other,  and  in  the  same  breath  Griffin 
and  Finnigan  were  preparing  to  make  a  rush  and  cap- 
ture the  '"Johnny."  Just  at  this  crisis  Capt.  Burgess 
came  up  and  pointing  to  the  rebel  infantry,  now 
closing  in  on  all  sides  (which  in  the  excitement  I  had 
failed  to  notice),  advised  our  surrender.  We  accord- 
ingly gave  up  the  flag.  Our  captor  carried  it  into 
Kinston  that  afternoon,  and  a  part  of  the  way  we 
marched  behind  it. 

THE    CENTRAL    VIRGINIA    MEAT    CO. 

One  of  the  objects  of  the  so-called  "Blackberry 
Raid,"  in  1863,  was  the  destruction  of  an  iron  bridge 
across  the  South  Anna  river  over  which  supplies  were 
sent  to  the  Confederate  army  from  Richmond.  Gen. 
Harland's  brigade,  of  which  the  15th  Conn,  was  a  part, 
was  held  in  reserve  at  Taylor's  farm  while  the  main 
column  went  forward  to  destroy  this  bridge.  While 
lying  there,  some  of  the  lads,  whom  it  is  to  be  feared 
had  neglected  their  Sundav  School  lessons  that  dav. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  215 

(for  it  was  the  Sabbath),  fancying  their  Uncle 
Samuel's  bill  of  fare  not  calculated  to  sustain  the 
reputation  Sunday  dinners  used  to  have  in  old  Con- 
necticut, determined  to  look  about  for  a  dainty  or 

tAVO. 

Among  these  godless  youth  was  one  Stoddard,  a 
Co.  B  private,  who,  emboldened  b}"  the  example  of 
some  wicked  men  of  the  3d  N.  Y.  cavalry,  started  out 
on  a  bit  of  foraging  on  his  own  account.  (It  is  inferred 
that  up  to  this  time  he  had  been  an  exemplary  young 
man).  Scarcely  was  he  clear  of  the  camp  ere  he 
stumbled  on  Wade  and  Clark  of  Co.  D,  out  on  a 
similar  errand.  This  precious  trio  held  a  consulta- 
tion, at  which  it  was  agreed  to  form  a  "  limited  part- 
nership," (limited  in  capital — not  having  a  cent 
among  them),  and  embark  in  the  meat  and  pro- 
vision business.  It  did  not  take  long  to  draw  up  the 
articles  of  agreement. 

In  the  distance  lay  the  plantation  of  one  Col.  Crane 
an  officer  in  the  rebel  army,  and  thitherward  the  firm 
bent  its  steps.  Several  bee-hives  presented  their 
attractions  to  the  partners,  and  Wade  was  especially 
anxious  to  fill  his  haversack  with  honey  "just  to  eat 
with  hard-tack  you  know,"  but  the  senior  member  of 
the  firm  cautioned  him  that  they  stood  more  in  need 
of  meat  than  sweetening,  which  counsel  prevailed, 
and  they  pressed  on  up  to  the  mansion.  Only  a  few 
frightened  servants  appeared  to  be  holding  the  fort 
for  its  gallant  owner;  and  these,  on  being  questioned 
speedily  informed  the  invaders  that  a  flock  of  sheep 
were  feeding  just  over  the  hill.  This  was  cheerful 
news;  stock  in  the  new  meat  market  rose  at  once. 
Stoddard  wildly  said  he'd  take  it  all,  but  the  others 
said  they  guessed  not,  not  while  they  were  there  at 
least.  Clark  drew  a  "  bead"  on  a  fine  "cossett,"  and  in  a 
few  minutes.  Wade  had  its  hide  off,  and  this  piece  of 
mutton  unceremoniously  hung  by  its  heels  to  a  gun, 
was  being  toted  to  a  Yankee  camp.     On  the  return, 


2i6        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

these  now  thoroughly  hardened  transgressors,  hav- 
ing run  the  camp-guard,  broken  the  Sabbath,  fright- 
ened the  women,  and  slain  the  little  lamb,  rounded 
up  their  adventures  by  raiding  the  aforesaid  bee- 
hives; but,  alas  for  the  partners,  so  much  time  was 
consumed  in  the  latter  sweet  undertaking,  that  the 
connections  with  their  camp  became  broken.  It  seems 
that  in  their  absence  the  column  had  unexpectedly 
been  ordered  forward,  and  the  remorseless  grip  of  the 
Provost  guard  now  shut  down  on  them.  Whimpering 
and  bluffing  were  equally  of  no  avail;  their  entire 
capital  was  "attached  "  and  themselves  ignominiously 
thrust  into  a  cook's  old  tent  under  guard,  with  some 
thirty  other  disciples  of  salt  pork  and  hard-tack  like- 
wise apprehended.  It  is  asserted  that  in  the  small 
hours  of  that  night,  the  head  of  the  firm  got  loose 
from  the  guard,  and  regained  a  portion  of  the 
stock,  but  be  that  as  it  may,  the  arrest  broke  up  "  The 
Central  Virginia  Meat  Co.,"  and  the  concern  went 
into  bankruptcy. 

CONCERNING    "THE    BLACKBERRY    RAID." 

I;Y    CHARLES    D      BARNES,    CO.    B. 

During  the  last  week  in  June,  1863,  Gen.  John  A. 
Dix  conceived  the  idea  of  a  "back  door  attack  on  Rich- 
mond," partly  to  prevent  troops  being  sent  from  that 
vicinity  to  reinforce  Lee  at  Gettysburg.  Gen.  Getty's 
division  left  "  Getty's  Station,"  near  Norfolk,  on  trans- 
ports for  Yorktown,  where  we  encamped  on  the  his- 
toric ground  of  Cornwallis'  surrender.  Very  near  our 
camp,  and  easily  traceable,  were  the  old  lines  of 
breastworks,  with  trees  in  some  instances  two  feet  in 
diameter  growing  on  them.  vSoon  after  daylight  on 
that  hot  morning  of  July  i  we  crossed  the  Pamunkey 
river  on  the  spiles  of  the  burned  railroad  bridge.  It 
was  there  we  caught  our  first  "catfish."  We  saw  an 
old  darkey  with  a  string  of  big  "cats,"  which  he  said 
he  caught   off  the   railroad  bridge.     We  rigged  up  a 


DEFENSE    OF   THE   UNION.  217 

fishing  tackle,  dug-  worms  for  bait,  and  then  sat  for 
hours  on  the  bridge  without  a  nibble.  Hunting  up 
the  old  contraband  we  made  some  remarks  about  his 
veracity;  in  fact,  we  told  him  he  lied,  and  that  there 
wasn't  a  catfish  in  the  river.  He  insisted  there  was, 
and  asked  to  see  our  hooks.  "  Hooks  all  right;  where 
your  bait?"  We  showed  him  some  nice  fat  earth 
worms,  and  then  he  grinned.  "Come  wid  me,"  said 
the  old  fellow.  We  followed  down  to  the  sutler's 
shanty.  "  Boss  gib  me  half  pound  bait,"  and  in  a 
moment  we  had  a  half  pound  of  soft  green  cheese.  We 
smiled  very  incredulously,  but  after  putting  on  a  bit 
as  large  as  a  small  chestnut,  the  "tide  turned"  more 
surely  than  on  Lake  Drvimmond,  and  catfish  weigh- 
ing from  two  to  four  pounds  were  caught  till  we 
could  not  carry  them  all  to  camp.  The  second  day 
out  we  passed  the  mansion  of  Dr.  Fountain,  whose 
wife  was  a  daughter  of  Patrick  Henry.  The  inmates 
had  fled,  and  left  that  beautiful  home  to  the  blacks 
and  the  enemy.  Its  contents  were  scattered  in  all 
directions,  but  the  Conn.  Brigade  were  fully  exone- 
rated from  the  looting  of  it;  many  little  articles  were 
dropped  here  and  there,  and  some  of  our  men  nearly 
came  to  grief  from  having  some  of  these  discarded 
trinkets  in   their  possession. 

July  3  was  the  hottest  day  in  which  the 
brigade  ever  marched.  That  night  the  15th  Conn, 
bivouacked  on  the  John  Taylor  plantation,  in  a 
wheat  field.  The  wheat  was  in  stacks;  the  boys 
used  it  for  beds  and  for  forage.  We  stayed  there 
over  Sunday,  July  4th,  and  on  that  day  this  hoary 
old  rebel  addressed  the  soldiers  from  the  porch 
of  his  house.  We  left  this  plantation,  and  in  some 
mysterious  way  his  scattered  wheat  took  fire  about 
dark.  Then  began  that  terrible  forced  march  else- 
where spoken  of.  Many  of  the  men  slept  while 
marching,  and  it  was  amusing  to  hear  the  variety  of 
opinions  as   to   the  lapse  of  time  since  the  last  halt. 


2i8       FIFTEENTH   CONNECTICUT    VOLUNTEERS. 

A  comrade  would  strike  suddenly  against  his  file 
leader,  and  inquire,  "what's  another  halt  called  for?" 
and  was  willing  to  swear  that  it  had  not  been  ten 
^minutes  since  the  last  "  fall  in  "  was  given,  but  upon 
striking  a  match  and  examining  his  watch,  would 
find  that  an  hour  or  two  had  elapsed,  and  then  would 
have  to  admit  that  he  had  marched  asleep. 

This  was  done  in  numberless  instances.  Men 
strained  ever}^  nerve  to  keep  their  places  in  the  ranks 
for  guerillas  followed  close,  skirmishing  with  the  rear 
guard,  and  to  be  left  behind  and  picked  up  by  these 
human  coyotes  meant  sure  death  in  most  instances, 
as  they  killed  men  as  remorselessly  as  a  Sioux  Indian. 

Pearly  fruits  were  in  their  prime,  and  the  troops 
fared  sumptuously.  The  men  from  the  hills  of  New 
England  had  never  before  seen  such  a  wealth  of  black- 
berries as  grew  along  the  line  of  march.  One  could 
without  changing  position,  pick  more  than  he  could 
eat.  An  officer  recalling  this  time  says,  "  I  gathered 
a  water  pail  three-quarters  full  fromi  the  vines  within 
my  tent."  This  fruit  kept  us  in  health.  Frequently 
the  men  would  take  a  quart  cup  of  berries,  crush  them 
with  an  iron  spoon  and  breaking  in  their  hard  tack, 
let  it  soak  a  few  minutes;  it  was  no  mean  dish  then. 
Others  would  crush  the  berries,  then  pour  them  into 
their  canteens,  adding  a  little  water;  this  made  a  far 
more  palatable  drink  than  that  drawn  from  some 
puddle  after  the  passage  of  a  six-mule  team.  It  was 
the  profusion  of  this  wild  fruit  that  gave  the  expedi- 
tion the  name  of  the  "  Blackberry  Raid." 

Thus  the  march  went  on.  We  fancied  that  when 
we  reached  water  deep  enough  for  the  transports 
that  we  should  ride  the  remainder  of  the  way  home; 
tvc  did,  hut  instead  of  on  transports,  on  "gunboats," 
made  at  Lynn  and  other  "shoe  "  towns  in  Massachu- 
setts. We  marched  the  entire  length  of  that  penin- 
sula down  through  the  battle-field  of  Bethel  to  For- 
tress Monroe,  much  of  the  wav  in  stifling  dust,  such 


DEFENSE   OF   THE   UNION.  219 

as  only  those  who  have  kicked  it  up  on  a  march 
of  that  kind  know.  Then  again,  we  were  in 
swamps  with  water  waist-deep,  and  up  to  the  arm-pits 
of  Piatt  and  Knerr,  who  were  always  at  the  "  short 
end  of  Co.  B,"  and  always  loaded  down  with  guns, 
belts,  cartridge  boxes,  haversacks,  canteens,  blankets, 
eighty  rounds  extra  ammunition,  frying  pans,  etc.,  etc. 
Thus  by  weary  marches  we  made  that  long  and  toil- 
some journey,  and  at  last  reached  Hampton.  An  aide 
of  Gen.  Getty  remarked  in  after  years  that  the  Gen- 
eral said  no  march  ever  equaled  it,  considering  its 
length,  the  season,  the  distance  covered,  and  the 
health  and  morale  of  the  troops  at  the  finish. 


PART    III. 

THE      PIONEER      CORPS WAR      POSTERS NARRATIVE      OF 

CHARLES  E.  HART LIEUT. -COL.  TOLLES'  OPERA- 
TIONS     AT      SOUTH      MILLS PROMOTIONS      FROM      THE 

RANKS  TO  OTHER  REGIMENTS A  RELIC  OF  FRED- 
ERICKSBURG, VA. BILL  NICHOLS  AND  THE  "  TAR- 
HEEL " RATIONS — NARRATIVE    OF    CAPT.    WATERMAN. 

THE    PIONEER    CORPS. 
BY    LIEUT.    LINSLEY,    COMPANY    K. 

The  Pioneer  Corps  was  organized  out  of  the  Conn. 
Brigade,  at  White  House  Landing,  in  1863.  I  was  de- 
tailed to  its  command.  There  were  about  seventy- 
five  men  in  all  connected  with  it,  and  our  duties  were 
to  precede  the  columns  of  march,  clear  away  obstruc- 
tions from  the  roads,  and,  when  going  into  camp, 
erect  quarters  for  the  officers,  and  prepare,  in  part, 
the  grounds  for  the  occupation  of  the  command. 
The  most  laborious  work  the  corps  performed,  was  in 
rendering  assistance  to  the  baggage  trains.  These 
often  became  stalled  for  one  reason  and  another,  bad 
corduroy  roads  and  mud  being  the  most  frequent 
causes.  Particularly  was  this  the  case  after  leaving 
White  House  Landing.  No  words  of  mine  can 
describe  the  uproar  and  vexation  of  that  occasion. 
The  train  was  heavy,  the  mud  was  deep,  the  road 
was  abominable,  the  teamsters  were  impatient,  the 
weather  was  hot  and  the  mules  were  ugly. 

[Note. — It  is  said  tliat  the  latter  animals  were  sworn  at  so 
effectively  bj^  their  drivers,  that  they  too  learned  the  language 
and  answered  back.] 

As  a  rule  the  work  of  the  Pioneer  Corps  was 
severe  in  the  extreme.  While  its  members  were 
exempt  from  guard  duty,  fatigue  service  was  far 
more  exhaustive,  and  it  required  a  well  seasoned 
soldier  to  fill  the  bill.     We  formed  a  separate  detach- 


DEFENSE  OF   THE    UNION.  221 

ment,  messed  and  slept  tooether,  and  were  always 
held  ready  for  any  emergency. 

Occasionally,  after  a  severe  day's  march,  a  com- 
plaint would  sometimes  be  made  that  one  or  more 
members  had  "fallen  out,"  only  to  come  stragg-Hno- 
into  camp,  late  at  night,  when  the  labor  was  all  done. 
This  charge  came  to  rest  so  frequently  on  "Billy 
Hogan,"  of  Co.  C,  that  he  was  looked  upon  as  one 
habitually  "  tired." 

On  our  arrival  at  King  William  Court  House 
Private  Hogan  came  in  late  as  usual.  Duties  of  one 
nature  and  another,  together  with  a  search  for  a 
supply  of  the  magnificent  "blackberries"  of  that 
locality,  took  me  some  distance  from  camp,  and  on 
returning,  I  was  met  by  one  of  my  men,  who,  in 
solemn  tones,  said  that  poor  Billy  Hogan  had  been 
buried.  It  seemed  pretty  quick  work,  and  I  reflected 
that  perhaps  we  had  been  too  hard  on  William  and 
unjust  in  our  judgment,  and  now  the  sick  man  was 
dead.  Hurrying  along,  I  espied  in  the  distance  a 
knot  of  men  standing  in  solemn  attitude,  near  our 
cjuarters,  close  by  a  mound  of  fresh  earth.  None 
seemed  inclined  to  speak  as  I  drew  near,  and  a  great 
sorrow  was  apparent.  Just  then  Hogan  came  up, 
and  saluting,  said,  "  Lieutenant,  it's  me.  I  got  out  of 
that.  I  didn't  want  to  be  buried  alive."  Then  the 
secret  was  out.  The  solemnity  vanished  in  an  in- 
stant, and  a  burst  of  laughter  followed. 

It  seems  that  the  moment  Hogan  reached  camp, 
as  mentioned,  he  spread  his  blanket,  and,  regardless 
of  duty,  was  soon  sound  asleep.  In  my  absence  sev- 
eral members  of  the  corps  quietly  dug  a  trench,  and 
lifting  the  sleeper  carefully,  laid  him  in  it.  Then 
they  began  to  fill  it  up  with  a  will.  Billy  soon  woke 
under  the  "  pressure,"  and  commenced  yelling  "stop 
it !  stop  it !  Begorra,  O'im  not  dead  yet,"  and  made 
a  wild  rush  for  the  top. 

The  lesson  proved  a  good  one;  he  was  so  thor- 
oughly frightened  as  never  to  attempt  to  sliirk  again 


222       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT    VOLUNTEEES. 

At  the  battle  of  Kinston,  axe  in  hand,  he  threatened 
so  fiercely  to  hew  down  a  "Johnny"  who  attempted 
to  capture  him,  that  he  bluffed  him  and  escaped  to 
the  rear. 

While  in  camp  near  Portsmouth,  the  pioneer  corps 
conceived  the  notion  of  erecting  a  flag-staff'  on  the 
parade  ground.  Accordingly  we  procured  from  the 
forest  a  mast,  about  one  hundred  twenty  feet  in 
length,  and  with  the  aid  of  blocks  and  ropes  from  the 
Portsmouth  Navy  Yard,  attempted  one  night  after 
dress  parade  to  hoist  it  into  position.  Our  rigging 
became  disabled  in  the  effort  and  we  were  compelled 
to  postpone  the  "  raising  "  until  next  morning.  Before 
that  time  dawned  however,  we  received  marching 
orders,  and  were  moved  about  four  miles  nearer  Ports- 
mouth, and  as  we  could  not  well  carry  our  "big  stick  " 
with  us,  the  i6th  Conn,  raised  it  some  days  later  amid 
general  rejoicing. 

At  our  new  camp  the  corps  was  made  busy  putting 
up  log  houses  for  the  Field  and  Staff  officers.  These 
were  substantial  buildings.  Col.  Upham,  Lieut. -Col. 
Tolles,  Major  Osborne,  Chaplain  ^liller,  vSurgeon  Hol- 
comb,  Adjt.  Rand  and  the  assistant  surgeons,  each 
had  a  comfortable  dwelling  about  ioxi6.  In  addition 
to  these,  Capt.  Munson  of  Co.  K,  and  myself  built 
quarters  for  ourselves  of  the  same  material.  They 
were  furnished  with  windows  and  door,  and  divided 
by  a  curtain  into  two  cosy  apartments.  Each  cabin 
had  its  oven,  fireplace,  and  chimney  built  of  bricks, 
about  thirty  thousand  of  which  were  "  confiscated  " 
from  the  neighboring  city  of  Portsmouth.  The 
accompanying  illustration  produced  from  a  photo- 
graph taken  the  day  camp  was  broken  up  on  our 
departure  for  North  Carolina,  represents  Capt.  Mun- 
son's  and  my  own  buildings. 

The  operations  of  the  corps  were  resumed  on 
reaching  Plymouth,  and  kept  up  for  a  time  after  the 
occupation  of  New  Berne,  but  the  organization  was 
finally  di.sbanded  at  the  latter  place. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  223 

WAR     POSTER. 
ISSUED    AT    NEW    HAVEN,    CONN.,    JULY,     lS62. 

THE  LYON  REGIMENT 

Will  be  raised  by  the  authority  of  the  Governor  by  the 

TOW^N    of    NEVS^    HAVEN. 

It  can  be  Raised  in 

30     ID-A."S^S- 


state  Bounty  paid  upon  enlistin<£, If  within  30  days,  $50.00 

'*               '*            "      dui-ins  tiie  tli-st  year,    .           .           .  30.00 

'•       Allowance  for  wile             4t         tt              ,           .  72.00 

'^                  "                        ''      andtwocUildren,     .           .  18.00 

United  States  Bounty  paid  upon  enlistiu*^-,             .  47.00 

"              "              "           "      at  end  of  war,          .           .  75.00 

"•              "      Pay  per  monlli,         ....  13.00 

Total  pay  in  one  year  besides  clothing-  and  ration!*,  45S.OO 


Good  Men  are  Invited  to  meet  the  Committee  at  once. 

LET  THE  LYON  REGIMENT 

Be  first  in  the  fieldand  march  to    Washington 
in  30  Days. 


JOHN  €.  HOI^LISTER,  HENRY  D.   PARDFE, 

SAMCEl.  BISHOP,  B*  ^-  BRYAN, 

N.  D.  SPERRY,  CHARLES    W.    ELIOT, 

FRANCIS  WAYLAND, 

Jiecruiting  Conunittee,  Cutler  Jiiiil<lin;/. 


224        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT    VOLUNTEERS. 

WAR    POSTER. 
ISSUED    AT    MERIDEN,    CONN.,    JULY,    1862. 


RALLY 

TO  THE  SUPPORT  OF  THE 
NATION. 


THE  LOYAL.  CITIZEXS  OF  :VIERIDE\^  who   are 

ready  to  make  anollicr  effort  to  »>ave  tlic  Nation  iai 
tlii»>  its  grcate<<it  peril,  are  requested  to  meet  at  tlie 


TOi  HOUSE,  ON  THyRSDAyE 


J  w.i     I  •■vriiv/i^ii  I      t_  I  •_••    w,j 


JULY  lOlii,  1S62,  at  7  1-2  o'cicii,  to  eoiisult  upon 
measures  relating  to  tlic  PUBLIC  SAFETY.  All 
iiands  to  the  rescue.  The  Oovernmeiit  calls  loudly 
for  aid,  and  IVIeriden  must  respond  nobly  now  in 
^lEX  and  IVIEAIVS,  as  she  has  done  in  the  past. 

HON.  SENATOR  DIXON,  CYRUS  NORTHRUP,  ESQ., 

ami  other  diMtino  uj^bed  Speakers  «vill  be  present  to  address 
tUc  meeting'. 

Lieut.  Col.  1>.  R.  WRKJIIT.  lion.  O.  H.  PI>ATT. 

ISAAC  C.  l-EUIS,  Hon.  WALTKll  BOOTH. 

.lAAlK?*  S.   ItllOOKiS.  CHARliES  PARKER. 

<).  n.  AUNOLIl.  ED>ILM)  PARKER. 
.'>leriilcn.  .Inly  <Mh.  1  S«J2.  niiil  iiiiiiierniis  other  citizens. 


DEFENSE   OF  THE   UXIOX.  225 


XARRATIVE    OF    CHARLES    E.    HART,    COMPAXV    I. 

I  enlisted  as  private  in  Co.  I,  July  2Stli,  1S62,  and 
was  appointed  fourth  corporal.  In  this  capacity  I 
followed  the  fortunes  of  the  regiment  until  I  obtained 
a  furlough  while  at  Xew  Berne,  N.  C,  in  the  spring 
of  1864,  in  order  to  appear  before  Gen.  Casey's  Board, 
then  sitting  to  examine  candidates  for  commissions 
in  the  colored  regiments  being  raised.  I  was  fortu- 
nate enough  to  pass  muster  with  the  grade  of  first 
lieutenant,  and  received  my  discharge  from  the  15th, 
July  31,  1864.  On  reporting  for  duty  at  "Washington, 
I  was  ordered  to  Louisa,  Ky.,  and  received  a  commis- 
sion there  in  the  109th  Regt.  U.  S.  Colored  Troops, 
Co.  E,  ninety  men,  no  captain,  nor  no  second  lieu- 
tenant. 

We  did  duty  in  the  mountain  regions  of  eastern 
Kentucky  four  months,  and  were  then  transferred  to 
Gen.  Butler's  command  in  the  Army  of  the  James. 
Upon  the  organization  of  the  25th  Army  Corps,  under 
Gen.  Weitzel,  we  were  assigned  to  the  First  Brigade, 
Second  Division,  and  in  the  winter  of  1864-5,  were 
stationed  in  the  outer  line  of  works  at  Fort  Harrison, 
Chapin's  Farm.  Here  the  regiment  was  daily  under 
fire,  both  from  the  Confederate  picket  lines  and  their 
batteries. 

In  the  final  move  of  our  forces  to  the  left,  and  so 
forward  toward  Richmond  and  Petersburg,  we  were 
inclined  well  around  toward  Hatcher's  Run  and  placed 
on  the  left  of  the  7th  Corps.  When  the  final  denoue- 
ment came,  we  moved  with  the  army,  broke  the  rebel 
lines  in  our  front  and  were  present  at  Lee's  surrender 
in  the  vicinity  of  Appomattox.  I  was  promoted  to 
the  captaincy  of  my  company  July  Sth,  1S65. 

The  109th  was  well  otficered,  well  disciplined,  well 
handled,  and  bears  a  record  worthy  of  remembrance. 
After  the  •'  Grand  Review  "  in  Washington  (in  which 
however  we  did  not  participate)  the  command,  with 


2  26       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEEBS. 

the  major-part  of  the  25th  Corps,  was  ordered  to 
Texas,  where  we  remained  until  mustered  out  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1866.  We  were  finally  discharged  at  Louisville, 
Ky.  The  officers  of  the  109th  came  from  nine  differ- 
ent states.  Four  revmions  have  been  held,  and  the 
next  meeting-  will  be  in  Indianapolis. 

LIEUT. -COL.    TOLLES'    OPERATIONS    AT    SOUTH    MILLS. 

[two  reports.] 

Headquarters  South  Mills,  N.  C, 
Sept.  22d,  1S63. 

Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  report  that  in  company  with  Major 
McCandless,  5th  Pa.  Cavah-y,  and  twenty  men  of  his  command,  I 
proceeded  this  morning  to  Lebanon  Mills,  four  miles  west  of  this 
place.  Guerillas  in  squads  of  three  and  four  have  been  seen  in 
this  vicinity  from  time  to  time,  but  I  was  unable  to  find  any.  The 
road  from  this  point  to  the  western  branch  of  the  Pasquotank 
River  being  impassable  for  horsemen,  I  proceeded,  in  company 
with  the  Majmr  and  eight  men  dismounted,  to  and  across  the 
river,  about  vone  mile  west  of  which  we  captured  a  Jew  under 
extremely  suspicious  circumstances.  He  had  spent  the  night 
only  one  mile  from  the  usual  crossing  of  the  river,  where  our 
pickets  are  stationed,  and,  when  captured,  was  five  miles  from 
this  place,  with  the  evident  intention  of  crossing  our  lines  at  some 
point  where  he  could  escape  detection.  His  name  is  Falk  Oden- 
heimer,  and  he  claims  to  be  a  refugee  from  Goldsboro,  N.  C.  He 
has  about  $12,000  in  gold  and  Southern  State  money  in  his  pos- 
session and  also  a  number  of  watches.  I  send  you  the  prisoner 
i:nder  guard. 

Very  respectfully. 

Your  obedient  servant, 

Samuel  Tolles, 
Comd.  U.  S.  Forces  South  Mills. 
To  Capt.  II.  Stevens, 

Adjt.  Gen. 

South  Mills, 

Oct.  17th,  1S63. 

Capt.:  I  have  the  honor  to  report  that  I  accompanied  Major 
McCandless  with  forty  of  his  command  (cavalry)  to  Camden  Court 
House,  this  morning,  sending  parties  to  the  different  landings  on 
the  river  between  this  and  that  point.     We  captured,  near  Ship 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION.  227 

Landing,  a  blockade  runner  named  Douglass,  a  citizen  of  Pasquo- 
tank Co.,  who  had  in  his  possession  two  hides.  The  boat  was 
destroyed.  Three  others,  on  our  arrival  at  the  landing,  had  just 
reached  the  opposite  shore,  and  made  their  escape.  A  cart  and 
horse,  left  in  their  hurry,  I  brought  into  camp.  Having  heard 
that  a  party  of  fifteen  guerillas  had  been  seen  in  the  neighbor- 
hood, on  our  return  Major  M.  sti-engthened  his  advance  guard 
and  skirmished  the  woods  as  well  as  he  could,  considering  the 
nature  of  the  country.  At  about  midway  from  the  Court  House 
to  this  place  the  rear  of  the  column  was  fired  upon  by  a  pauty 
laying  in  ambush  on  the  border  of  a  swamp,  supposed  to  be  the 
same  as  mentioned  above,  killing  Privates  Taggart  of  Co.  F  and 
Wolf  of  Co.  G,  and  wounding  Private  Hoover  of  Co.  C.  Major 
McCandless  dismounted  his  carbineers  as  quickly  as  possible, 
pursued  them  into  the  swamp,  but  without  being  able  to  over- 
take them.  While  at  Camden  Court  House  we  were  informed  by 
two  citizens  that  a  Capt.  Hughes  had  a  guerilla  band  uniformed, 
near  Indiantown,  but  could  learn  no  particulars. 

From  observation  and  what  I  learn  from  diflrerent  sources,  I 
am  satisfied  that  there  is  considerable  passing  on  the  Pasquotank, 
between  the  Court  House  and  this  place  by  means  of  small  boats. 

I  forward,  under  guard,  to  your  headquarters  Timothy  Doug- 
lass, blockade  runner,  as  mentioned  above.  His  stock  of  hides 
were  left  behind,  to  enable  me  to  transport  the  bodies  of  those 

killed. 

Very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

Sam'l  Tolles, 

Comd.  U.  S.  Forces  South  Mills. 

PROMOTIONS    FROiM    THE    15TH    CONN.    TO    OTHER 
REGIMENTS. 

Co.  A— ist  Sergt.  John  B.  Willett  to  ist  Lieut.  Co. 
G,  14th  U.  S.  C.  Heavy  Artillery.     1865. 

Co.  A— Corp.  George  W.  Allen  to  Capt.  Co.  E,  29th 
Conn.  Vols,  (colored).     1864. 

Co.  A— Private  Frank  E.  Little  to  ist  Lieut.  Co. 
E,  loyth  U.  S.  C.  L  (Major  by  brevet).     1864. 

Co.  D— Private  George  W.  Bunnell  to  ist  Lieut. 
Co.  C,  124th  U.  S.  C.  I.     1865. 

Co.  E— Sergt.  Charles  Griswold  to  Capt.  Co.  B,  29th 
Conn.  Vols.     1864. 


2  28       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

Co.  E Sergt.  Henry  G.  Marshall  to   ist  Lieut.  Co. 

E,  29th  Conn.  Vols.,  1864,  and  Capt.  Co.  I,  29th  C.  V., 
Jan.  31,  1865. 

Co.  E-Corp.  Giles  G.  Horton  to  Major  i6th  N.  Y. 
Cavalry.     1863. 

Co.  E— Corp.  Edwin  A.  Thorpe  to  Capt.  Co.  K, 
29th  Conn.  Vols.     1864. 

Co.  E— Private  Clarence  M.  Clark  to  ist  Lieut.  Co. 
D,  29th  Conn.  Vols.     1864.     Captain,  May  12,  1865. 

Co.  F — Sergt.  Edwin  A.  Kenney  to  Capt.  Co.  F, 
14th  U.  S.  C.  Heavy  Art.     1865. 

Co.  F — Private  Philip  E.  Chapin  to  ist  Lieut.  Co. 
L,  2d  Conn.  Heavy  Art.     1864. 

Co.  H— Corp.  John  Hill  to  ist  Lieut.  Co.  G,  28th  U. 
S.  C.  I.     1864. 

Co.  H— Private  William  B.  Pease  to  ist  Lieut.  Co. 
— ,  8th  U.  S.  C.  I.     1863. 

Co.  H — Sergt.  Augustus  Bodwell,  to  5th  Regt.  In- 
dian Home  Guards.     1863.     (Not  mustered.) 

Co.  I— Corp.  Charles  E.  Hart  to  Capt.  Co.  E.,  109th 
U.  S.  C.  L     1864. 

Co.  I — Private  Thomas  Dunlap  Jr.,  to  Capt.  Co.  F, 
29th  Conn.  Vols.     1864. 

Co.  I— Corp.  Richard  K.  Woodruff  to  Capt.  Co.  C, 
31st  Conn.  Vols.     1864. 

A    RELIC    OF    FREDERICKSBURG,    VA. 

On  the  night  of  the  retreat  of  Burnside's  Army 
from  the  ill-fated  city  of  Fredericksburg,  the  writer 
stumbled  over  a  plain  wooden  chair  dropped  on  the 
field.  Throwing  it  on  his  shoulder,  he  carried  it 
across  the  river  and  a  portion  of  the  way  to  camp, 
when  it  became  burdensome  and  was  flung  aside. 
Lieut.  Linsley  then  gathered  it  in  and  "toted"  it  to 
camp.  It  remained  in  his  possession  during  all  the 
transfers  and  service  of  the  regiment,  and  to-day  in 
his  home  it  extends  its  arms  and  a  welcome  to  any 
comrade  of  the  15th  who  will  drop  in. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION.  229 

BILL    NICHOLS    AND    THE    "  TAR-HEEL." 

While  Private  Nichols  of  Co.  I,  was  being  con- 
veyed as  a  prisoner  to  Richmond  (see  his  narrative), 
at  one  point  on  the  route  he  was  placed  in  a  railroad 
box-car  with  four  comrades.  Between  Enfield  and 
Weldon,  N.  C,  whenever  the  train  stopped,  they  were 
regarded  with  great  curiosity  by  the  "  North  Carolina 
Home  Guard  Reserves,"  called  "tar-heels  "  from  their 
long  familiarity  with  the  product  of  the  pine  trees  of 
that  state.  Along  came  one  day  a  squad  of  these 
warriors  who  had  never  seen  a  "Yank"  before,  and 
one  more  audacious  than  his  companions,  observing  a 
pair  of  new  boots  on  Nichols'  feet,  entered  into  the 
following  conversation  with  their  wearer: 

Tar-heel— "Yank,  pull  off  them  boots." 

Yank — "I  guess  not." 

Tar-heel — "I  tell  yoii  I  want  them  boots." 

Yank—"  So  do  I." 

Tar-heel—"  Say  Cap,"  addressing  his  officer,  "  Can't 
that  Yank  give  me  them  boots  ? " 

Before  the  captain  could  answer,  Nichols  said  to 
him,  "  Captain,  here's  a  fellow  that  hasn't  courage 
enough  to  capture  a  prisoner  in  a  fight,  but  is  just 
coward  enough  to  rob  a  man  already  taken.  Now,  if 
he  will  lay  down  his  gun  and  come  into  this  car  and 
pull  off  my  boots,  he  is  welcome  to  them."  The  invi- 
tation was  declined  in  a  liberal  sprinkling  of  "  cuss- 
words,"  and  Nichols  kept  his  boots. 

RATIONS. 

The  following  table  may  be  of  interest,  as  showing 
how  our  armies  were  fed.  To  every  man  the  follow- 
ing daily  subsistence  was  allowed: 

I.  Twelve  ounces  salt  pork  or  bacon,  or  twenty 
ounces  fresh  or  salt  beef. 


230       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

2.  Sixteen  ounces  hard  bread,  or  twenty-two 
ounces  of  soft  bread,  or  of  flour,  or  twenty  ounces 
corn  meal. 

3.  Six  tenths  of  a  gill  of  beans,  or  an  ounce  and 
one-half  of  rice. 

4.  An  ounce  and  one-half  of  coffee,  or  one-fifth  of 
an  ounce  of  tea. 

5.  Two  and  one-half  ounces  of  sugar. 

6.  One-third  of  a  gill  of  vinegar. 

7.  Three-fifths  of  an  ounce  of  soap. 

8.  One  and  one-half  gills  of  salt. 

Candles,  vegetables  (desiccated  or  otherwise)  were 
issued  where  convenient.  In  camps  near  cities,  or 
where  transportation  was  not  interrupted,  and  the 
supply  abundant,  it  was  not  possible  for  the  soldier  to 
consume  what  was  allowed  him.  This  was  the  case 
particularly  at  Camp's  Chase  and  Casey  and  at  Ports- 
mouth and  New  Berne.  Much  less  than  the  full 
ration  was  drawn  by  the  companies  at  these  places, 
and  the  difference  was  paid  them  in  cash  by  the  Gov- 
ernment. This  money  could  be  used  in  any  manner 
the  companies  directed.  Upon  a  march  or  in  the  face 
of  the  enemy,  the  supplies  were  habitually  ''  short." 
This  was  more  the  fault  of  the  contractors  than  of  the 
Government,  and  as  was  always  the  case  the  soldier 
was  the  sufferer,  for  he  neither  received  the  ration  nor 
the  commutation  therefor.  The  worst  swindles  were 
perpetrated  in  ''hard  bread"  and  salt  beef  ("salt- 
horse  "  as  it  was  termed).  Probably  the  purest  and 
most  excellent  ration  furnished  was  the  coffee.  The 
tea  was  vile  beyond  question,  the  vinegar  was  made 
of  acid  and  water,  and  the  beans  frecj^uentl}^  harder 
than  the  bullets  of  our  cartridges.  The  salt  pork  was 
usually  good,  so  was  the  fresh  beef,  fresh  bread  and 
vegetables,  whenever  issued.  The  toughest  "  hard- 
tack "  ever  served  out  to  us  was  at  Fredericksburg  in 
1862.  Many  of  the  men  dared  not  eat  it  in  daylight, 
particularly  that  taken  across  the  river  while  the  bat- 


BEFEN8E   OF   THE   UNION.  231 

tie  was  going-  on.  Morgan  of  Co.  D,  is  responsible  for 
the  statement,  that  after  the  engagement,  between 
two  hundred  and  three  hundred  boxes  of  this  bread 
were  condemned  and  fed  to  the  cattle  in  the  commis- 
sary department.  Had  the  latter  animals  not  been  on 
the  verge  of  starvation,  they  would  have  kicked  it 
into  the  Rappahannock  river.  The  writer  has  one  of 
those  original  "  B.  C.'s  "  sent  home  during  that  cam- 
paign. Did  space  permit,  it  would  be  interesting  to 
record  the  various  dishes  prepared  by  the  boys,  and 
the  methods  of  their  manufacture.  Such  terms  as 
"  scouse,"  "  hell-fire  stew,"  etc.,  etc.,  were  applied  to 
them;  and  when  eaten  by  a  stranger,  he  no  longer 
doubted  the  appropriateness  of  their  titles. 

NARRATIVE    OF    CAPT.    REUBEN    WATERMAN,    COMPANY    F. 

During  the  night  of  the  7th  of  March,  1865,  Maj, 
Osborne  and  myself  were  watching  the  Confederate 
lines  in  our  front.  My  company  was  on  picket  on  the 
extreme  right;  at  intervals  we  heard  the  sound  of 
axes  opposite  us,  across  the  creek,  and  knew  that 
works  of  some  kind  were  being  constructed  there. 
On  the  following  forenoon  when  the  final  attack  was 
made  upon  our  lines,  my  company  was  driven  in.  We 
maintained  our  formation  however,  and  fell  back  on 
the  reserves.  While  passing  through  the  woods,  I 
saw  Maj.  Osborne  lying  wounded  on  the  ground.  I 
offered  to  remain  with  him,  but  he  was  being  cared 
for  (see  Stoddard's  account)  and  ordered  me  to  get 
my  men  away  quickly  as  possible,  or  all  would  be 
captured.  I  ''  broke  ranks  "  at  once  and  every  man 
"  dug-out  "  for  himself.  I  went  through  a  little  open- 
ing in  the  trees  and  observing  our  flag  still  waving 
over  headquarters  in  the  rear,  concluded  there  was 
more  noise  than  danger  after  all,  and  as  I  had  ate 
neither  breakfast  nor  dinner,  sat  down  to  refresh  my- 
self with  a  "hard-tack."     While  munching  it,  I  heard 


232        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

some  one  say  "  surrender  ! "  bnt  paid  no  attention, 
thinking  it  a  joke  from  one  of  my  own  men.  In  a 
moment  the  demand  coupled  with  an  oath  was 
repeated,  and  turning,  two  rebel  muskets  looked  me 
in  the  face.  Their  owners  ordered  me  to  advance 
within  six  paces  of  them,  lay  down  my  sword  and 
retreat  six  paces,  which  requests  were  promptly  com- 
plied with.  I  was  put  in  charge  of  a  Confederate 
officer,  who  took  my  sword  and  ordered  me  taken 
under  guard  to  the  old  mill.  On  the  way  to  the  latter 
place,  I  was  told  to  move  on  the  "  double-quick  "  and 
did  so  a  few  yards.  This  proceeding  soon  grew 
monotonous  and  I  said  to  the  guard,  "  shoot  if  you 
want  to,  I've  gone  '  do^^ble-quick '  as  long  as  I  will." 

When  we  arived  at  the  mill,  I  was  turned  over  to 
a  lieiitenant,  who  spoke  kindly  and  was  a  gentleman. 
The  guard  insisted  I  should  give  up  my  money,  but 
this  officer  would  not  allow  it.  I  was  kept  here  until 
dark,  and  then  sent  to  Kinston.  From  Kinston  I  went 
to  Goldsboro  next  day,  and  there  met  my  brother 
officers. 

[Note. — With  the  exception  of  bribing  the  rebel  guards  with 
"  apple-jack  "  in  one  or  two  instances,  while  on  the  way  to  Rich- 
mond, Capt.  Waterman's  narrative  is  so  similar  to  what  has  here- 
tofore been  published,  that  further  mention  of  it  is  omitted.] 


Capt.  W.   C.   Burgess. 


PART    IV. 

YELLOW      FEVER    AT    NEW     BERNE THE     NORTH     CAROLINA 

TIMES RECOLLECTIONS     OF     SERGT.     HENRY     C.     BALD- 
WIN  A    VISIT    TO    FREDERICKSBURG,    VA.,    IN    1892. 

THE    YELLOW    FEVER    SCOURGE    AT    NEW    BERNE. 
BY    CAPT.    M.    A.    BUTRICKS,    CO.    I. 

In  reply  to  a  request  of  our  historian,  I  write 
a  short  account  of  my  recollections  of  New  Berne, 
during-  the  visitation  of  that  dreadful  scourge  of 
yellow  fever,  in  the  months  of  September,  October 
and  November,  1864.  While  I  shall  never  forget  that 
event,  my  memor}'  is  not  good  enough  to  enable  me 
to  specify  with  accuracy,  the  several  dates  to  which  I 
may  have  occasion  to  allude.  I  think  the  state- 
ment is  correct  that  the  earliest  intimation  we  had 
of  the  presence  of  the  unwelcome  visitor  in  our 
regiment,  was  when  vSergt.  Rogers  of  Co.  B,  gave 
up  his  life  as  its  first  victim  in  the  15th  C.  Y.  I 
well  remember  the  anxiety  that  was  felt,  by  officers 
and  men,  when  it  was  officially  declared  that  the 
cause  of  the  death  of  Sergt.  Rogers  was  yellow  fever. 
I  remember  also,  in  conversation  with  Surgeon  Hol- 
combe,  his  statement  that  we  had  yellow  fever  in  the 
city  of  New  Berne,  and  several  genuine  cases  in  our 
regiment,  and  that  nothing  but  an  early  frost  could 
put  a  stop  to  the  ravages  of  the  disease  which  would 
surely  prove  epidemic  and  take  away  maii}^  of  our 
comrades.  The  surgeon's  advice  was  "keep  cool, 
don't  get  nervous  and  excited,  eat  and  sleep  regu- 
larly, and  drink  plenty  of  good  commissary." 

When  at  last  the  disease  had  attacked  our  regi- 
ment, so  that  our  regimental  hospital  was  becoming 
more  and  more  occupied,  and  several  of  my  own 
company  were  occupants,  I  made  it  a  practice  to 
visit  them  daily;  and  in  this  connection  I  desire  to 


234 


FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 


bear  testimon}^  to  the  admirable  manner  in  which  the 
affairs  of  our  regimental  hospital  were  administered 
by  Surgeon  Holcombe  and  his  corps  of  assistants.  I 
do  not  think  that  any  of  the  unfortunate  patients 
were  neglected,  but  that  all  received  as  much  care 
and  attention  as  was  possible,  considering  the  great 
demands  made  upon  the  surgeons.  Who  that  visited 
our  hospital,  during  those  three  months  of  gloom  and 
anxiety,  can  ever  forget  the  scenes  there  witnessed; 
the  large  number  of  our  comrades  suffering  in  the 
various  stages  of  the  terrible  disease  ?  As  I  now 
remember,  Surgeon  Holcombe  had  three  wards,  where 
those  suffering  with  the  fever  were  received  ;  the 
first,  being  where  the  patient  was  in  its  first  stage  ; 
the  second,  when  the  disease  had  assumed  a  danger- 
ous character;  and  the  third,  where  the  patient  was 
given  up  as  past  all  hope  of  recovery;  this  Dr.  Hol- 
combe grimly  called  his  "finishing  room." 

During  the  month  of  vSeptember,  the  fever  had 
become  so  fixed  in  its  position  in  New  Berne  and  had 
attacked  so  many  of  the  citizens,  that  the  military 
aiithorities  became  solicitous  as  to  the  safety  of  the 
troops.  So  many  of  our  regiment  were  afflicted  with 
the  disease,  and  so  many  had  died,  that  it  was  feared 
the  command  would  be  destroyed  by  the  scourge,  if 
kept  longer  on  provost  duty.  Accordingly,  early  in 
October,  arrangements  were  made  to  relieve  the  regi- 
ment with  the  ist  Regt.  North  Carolina  Colored  Vol- 
unteers, and  the  15th  was  ordered  to  a  point  some- 
where on  the  railroad  between  New  Berne  and  More- 
head  City,  where  as  a  result,  it  soon  began  to  recover 
in  health  and  spirits.  Unfortunately  for  myself, 
when  this  order  came  I  was  officer  of  the  day  and  was 
ordered  to  continue  as  such,  in  charge  of  the  colored 
troops  on  provost  duty.  This  w^as  my  situation  dur- 
ing the  entire  time  and  without  relief. 

The  scenes  that  were  witnessed  in  the  streets  of 
New   Berne  were  simply  awful.      Many  times  was  I 


DEFENSE   OF   THE   UNION.  235 

called  upon  to  dismount  and  enter  a  house  where  the 
scourge  had  taken  away  some  member  of  the  house- 
hold, and  in  several  instances,  where  everyone  of  the 
family  lay  dead  upon  his  bed,  or  on  the  floor  of  the 
house;  many  times  was  I  obliged  to  send  one  of  the 
guard  to  the  quartermaster  with  orders  for  the  cus- 
tomary pine  box  in  which  to  convey  the  remains  to 
the  place  of  burial.  Every  morning  these  scenes 
were  repeated,  the  situation  daily  growing  worse 
during  the  month  of  October.  At  night  we  were 
ordered  to  keep  bonfires  burning  on  all  the  principal 
street  corners,  and  large  numbers  of  barrels  of  tur- 
pentine in  its  crude  state  were  consumed. 

With  the  exception  of  the  guard,  scarcely  a 
person  could  be  seen  on  the  streets  after  nightfall ; 
and  as  I  rode  from^  post  to  post  in  the  discharge  of 
my  duties,  I  seemed  to  be  riding  through  a  place 
where  a  deep  impenetrable  gloom  had  taken  up  its 
abiding  place.  If  ever  there  were  long  nights,  I  am 
sure  I  experienced  them  during  that  season  of  dread 
and  anxiety.  So  far  as  I  know,  not  a  single  man  of 
the  provost  guard  was  attacked  by  the  fever,  and  it 
was  remarked  that  the  colored  people  seemed  to  be 
proof  against  its  attacks.  The  great  loss  was  among 
the  poor  refugees  who  had  sought  shelter  and  pro- 
tection in  New  Berne,  but  found  instead,  in  many 
instances  an  unmarked  grave. 

One  of  the  most  interesting  scenes  that  I  now 
recall,  was  w^hen,  after  a  few  cool  nights  in  early 
November,  as  I  now  remember  the  date,  I  received 
orders  from  Gen.  Palmer  to  cause  every  building  in 
New  Berne,  whether  dwelling  or  store,  to  be  opened 
whenever  a  frost  could  be  expected.  Accordingly  the 
guard  was  instructed  to  find  so  far  as  possible,  the 
owners  and  occupants  of  the  various  tenements,  and 
to  give  notice  that  all  buildings  must  be  opened,  either 
with  the  requisite  key  or  by  the  application  of  the  axe 
in  the  hands  of  a  willing  guard,  whenever  the  order 


236       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

should  be  received.  Early  in  November  a  slight  frost 
appeared  and  orders  came  to  put  into  effect  previous 
instructions.  The  entire  provost  guard  was  promptly 
ordered  out,  divided  into  squads  and  assigned  to  the 
several  districts  of  the  city;  each  squad  being  under  the 
charge  of  a  non-commissioned  officer.  The  orders 
were  to  visit  every  building  and  cause  it  to  be  opened 
front  and  rear,  so  as  to  permit  the  free  access  of  the 
cold  air,  peaceably  if  possible,  forcibly  if  necessary. 
These  orders  were  executed  systematically  and  with 
apparent  willingness  on  the  part  of  the  guard,  and  in 
but  few  instances  did  we  ineet  with  opposition  on  the 
part  of  the  citizens;  all  seemed  to  recognize  the  orders 
as  a  necessary  step  toward  the  expulsion  of  the  fever 
from  the  city. 

In  some  cases  we  were  obliged  to  open  by  force, 
particularly  places  of  business,  either  by  forcing  the 
doors  or  breaking  the  windows.  Most  of  those  who 
had  conducted  business  in  the  stores  of  the  city,  had 
long  since  left,  abandoning  all  their  stock  and  seek- 
ing refuge  in  other  places,  so  soon  as  it  became  evi- 
dent that  the  fever  had  become  epidemic. 

To  the  soldier  one  of  the  greatest  sources  of  anx- 
iety during  this  period,  was  the  prohibition  to  send 
messages  home  and  likewise  no  opportunity  to  re- 
ceive letters  from  there ;  a  strict  cj^uarantine  was 
enforced,  and  for  many  weeks  we  were  anxious  re- 
garding our  loved  ones,  while  they  knowing  the 
presence  of  the  scourge  in  New  Berne,  were  equally 
solicitous  as  to  our  welfare,  dreading  lest  the  first 
mail  to  arrive  would  bring  tidings  of  death.  How 
great  then  was  our  rejoicing  when  after  the  first 
frost,  we  heard  the  welcome  announcement  that  the 
quarantine  was  removed,  and  mail  allowed  to  arrive 
and  depart.  It  is  safe  to  say  that  no  steamer  ever 
carried  more  affectionate  and  tender  messages,  than 
those  borne  on  the  first  steainer  leaving  New  Berne 
after  the  raising  of  quarantine. 


Lieut.  Charles  F.  Bowman, 


DEFENSE  OF   THE    UNION.  237 

The  first  frost,  while  it  gave  promise  that  the 
power  of  the  fever  was  broken,  had  the  result  to 
increase  largely  the  death  rate  for  a  few  days,  those 
afflicted  with  the  disease  being  apparently  hurried  out 
of  existence;  but  no  new  cases  appeared  and  we  real- 
ized that  we  had  passed  the  danger  line,  and  from 
that  time  had  no  further  fear  of  our  terrible  visitant. 

I  do  not  remember  the  date  when  the  regiment  re- 
turned to  New  Berne  and  resumed  its  duty  as  pro- 
vost guard,  but  I  do  remember  that  it  was  with 
great  joy  and  satisfaction  that  I  welcomed  it  back 
to  its  old  quarters  and  was  happy  in  the  thought, 
that  I  was  to  be  relieved  as  officer  of  the  da}", 
yea,  of  many  days.  I  notice  you  give  the  number  of 
victims  in  our  regiment  as  sixty,  I  cannot  safely  dis- 
pute those  figures,  but  it  has  always  been  my  impres- 
sion that  our  loss  was  about  eighty  men.  In  the  list 
I  fail  to  discover  the  name  of  Lieut.  Thompson,*  of 
Co.  F.  It  was  my  duty,  with  Lieut.  Bowman,  to  be 
with  him  the  last  night  of  his  life,  and  to  do  what  we 
could  to  make  his  last  hours  as  comfortable  as  pos- 
sible ;  neither  of  us  will  ever  desire  to  be  present  at 
a  scene  of  like  character. 

In  conclusion  permit  me  to  say,  that  while  the  15th 
did  not  participate  in  as  many  battles  as  some  other 
regiments,  still  I  do  not  believe  that  any  regiment 
during  the  entire  war,  underwent  anything  that 
would  compare  with  the  dreadful  experience  we,  as  a 
regiment,  were  compelled  to  endure  during  the  reign 
of  "Yellow  Jack  "  at  New  Berne. 

ADDITIONAL     FACTS     CONCERNING     THE     YELLOW     FEVER 

EPIDEMIC    AT    NEW    BERNE. 

FROM    NOTES    FURNISHED    BY    ASSISTANT   SURGEON    EDWARD    O.    COWLES. 

The  first  case  of  yellow  fever  in  the  original  15th 
Regiment  was  Sergt.  Rogers,  Co.  B.     But  the  first  case 

*  The  following  names  should  be  added  to  the  list  recorded  in  Chap.  VII : 
Co.  F,  Lt.  W.  W.  Thompson,  Oct.  29,  1864.         Co.  H,  Henry  C.  Lord,  Sept.  16,  1864. 


238        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEEBS. 

was  one  among  a  number  of  men  sent  us  from  other 
regiments  at  the  front.  This  case  occurred  in  June, 
'64,  and  was  under  Dr.  Cowles'  care.  The  symptoms 
and  course  of  the  disease  were  those  of  yellow  fever; 
and,  in  order  to  settle  the  cjuestion,  he  made  an 
autopsy  and  called  in  Dr.  Holcombe  to  see  the  re- 
sult. The  characteristic  lesions  of  yellow  fever  were 
unmistakably  present,  and  when  they  were  pointed 
out  to  Dr.  Holcombe,  he  shrugg-ed  his  shoulders  and 

remarked  :    "  We  shall  catch  here  before  the 

summer  is  out !  "  Dr.  Cowles  reported  the  case  as 
one  of  yellow  fever  to  Dr.  Hand,  Medical  Director. 
He  sent  back  the  report  with  the  request  that  the 
diagnosis  be  changed,  as  the  publication  of  it  would 
create  a  panic  among  the  soldiers  and  through  the 
Department.  Dr.  Cowles  replied  that  the  diagnosis 
was  correct,  and,  if  he  doubted  it,  referred  him  to 
Dr.  Holcombe,  who  had  witnessed  the  result  of  the 
autopsy,  and  who  was  familiar  with  the  disease,  hav- 
ing observed  it  in  Mexico  years  before.  Then  came 
an  order  to  change  the  diagnosis  to  bilious  remittent 
fever,  which  was  not  obeyed,  on  the  ground  that  the 
only  value  in  a  report  was  its  truthfulness.  Dr.  Hol- 
combe's  prediction  and  Dr.  Cowles'  diagnosis  were 
fully  verified  by  subsequent  events. 

Capt.  Butricks  is  also  correct  in  this,  that  "  our 
loss  was  about  eight)^  men."  In  all,  there  were  about 
240  cases.  Unless  the  epidemic  is  very  mild,  two- 
thirds  saved  is  a  ver}"  large  percentage. 

Dr.  Holcombe's  "  corps  of  assistants  "  consisted  of 
Dr.  Cowles  alone,  until  the  latter  was  attacked  by  the 
fever;  then,  only  of  a  "  contract  surgeon."  As  every 
regiment  on  active  duty,  or  in  a  severe  epidemic,  is 
entitled  to  one  surgeon  and  two  assistants,  it  will 
readily  appear  that  the  work  of  caring  for  yellow 
fever  patients  was  not  easy. 


Hortl]  Carolina  dimes. 

New  Berne,  N.  C,  June  2p,  1S64. 

Such  is  the  title  of  a  newspaper  printed  on  the 
cheapest  straw  colored  wrapping  paper  possible,  in 
the  possession  of  Martin  Allen  of  Co.  D.  It  is  pre- 
sented here  to  give  a  little  idea  of  the  cost  of  family 
supplies  at  the  time  of  its  issue,  in  the  Confederacy. 
It  quotes  from  the  Petersburg  Register  as  follows: 

Columbia,   S.    C— Beef,    $2.50   per  pound.     Chickens, 

$5.00  each.     Flour,  seventy-five  cents  per 

pound. 
Raleigh,  X.  C  — Corn  meal,  $28.00  per  bushel. 
Grenada,  Miss. — Hotel  charges,  $7.00  per  day. 
Wilmington,  X.  C.^Beef,    S4-oo   per   pound.      Bacon, 

$4.00    per    pound.       Butter,    $10.00     per 

pound.     Eggs,  $4.00   per   dozen.      Flour, 

$160.00  per  barrel.     Lard,  $5.00  per  pound. 
Atlanta,  Ga. — Flour,  $200.00  per  barrel.     Wheat,  $20.00 

per    bushel.      Bacon,    $3.00    per    pound. 

Corn,  $28.00  per  bushel. 
Richmond,    Va. — Bacon,    $10.00   per    poimd.       Flour, 

$425.00  per  barrel.     Beef,  $6.00  per  pound. 

Eggs,    $10.00  per   dozen.      Butter,  $20.00 

per  pound. 

RECOLLECTIOXS. 
BY    HENRY    C.    BALDAVIN,    CO.    H. 

The  panorama  unfolded  to  the  members  of  the  15th 
from  Camp  Terry  on  Oyster  Point,  in  July,  1862,  to 
Grape  Vine  Point,  when  finally  discharged  in  July, 
1865,  is  one  that  is  indelibly  impressed  on  the  mem- 
ory of  each  one  who  took  it  in,  in  its  entirety.  As 
now,  December  2g,  1893,  I  unroll  it  again,  looking  at 


240        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEEUS. 

the  1,040  men  in  full  health,  boarding  that  long  train 
of  cars  in  the  sandy  cut  that  delightful  August  day, 
how  varying  the  emotions  it  starts  !  At  one  point  I 
am  moved  to  mirth  and  laughter,  as  some  scene  comes 
to  my  vision  that  would  convulse  a  funeral  procession, 
and  again  my  eyes  become  misty  as  the  change  pre- 
sents some  touching  incident  of  suffering  and  heroism 
worthy  the  sublimest  period  of  civilization's  growth. 

Reading  these  incidents  as  I  do  in  the  fading  light 
of  thirty  years,  I  am  free  to  say  there  were  among  the 
officers  and  men  of  this  command,  as  lofty  ideals  of 
patriotism  and  as  keen  an  appreciation  of  the  ludi- 
crous as  could  be  found  in  any  regiment  in  the  service. 

This  panorama  is  only  painted  on  the  retina  of  the 
memories  of  those  who  live  now  and  saw  it  then,  so 
that  if  any  choice  bits  of  it  either  grave  or  gay  are  to 
be  rescued  from  the  gathering  oblivion  of  years,  it 
must  be  done  soon,  for  time  is  fast  hastening  the 
beating  of  "  lights  out  "  in  the  last  tenting  place  for 
members  of  the  old  15  th  C.  V. 

As  I  begin,  it  seems  as  if  I  could  write  a  volume, 
merely  of  the  incidents  of  those  three  years  stored 
away  in  the  chambers  of  memory,  but  I  will  be 
merciful  and  only  record  a  few  such  recollections  as 
I  feel  have  escaped  the  attention  of  more  entertain- 
ing scribes. 

No  greener  country  lad  ever  put  on  a  corporal's 
uniform  than  was  I  when  Sergt.  H.  T.  Hoadley  and 
myself  concluded  to  be  tent-mates  about  August  25, 
1862,  but  I  had  eyes,  ears  and  a  fair  memory,  the 
latter  making  its  daily  record  of  things  peculiarly 
pathetic  or  ludicrous. 


vSome  few  days  after  Lincoln's  emancipation  proc- 
lamation had  been  made  public,  and  the  gloom  follow- 
ing the  second  battle  of  Bull  Run  hung  like  a  cloud 
over  the  nation,  Joseph    Flynn,  a  large    man  in    my 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  241 

company  was  taken  sick.  We  had  no  hospital  and  he 
was  placed  on  a  bed  of  straw  under  a  "tent-fly"  just 
beyond  the  officers'  quarters.  He  sent  for  me  and  re- 
quested me  to  write  a  letter  home  to  his  family.  He 
dictated  a  cheerful,  hopeful  epistle  to  the  "  old  woman  " 
as  he  called  her,  and  I  read  it  all  over  to  him.  He 
thanked  me  so  earnestly  and  said  "  I  never  had  no 
chance  to  learn  to  write." 

The  next  day  I  went  to  see  him  again  and  he  was 
delirious.  I  remained  some  time  to  make  him  com- 
fortable, but  the  following  day  he  died,  and  I  was 
detailed  with  two  comrades  to  open  a  grave.  We  dug 
it  in  that  gravelly  soil,  it  being  the  first  burial  of  one 
of  our  boys  in  old  Virginia.  The  military  burial  was 
under  the  direction  of  Lieut.  Penrose.  There  were 
many  moist  eyes  as  Co.  H  marched  out  to  the  grave 
keeping  step  to  the  ''dead  march."  Three  volleys 
were  fired  over  the  open  grave,  and  then  the  com- 
pany returned  to  quarters  to  most  lively  music.  This 
first  death  in  camp  impressed  me  more  than  the  hun- 
dred I  subsequently  witnessed.  I  have  since  often 
asked  myself  "  did  the  old  woman  get  that  letter?" 


Everybody  knew  John  Leonard  of  Co.  E,  and 
never  saw  him  without  thinking  of  "  Whee  ye  devils," 
for  that  midnight  cry  of  his  often  woke  up  the  whole 
camp,  causing  a  few  to  swear  and  many  to  laugh, 
Billy  Hogan  was  of  himself  sufficient  to  immortalize 
Co.  C,  while  Co.  H  had  not  less  than  four  or  five  who 
could  fill  an  equal  bill  in  that  direction.  Paddy 
McAIanus  made  Co.  H  as  famous  as  Billy  Hogan  did 
Co.  C,  and  I  could  relate  a  hundred  instances  where 
he  has  been  the  innocent  cause  of  mirth  such  as  never 
was  enjoyed  outside  of  camp.     Here  are  a  few. 

Soon  after  we  went  into  winter  quarters  at  Ports- 
mouth, I  used  to  miss  from  my  tent,  spoons,  knives 
and  forks.  So  one  day  when  I  was  off  duty  and  the 
16 


242        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEEBS. 

re^'iment  out  on  drill,  I  went  into  several  tents  and 
marked  considerable  tin  plate  ware  "  H.  C.  B."  Not 
many  days  after  wjien  I  went  to  dinner  my  spoon  was 
missing.  I  went  directly  to  McManiis'  tent  and  found 
him  eating.  "Here!"  said  I,  "What  are  you  doing- 
with  my  spoon?"  "I  had  that  spoon  from  New 
Haven  out,"  replied  Pat.  I  said,  "  I'll  bet  my  name  is 
on  it,"  and  taking  it,  showed  him  on  the  under  side 
the  mark  "  H.  C.  B."     He  gazed  at   the  letters  for  a 

moment  and  then  exclaimed:    "  Take  it  and  be  d d 

to  ve,  but  I  had  it  from  New  Haven  out." 


One  night  in  the  barracks  at  New  Berne,  when  the 
boys  were  fast  asleep,  Pat  rose  from  his  bunk  very 
quietly  and  lighted  a  candle.  He  then  pulled  a  mess- 
pan  out  from  under  his  bed  nearly  full  of  boiled  cab- 
bage. He  set  the  pan  on  his  bunk,  took  a  taste  (I  was 
in  the  next  bunk  and  happened  to  be  awake)  and  then 
softly  said  to  himself,  "  I'll  have  some  vinegar,"  and 
suiting  the  action  to  the  word  started  for  the  cook 
house,  leaving  the  cabbage  on  the  bunk.  He  had 
hardly  left  the  door  before  Tom  Cannon,  whose  camp 
name  was  "wharf  rat,"  dropped  from  his  bunk  like  a 
weasel,  ran  to  the  fire-place,  filled  both  hands  with 
soot  and  ashes,  stirred  it  hastily  into  the  cabbage,  at 
the  same  time  extinguishing  the  candle  and  then 
noiselessly  slipped  back  into  his  bed.  Pat  soon  re- 
turned whistling,  as  was  his  custom,  "  Och,  wher 
is  me  light,"  he  said,  and  then  added  "  I'll  have  me 
cabbage  anyway."  I  distinctly  heard  the  vinegar 
poured  on  the  toothsome  vegetable.  Then  a  mouth- 
ful was  taken,  followed  by  a  spitting  sound,  immedi- 
ately succeeded  by  a  roar  from  Pat  in  these  words,  "  O 

ye  gulpins  of  h ,  I'll  be  even  with  ye  for  this  yet." 

Pat  was  mad  clear  through  and  raved  until  he  woke 
every  man  in  the  barrack,  and  they  began  to  pelt  him 
with    stale    bread  which  kicked  up  such  a  row  that 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNIOX.  ,  , , 

Serg-t.  Hoadley  came  from  his  quarters  and  threatened 
to  put  us  all  in  the  guard  house.  Order  was  finally  re- 
stored, but  Pat  continued  to  mutter  over  and  over 
again  "Oh,  the  gulpins  of  h ." 

Pat  was  fond  of  his  pipe  and  it  caused  his  arrest 
on  one  occasion.  When  on  guard  one  day  in  New 
Berne,  he  set  his  musket  against  the  fence  and  stooped 
down  to  light  his  pipe;  just  as  he  struck  the  match 
which  he  was  shielding  from  the  wind  with  his  cap, 
the  ofificer  of  the  day  rode  up.  Says  Pat,  "hould  on 
now  until  I  light  me  pipe  and  I'll  salute  ye." 

One  night  he  was  on  post  when  the  "  grand  rounds  " 
came  ;  he  challenged  properly  and  received  the  re- 
sponse. I  had  carefully  instructed  him  what  to  do 
upon  such  an  occasion,  but  instead  of  saying  "  turn 
out  the  guard — grand  rounds,"  he  stuck  his  head  in 
the  guard  tent  and  said  "corporal  the  grand  rounds 
is  here  and  wants  to  see  ye." 

I  do  not  know  if  Pat  is  on  earth  or  has  gone  to  the 
last  great  camp  ground,  but  I  shall  always  cherish  a 
kindly  feeling  toward  him  for  the  amusement  he 
afforded  during  those  vears. 


One  cold  day  in  the  latter  part  of  November,  1862, 
while  we  occupied  "wSibley  tents"  at  Fairfax  Semi- 
nary, Sergt.  Burritt  took  some  men  and  tore  down  an 
old  shed  owned  by  one  of  the  natives,  to  make  a  cook 
house,  a.nd  as  a  consequence  he  was  put  under  arrest. 
There  was  much  talk  about  rigid  discipline  and  all 
that  sort  of  thing,  and  the  subject  of  who  would  be 
promoted  to  Burritt's  place  was  fully  discussed  in  the 
smoky  malarial  atmosphere  of  the  tall  tents.  That 
night  on  dress  parade  it  was  expected  the  fate  of  the 
bold  sergeant  would  be  known.  Adjt.  Brown  looked 
for  all  the  world  that  night  as  he  took  a  bunch  of 
orders  from  under  his  belt,  as  if  he  had  just  stepped 
out    of   a   band-box.     He    read    one   document   after 


244        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

another,  and  finally  one  which  reduced  Orderly-Sergt. 
Newell  F.  Burritt  to  the  ranks.  There  was  an  ex- 
change of  glances  sidewise  in  Co.  H,  as  if  to  say  "I 
told  you  so."  Then  Adjt.  Brown  drew  forth  another 
order  from  head-quarters  15th  C.  V.  which  promoted 
Private  Newell  F.  Burritt  to  be  Orderly-vSergeant  of 
Co.  H.  in  consideration  of  distinguished  services. 
Burritt  was  a  private  for  just  exactly  three  minutes. 
Thus  was  discipline  maintained  and  much  amusement 
furnished  to  Co.  H. 


While  on  the  march  through  Maryland,  on  the  way 
to  Fredericksburg  it  snowed  one  night,  and  as  we  broke 
camp  the  following  morning,  the  sun  came  out  and  the 
snow  which  was  lodged  in  great  patches  among  the  pine 
trees  began  to  fall  on  us  and  down  our  necks.  Lieut. 
Allen  exclaimed  as  we  marched  toward  the  road  "  I'll 
shoot  the  first  man  I  hear  singing  '  I'm  Glad  I'm  in  this 
Army.'  "  That  had  been  a  favorite  song  in  the  prayer- 
meetings,  but  as  we  trudged  along  in  the  snow  and 
mud  I  heard  no  one  sing  it,  but  instead  the  whole 
regiment  struck  up  "  Going  'Round  the  Horn,"  accom- 
panied by  "  Kelly's  warble "  every  now  and  then, 
which  served  greatly  to  lighten  the  weary  march. 


In  the  spring  of  1864  when  good  party  men  went 
home  to  Connecticut  to  vote,  creating  much  angry 
feeling  and  sadly  cracking  for  the  time  being  disci- 
pline, many  things  took  place  which  I  am  perfectly 
willing  should  be  forgotten.  When  the  voters 
returned,  nearly  all  the  regiment  except  the  guard, 
was  off  on  a  raid  to  Little  Washington.  One  of  our 
boys  brought  a  quart  bottle  of  fine  old  whiskey  for 
Tom  Saunders,  who  loved  fire-water  better  than  life. 
The  bottle  was  nicely  sealed  and  put  into  wSergt.  Hoad- 
ley's  hands  to  keep.  The  second  day  we  concluded  to 
sample  it  and  carefully  removed  the  sealing  wax.  We 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UmON.  245 

turned  out  just  one-half  and  filled  it  up  with  water. 
We  justified  our  course  on  the  high  moral  ground  that 
whiskey  "  inundated  "  would  be  much  better  for  Saun- 
ders than  in  the  original  package.  We  then  carefully- 
sealed  the  bottle  and  put  it  away.  The  day  following 
we  repeated  the  operation.  Then  there  was  an 
example  in  "alligation"  to  determine  just  how  much 
whiskey  there  was  in  the  bottle  when  we  delivered  it 
to  Tom  on  his  return.  He  took  it  to  his  bunk  which 
was  in  a  far  corner  and  never  offered  a  sup  to  mortal 
man.  We  watched  from  a  distance  until  he  had  taken 
the  last  drop.  He  sat  as  if  expecting  something  and 
finally  beckoned  to  Sergt.  Beardsley,  who  approached, 
when  Saunders  held  up  the  empty  bottle  and  ex- 
claimed "  Beasly,  I've  dronk  the  full  of  that  bottle 
and  I  aint  staving  yet."  Tom  Saunders'  ingenuity 
when  directed  toward  getting  fire-water  was  marvel- 
ous. While  we  were  encamped  at  Suffolk  near  the  103d 
N.  Y.,  Saunders  was  walking  one  day  near  the  depot 
and  saw  the  surgeon  of  that  regiment  near  by  with 
a  canteen  swung  across  his  shoulder.  Just  before  he 
reached  him  Tom  dropped  on  his  back  a  picture  of 
agony  and  began  screaming  "  Oh,  the  cramps,  the 
cramps!"  The  doctor  was  soon  by  his  side  and  at  once 
put  the  canteen  to  his  lips,  which  Tom  frantically 
clung  to  until  he  drank  it  nearly  dry.  The  doctor 
called  some  teamsters  and  lifted  Tom  into  the  depot 
and  laid  him  down  carefully,  he  all  the  time  keeping 
up  a  terrible  groaning.  Then  the  humane  surgeon 
started  for  an  ambulance  to  remove  his  patient  to  the 
hospital,  but  he  was  no  sooner  out  of  sight  than  Saun- 
ders jumped  up  and  ran  for  camp,  shouting  as  he 
reached  it,  "  I  got  staving  drunk  off  the  Dutch  doctor," 
and  sure  enough  he  had. 


I   doubt  if  there  was  a   man  who  remained    any 
length  of  time  with  the  regiment  who  did  not  know 


246        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICVT  VOLUNTEERS. 

"  Massa  Horn."  His  ways  were  unique  and  his  humor 
orig-inal.  As  I  pen  these  lines  how  the  recollections 
of  his  doings  and  sayings  come  trooping  before  me  ! 

One  day  he  had  a  peculiarly  pious  streak  on,  and 
by  the  way  I  think  it  was  Sunday.  Some  of  the  boys 
were  playing  cards  and  as  I  remember  it  was  for  a 
"twenty-five  cent  sutler  ticket  a  corner  and  no  limit." 
Mike  sought  a  prominent  place  and  began  a  sermon. 
His  first  words  were:  "  Would  to  God  I  was  a  preacher 
that  I  could  talk  to  ye;  here  you  are  with  your  lives 
in  jeopardy  every  day,  and  you  are  cursing,  taking  the 
name  of  God  in  vain.  What  would  your  parents  say 
if  they  should  hear  you  cursing  and  swearing?  Oh, 
my  heart  bleeds  for  you."  At  this  point  a  loaf  of  stale 
bread  struck  Mike  on  the  side  of  the  head,  nearly 
knocking  him  down,  when  he  turned  and  exclaimed, 

"  Oh,  you ,  etc."     He  jDoured  out  such  a  volume  of 

curses  on  the  head  of  the  thrower  as  would  have 
made  the  "fiddler  of  Donareal"  envious. 

On  one  occasion  when  watching  a  corporal  who 
lifted  his  feet  very  high  when  he  stepped,  Mike  re- 
marked: "  He  always  walks  like  a  hen  afore  day." 


I  have  often  remarked  that  I  was  never  under  fire 
when  I  did  not  see  something  to  make  me  laugh,  and 
I  presume  my  experience  would  be  confirmed  by  most 
soldiers.  On  the  morning  of  March  8,  1865,  when  we 
were  supporting  a  section  of  the  battery  that  was  ex- 
changing shots  with  the  guns  of  the  enemy  at  Kins- 
ton,  N.  C,  a  chap  named  McCourt,  a  recruit,  declared 
he  wanted  to  see  what  the  rebs  were  about  anyway, 
and  with  that  he  began  to  climb  a  tree  just  in  front  of 
Co.  H.  When  he  had  got  up  about  twenty  feet  a  shell 
came  through  the  top  of  the  tree,  making  kindling 
wood  of  it  right  and  left.  McCourt  let  go  and  dropped 
to  the  ground  amid  the  laughter  and  jeers  of  the 
whole    company.       A    few   moments   later   as    Sergt. 


DEFENSE  OF  THE  UNION.  247 

Beecher  of  Co.  E  and  myself  were  lying  on  our 
knapsacks,  another  shell  struck  in  the  ground  by 
Beecher's  head,  ploughing  along  by  me  and  explod- 
ing just  as  it  came  out,  sprinkling  both  of  us  with  a 
liberal  portion  of  the  sacred  soil  of  North  Carolina. 
Beecher  brushed  the  dirt  out  of  his  eyes  and  remarked, 
"  I  guess  they  are  finding  out  where  we  are." 


There  has  been  much  said  about  "•  civilized  war- 
fare." There  is  no  siich  thing.  War  at  its  best  is 
barbarism,  and  no  honest  man  who  ever  went  over  a 
battlefield  before  the  smoke  has  cleared  away  and 
has  seen  what  he  must  see,  can  doubt  the  truth  of 
Gen.  Sherman's  remark  that  "war  is  hell." 

When  driven  from  our  position  at  the  rail  fence  at 
the  battle  of  Kinston  in  1865,  I  crossed  the  road  on 
the  right  with  a  dozen  others  and  attempted  to  make 
a  stand  in  a  clump  of  pine  trees;  of  the  twelve  men, 
seven  were  shot  down  in  less  time  than  I  write  this 
paragraph.  I  fired  once  holding  my  rifle  by  the  side 
of  a  tree.  One  ball  pierced  my  hat  and  another 
stopped  in  the  tree  not  far  from  my  nose.  I  was  so 
frightened  that  I  think  my  hair  had  elevated  ni}-  hat 
and  it  may  have  been  the  means  of  saving  my  scalp. 
Harmon  Johnson  of  Co.  G  was  standing  near  and 
raised  his  gun.  but  his  forehead  was  that  instant 
pierced  by  a  minnie  ball.  Sergt.  wSmith  of  Co.  H  fell 
with  a  ball  in  his  right  knee. 

Before  I  could  load  my  piece  after  taking  that  last 
shot,  two  Enfield  rifles  with  a  "gray  back"  behind 
each    were   thrust   in    my   face,   with    the    command, 

"  you  d d  Yank,  surrender."     I  remarked,  grace- 

fullv  as  I  could  in  the  circumstances,  "  I  think  I 
will."  I  was  soon  started  with  two  guards  toward 
the  mill,  but  slipped  away  suddenly,  resolving  to  get 
down  through  to  our  lines  again,  and  with  that  in 
view    I    went    directlv  back    to   that   very  clump   of 


24S        FIFTEENTH  COXXECTICUT  VOLUXTEERS. 

trees,  and  as  I  was  passing,  Sergt.  Smith  said,  "  Hen, 
for  God's  sake  don't  leave  me."  I  stopped  and  ex- 
amined his  wound,  when  up  came  another  Confede- 
rate, and  took  me  prisoner  again.  I  protested  that  I 
should  stay  with  my  brother,  and  while  we  parleyed, 
Gen.  Bragg  and  staff  came  riding  by.  I  saluted, 
called  him  by  name,  and  asked  if  I  could  not  stay 
with  my  brother,  and  he  replied,  ''  Yes,  and  if  any 
one  disturbs  you,  tell  them  you  are  here  by  order 
of  Gen.  Bragg."  Later  I  had  a  pass  given  me  to 
remain  on  the  field,  by  a  surgeon  on  Gen.  Hoke's 
staff.  I  then  devoted  my  time  to  doing  what  I  could 
for  our  wounded.  I  had  a  really  fine  pen-knife  which 
took  the  eye  of  one  of  the  young  Confederate  sur- 
geons, and  this  I  traded  with  him  for  a  quantity  of 
morphine,  which  I  administered  to  such  as  needed  it 
so  long  as  it  lasted.  One  little  Frenchman,  of  Co.  E, 
I  found  with  both  hips  shattered,  and  he  had  endured 
the  agony  for  four  long  hours,  and  as  he  saw  me  he 
exclaimed,  ''Oh,  Sergeant,  do  shoot  me,  do  shoot  me." 
I  gave  him  a  dose  of  the  blessed  pain  destroyer,  and 
his  way  to  death  was  made  easy.  Two  hours  later  I 
looked  into  his  face ;  the  agonized  expression  was 
gone,  and  the  poor  boy  had  entered  upon  his  last  long 
sleep.  Elias  Andrews  I  found  was  shot  through  the 
abdomen  and  Charley  Patterson  through  the  stomach. 
I  administered  a  liberal  dose  of  morphine  to  each,  and 
before  I  left  the  field,  at  midnight,  both  had  fallen 
asleep.  The  hours  that  day  seemed  longer  than  days. 
From  about  11  a.m.  until  an  hour  past  m.idnight  I  was 
constantly  at  work  helping  move  the  wounded  or 
giving  temporary  dressing  to  wounds. 

Most  of  the  wounded  were  gathered  in  and  about 
Dr.  Cobb's  house.  The  piazza  was  covered  with  men 
who  had  been  placed  there  when  it  began  to  rain. 
Corp.  Mandeville  I  remember  as  sitting  on  the  floor, 
leaning  back  against  the  house;  his  breast  was  ex- 
posed,  and  I  saw  in    it  a  ghastlv  hole,  from  which 


DEFEXSE  OF   THE   UXIOX.  ,49 

blood  oozed  at  every  breath.  In  one  of  the  cabins  lav 
Capt.  Bassett  of  Co.  A.  About  eight  o'clock  I  gave  him 
a  drink  of  water.  I  heard  some  one  calling  from  far  off 
in  the  woods,  and  I  finally  prevailed  on  a  Confederate 
soldier  to  take  a  stretcher  and  go  with  me  after  the 
sufferer.  It  seemed  a  long  time  before  we  found  the 
sufferer,  who  proved  to  be  a  comrade  named  Tibbits, 
a  drafted  Wisconsin  recruit.  One  hip  was  broken, 
and  as  he  weighed  nearly  two  hundred  pounds,  it 
really  seemed  as  if  we  would  never  get  him  to  Dr. 
Cobb's  house;  in  fact,  it  was  past  ten  o'clock  before  we 
did  so.  I  was  becoming  exhausted,  but  just  then  a 
number  of  baggage  wagons  came  up  with  orders  to 
load  in  the  wounded  "  Yanks."  I  assisted  in  putting 
in  nearly  all,  and  it  was  just  one  o'clock  when  I  lifted 
Mike  Buckley  of  Co.  E  and  Sergt.  Smith  of  Co.  H 
into  an  old  rickety  wagon.  I  rode  outside  with  the 
driver.  Just  before  we  were  ready  to  start  I  paid  one 
more  visit  to  the  shanty  where  I  left  Capt.  Bassett, 
and  saw  him  outside,  dead,  and  divested  of  his  uni- 
form. 

Just  before  I  went  to  the  old  wagon  I  took  out  my 
watch  to  see  the  time,  and  it  was  near  one  o'clock:  as 
I  shut  the  time-piece  a  young  Confederate  approached 
me,  and  remarked,  "  I  am  a  surgeon  and  need  a  watch 
very  much."  I  said,  "  Why  don't  you  get  one  then  ? " 
and  he  replied,  "I  propose  to,  and  like  that  one  of 
yours."  I  was  getting  -hot,"  but  he  said,  "unless 
you  let  me  have  it  you  can't  go  with  your  brother." — 
I  heard  Smith's  voice  from  the  wagon  begging  me  to 
give  it  to  him,  which  I  did  with  a  remark  similar  to 
the  one  McManus  used  when  I  took  the  spoon.  This 
surgeon  said  his  name  was  Williams,  and  that  his 
home  was  in  Hartwell,  Georgia.  He  politely  handed 
me  $100  in  Confederate  notes,  but  I  replied,  "keep 

your  d d  rags:"  but  he  remarked,  "they  may  be 

useful  to  you  where  you  are  going,"  so  I  took  them, 
and  three  or  four  davs  after  traded  them  for  biscuits 


250       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

and  fried  eggs,  which  were  much  relished  by  the 
wounded.  Ten  dollars  would  buy  two  biscuits  and 
one  fried  &gg. 

The  ride  from  the  old  mill  to  the  village  of  Kin- 
ston  was  a  fearful  trip  for  the  wounded,  and  how  one 
of  them  survived  it  I  can't  understand.  Every  jolt 
brought  a  chorus  of  groans  from  the  poor  fellows 
with  broken  arms  and  legs.  I  suppose  we  were  not 
more  than  an  hour  on  the  road,  but  it  seemed  an  age. 
When  we  arrived  at  Kinston  I  was  directed  to  an 
old  store-house  already  crowded  with  the  dead  and 
wounded  from  both  armies.  The  only  means  of  light- 
ing it  was  by  a  few  bits  of  tallow  candles.  Sleep  for 
me  was  out  of  the  question,  though  finally  I  lay  down 
exhausted,  and  for  a  time  was  lost  in  dreams.  When  I 
started  up  the  sunshine  was  just  streaming  in.  May 
such  a  sight  never  again  be  presented  to  man.  I  saw 
among  those  crowded  on  the  floor  Maj.  Osborn,  who 
greeted  me  with  a  cheery  "good  morning."  It  was 
remarkable  how  men  with  shattered  limbs  and  great 
gaping  wounds  could  forget  their  agony  in  sleep. 
Only  a  few  feet  from  where  I  reclined  lay  a  Georg- 
ian soldier  talking  incoherently,  with  a  bullet  hole 
through  his  head,  from  which  the  brains  were  oozing. 
As  the  full  day  came  in,  men  lying  in  their  blood, 
and  whose  every  motion  was  torture,  actually  be- 
came cheerful,  and  joked  each  other  as  they  com- 
pared wounds.  All  distinction  of  Blue  and  Gray  was 
dropped  in  that  room  that  morning,  and  when  the 
Confederate  surgeon  came  to  begin  his  work  he 
seemed  lost  in  humanity.  He  called  me  to  his  assist- 
ance in  administering  chloroform  when  he  began  to 
amputate,  and  finally  he  had  me  use  the  trenchelum 
in  taking  up  the  arteries  as  he  put  the  keen  knife 
through  the  quivering  flesh  of  an  arm  or  leg.  My 
face  was  repeatedly  sprayed  with  blood  while  thus 
engaged.  I  did  not  keep  count  of  the  amputations, 
but  there  were  many,  and  for  five  hours  that  surgeon 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION.  ,51 

worked  at  his  humane  task  without  halting,  and  then 
he  asked  me  to  '•  have  a  snack  "  with  him.  " 

The  meal  consisted  of  biscuits  and  bacon,  and 
though  the  biscuits  were  hard  and  tough,  no  epicure 
ever  relished  a  feast  more  than  I  did  that,  eaten 
though  it  was  in  the  midst  of  all  that  suffering. 

Toward  night  there  was  a  sudden  commotion. 
Oi?icers  were  hurrying  to  and  fro,  and  soon  orders 
came  to  move  all  the  wounded  to  a  train  of  box  cars 
that  stood  on  the  track  not  far  away.  It  seemed  to 
me  little  short  of  downright  murder,  but  at  it  I  went, 
lifting  the  poor  fellows  into  the  old  baggage  wagons 
and  then  into  the  filthy  cars,  and  not  until  after  8 
o'clock  was  the  last  sufferer  loaded.  That  night  was 
one  of  unutterable  horror.  There  was  no  light  in 
the  cars,  and  before  the  train  reached  Goldsboro,  it 
stopped  and  started  at  least  twenty  times,  and  at 
every  start  a  jerk  was  given  that  sent  a  thrill  of 
agony  from  one  end  of  the  train  to  the  other.  In  the 
car  where  I  was  I  could  distinctly  hear  the  broken 
bones  grate  at  such  times.  I  felt  as  if  I  would  shoot 
the  engineer  if  I  could,  for  it  seemed  to  me  he  did 
it  from  sheer  cruelty. 

It  was  about  two  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the 
loth  when  we  arrived  at  Goldsboro.  Two  wagons 
were  sent  to  the  train  to  take  the  wounded  to  the  old 
Fair-ground  building,  some  distance  from  the  track. 
After  assisting  in  getting  off  several  loads,  the  men 
who  had  been  sent  to  help  me  disappeared,  and  from 
the  last  two  cars  I,  without  assistance  from  any  one. 
lifted  every  man  into  the  wagons,  and  then  from  the 
wagons  to  the  building,  and  as  I  carried  the  last  one 
in,  the  first  red  streaks  of  morning  came  straggling 
in  through  the  cracks  of  the  barn-like  structure.  I 
sat  down  by  the  side  of  Smith,  leaned  my  head 
against  a  board  and  slept  for  just  an  hour.  To  de- 
scribe each  individual  case  in  that  room  as  I  found  it. 
would  fill  a  volume,  for  there  were  at  least   100  men 


252        FIFTEEXTII  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

either  suffering  from  woiinds  or  in  the  delirium  of 
fever.  Close  to  where  I  had  sat  down  lay  Kearney  of 
Co.  I,  badly  wounded  in  the  side,  but  when  I  awoke  he 
was  dead.  His  body  lay  there  until  after  noon,  when  I 
got  a  teamster  to  help  me  move  it  out  doors.  That  en- 
tire room  was  left  by  the  Confederate  surgeon  for  me 
to  attend  to,  and  I  went  to  work  dressing  the  wounds 
as  best  I  could.  I  gave  Major  Osborn  my  first  atten- 
tion. His  wound  I  did  not  regard  as  dangerous,  and 
after  dressing  it,  I  filled  his  big  pipe,  lit  it,  and  he 
puffed  away  on  it  cheerfully  as  could  be.  Next  to 
the  Major  lay  Lieut.  Bishop,  who  was  paralyzed  from 
his  shoulders  down.  In  dressing  his  wound  he  com- 
plained of  pain  on  the  opposite  side  from  where  the 
ball  entered,  and  making  an  examination,  I  found  the 
missile  just  under  the  skin.  I  called  a  surgeon,  who 
made  a  slight  incision,  and  removed  the  ball,  hand- 
ing it  to  Bishop.  Osborn  remarked,  "  Bish',  you  are 
better  than  ten  dead  men  now,"  whereat  both  smiled. 
Sometime  during  the  day  Col.  Tolles  and  several  of 
the  line  officers  came  under  a  guard,  and  were  per- 
mitted to  talk  a  little  while  with  the  sufferers.  I 
shook  hands  with  them  at  the  door,  and  promised  to 
do  all  in  my  power  to  relieve  the  suffering  of  the 
comrades,  and  I  sacredly  kept  this  promise.  Just  as 
they  disappeared  I  heard  guns  booming  away  to  the 
south,  and  I  knew  it  meant  wSchofield  was  coming. 

Among  the  wounded  was  Corporal  Allen  of  the 
17th  Mass.,  and  I  can't  resist  recording  this  incident: 
I  saw  a  Confederate  soldier  pull  a  $10  greenback, 
stained  with  blood,  from  his  pocket,  on  the  field  at 
Kinston.  The  poor  fellow  had  one  hip  badly  shat- 
tered, and  so  high  up  that  amputation  was  not  pos- 
sible. I  dressed  his  wound  as  well  as  I  could.  In 
the  afternoon  a  Confederate  surgeon  came  in  to  in- 
spect my  work.  Corporal  Allen  asked  him  to  look 
at  his  wound,  and  I  took  off  the  bandages.  "Well, 
doctor,  what  do  vou  think  of  mv  chances  ?"     "Young- 


DEFENSE  OF   THE   UNION.  253 

man,"  said  the  doctor,  "you  may  live  two  days,  not 
longer  at  the  most."  "  Well,"  replied  Allen,  -  I  am 
much  obliged.  I  wanted  the  truth."  I  did  up  the 
wound  again,  and  then  he  asked  if  I  would  fill  and 
light  my  pipe  for  him,  which  I  did.  He  puffed  a 
moment  on  the  pipe,  and  then  said,  "  Will  j-ou  write 
to  my  wife.  Amy  J.  Allen,  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  and 
say  to  her  I  died  a  soldier  ?— that's  all."  This  boy 
was  only  twenty-two  years  of  age,  but  as  ardent  with 
love  for  his  country  as  was  Nathan  Hale. 

During  the  forenoon  of  the  nth,  Burke  of  Co.  G 
died  from  lock-jaw  as  I  held  his  head  on  my  arm 
trying  to  pry  open  his  teeth,  to  force  some  brandy 
down  his  throat.  His  arm  had  been  amputated  at 
the  shoulder. 

The  weather  had  become  cold  and  there  was  not 
covering  enough  for  one-half  the  men,  and  one  of  the 
wounded  pulled  off  the  blanket  I  had  spread  over  poor 
Burke's  body  and  wrapped  it  around  himself.  Teams 
came  suddenly  with  orders  to  load  in  the  officers  and 
all  privates  able  to  be  moved.  I  found  the  surgeon 
and  implored  him  to  have  the  order  delayed,  but  it 
was  of  no  avail.  I  felt  sure  Gen.  Schofield's  force 
would  free  us  in  twent)^-four  hours  or  more  if  we 
remained  where  we  were.  Maj.  Osborn,  Lieut.  Bishop 
and  many  others  were  loaded  into  the  wagons  and  it 
was  my  last  farewell  to  them,  for  they  were  all  carried 
away  to  the  Salisbury  prison-pen.  Two  davs  later  I 
found  myself  in  the  little  Masonic  hall  at  High  Point, 
N.  C,  with  the  following  persons  all  badly  wounded: 
Lieut. -Col.  Bartholomew,  27th  Mass.:  Corp.  Shoals, 
same  regiment;  Sergt.  Snell,  17th  Mass.;  Sergt.  Smith, 
Co.  H;  Johnson,  Co.  E;  Privates  McDonald,  Co.  I  and 
Gavin,  Co.  C. 

A  Confederate  surgeon  informed  me  that  I  was 
expected  to  take  care  of  all  these,  and  that  he  would 
come  now  and  then  and  see  how  we  got  along.  Some 
of  the  wounded  required  attention  every  hour,  and 


254       FIFTEENTH   CONXECTIUUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

bandages  were  so  scarce  I  had  to  wash  them  out  and 
use  them  over  and  over  again.  I  worked  night  and 
day  at  my  task  until  March  25,  and  never  once  un- 
dressed or  lay  down  to  sleep;  all  the  rest  I  took  from 
March  Sth  to  the  25th  was  sitting  with  my  head 
against  the  wall  and  never  over  an  hour  at  a  time. 
The  only  light  I  had  at  night  was  composed  of  a  dish 
of  grease  with  a  rag  in  it  lighted.  On  the  night  of 
the  25th  of  March,  I  informed  the  doctor  that  I  was 
nearly  played  out  and  must  have  help.  Sergt.  Smith 
was  failing  fast  and  Johnson  of  Co.  E  had  suffered 
from  a  bad  hemorrhage  from  the  wound  in  his 
shoulder  and  in  consequence  was  very  weak.  About 
ten  o'clock  I  tried  to  rise  and  get  the  dish  of  water  to 
wet  the  bandages,  but  was  unable  to  do  so.  I  crawled 
to  the  fire-place,  lit  my  rag  and  worked  round  the 
room  on  my  hands  and  knees  and  attended  to  each 
wound.  Johnson  was  the  last,  and  as  I  tried  to  fix 
the  bandage  he  gave  a  scream  and  a  purple  stream 
shot  from  the  wound  in  the  shoulder,  deluging  the 
blankets.  I  gathered  what  strength  I  had  and 
wrapped  a  bandage  round  that  shoulder  as  tight  as  I 
could,  and  then  the  room  spun  with  me  like  a  top  and 
I  was  lost  in  darkness.  On  the  morning  of  April  nth 
I  woke  hearing  someone  pounding.  I  tried  to  think 
where  I  was  and  how  I  came  there.  I  made  an  effort 
to  raise  my  head,  it  would  not  move.  Then  I  heard  a 
kindly  voice  say:  "Give  him  a  spoonful  of  this  every 
half  hour.  He  will  live  or  die  to-day."  I  had  come 
back  to  life  and  knew  where  I  was.  I  was  in  the  ante- 
room of  the  hall  on  a  straw  bed.  I  spoke  and  Dr.  B. 
F.  Smallwood,  Confederate  that  he  was,  came  to  me 
and  said  in  a  gentle  tone,  "  keep  quiet,  you  have  been 
very  sick."  No  man  ever  more  tenderly  nursed  a 
brother  back  to  life  than  he  did  me.  He  sat  by  me 
for  hours  the  next  few  days,  and  his  wife  would  fre- 
quently take  his  place  in  watching  and  tenderly 
administering  medicine   and  nourishment   and  as   a 


DEFENSE    OF  THE   UNIOX.  255 

result,  in  a  week  I  could  talk  and  eat.  Smith  and 
Johnson  had  both  died,  but  all  the  rest  were  getting- 
on  nicely.  Shoals  and  Garvin  were  each  minus  a  leg-, 
but  managed  to  get  around  with  the  aid  of  some  im- 
provised crutches.  The  next  few  days  went  quicklv 
by,  for  the  people  came  in  to  see  us  and  seemed 
anxious  to  treat  us  kindly.  A  Confederate  brought 
Col.  Bartholomew's  sword  to  him,  which  was  taken 
at  Kinston. 

I  will  pass  over  the  time  which  intervened  until 
the  first  week  in  May  when  our  little  partv  arrived 
together  at  New  Berne.  Here  Col.  B.  met  his  wife 
"who  had  come  down  from  Massachusetts  to  find  his 
body.  At  this  point  we  separated,  and  from  that  day 
to  this  I  have  never  met  any  of  that  party.  I  was 
oflfered  then  three  months'  extra  pay  and  my  dis- 
charge, but  declined,  and  asked  to  be  sent  to  my  regi- 
ment at  Kinston,  and  May  7th  found  me  again  among 
the  boys  I  went  out  with,  and  whom  I  wanted  to  go 
home  with. 

If  these  hastily  written  sketches  shall  prove  of 
interest  to  some  old  comrade,  or  tend  to  deepen  a 
sense  of  true  patriotism  in  the  mind  of  any  reader, 
I  shall  feel  the  time  used  in  this  work  is  not  entirely 
lost.  I  recall  with  great  satisfaction  my  three  years' 
companionship  with  the  officers  and  men  of  the  15th 
C.  v.,  and  in  it  all  there  is  no  sting  of  malice  or  bit- 
terness, and  with  this,  comrades,  accept  my  salute. 

A    VISIT    TO    FREDERICKSBURG,    VA.,    IN     1892. 
[From  the  New  Haven /ourfi a/  atid  Courier,  August  25.] 

Following  is  the  first  installment  of  the  highly 
interesting  paper  read  at  the  reunion  of  the  old  15th 
C.  v.,  in  Milford  yesterday  by  Sheldon  B.  Thorpe  of 
North  Haven,  the  regiment's  historian. 

It  is  said  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Cooke,  a  celebrated 
Presbyterian    preacher,  when   upon   the   occasion   of 


256        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

the  dedication  of  a  small  church  in  the  country  he 
was  asked  to  suggest  a  suitable  inscription  to  be 
placed  over  the  main  door,  advised  the  use  of  these 
words:  "  This  is  not  a  barn." 

In  something-  of  the  same  spirit  I  think  I  may  pre- 
face what  I  shall  say  with  the  declaration:  This  is 
not  a  romance!  It  relates  to  the  plain,  matter-of-fact 
visit  which  Lieut.  S.  F.  Linsley  and  the  speaker  paid 
to  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  last  September. 

Wherever  else  the  15th  Conn,  may  have  marched, 
and  on  whatever  other  spots  pitched  its  tents — or 
staid  without  any— there  are  two  localities  which  be- 
long in  the  front  rank.  These  are  Fredericksburg  and 
Kinston.  We  shall  always  associate  these  towns 
where,  in  the  first  place,  we  weren't  gobbled  and 
might  have  been,  and,  in  the  second  case,  we  were 
gobbled  and  mightn't  have  been.  There  were  various 
other  points  of  dissimilarity,  but  as  it  is  Virginia  to- 
d^y,  instead  of  North  Carolina,  let  us  drop  the  latter 
and  turn  to  Fredericksburg. 

I  suppose  at  least  one-half,  perhaps  more  of  you, 
visited  Washington  last  vSeptember  and  saw  for  the 
first  time  since  December  i,  1862,  Arlington  heights 
and  the  adjacent  country.  Some  of  you  visited  our  old 
camp  ground — Camp  Chase.  It  looked  familiar 
(although  one  comrade  said  he  only  remembered 
where  the  "guardhouse"  stood).  As  we  wandered 
over  the  old  site  and  one  and  another  spoke  of  some 
incident  of  those  days,  I  noticed  that  some  of  the 
more  gray-headed  ones  became  strangely  quiet  and 
thoughtful.  Nearly  half  the  average  life  of  man  has 
passed  since  we  filed  into  that  field  that  hot  afternoon 
in  August,  T862.  Who  could  help  recalling  those 
days.  Their  experiences  were  new;  they  made  more 
forcible  impressions  than  many  perhaps  really  more 
significant,  which  came  later  in  our  career. 

Long  Bridge  looked  like  an  old  friend,  and  so  did 
the  "  guard-quarters  "  at  the  west  end,  where  we  spent 


DEFENSE   OF   THE   UNION.  ,57 

so  many  happy  (?)  days  and  nights.  Forts  Albany 
and  Jackson  had  disappeared,  it  is  true,  but  when  we 
were  told  that  their  heavy  earth  walls  had  been 
wrought  into  millions  of  brick  for  homes  for  the  peo- 
ple we  felt  consoled.  Truly  "  the  sword  had  gone  to 
be  a  ploughshare." 

Fort  Runyon,  with  its  fever-ridden  sentry  post, 
had  also  vanished  in  the  march  of  time,  and  there  was 
not  even  the  smell  of  commissary  whiskey  in  the  air 
where  it  once  stood.  But  men,  the  plain,  that  plain 
over  which  we  were  so  frequently  trotted  during  the 
hottest  days  of  the  fall,  on  battalion  or  brigade  drill, 
or  for  review,  la}^  there  serene  as  ever.  Oh,  yes  ! 
The  boys  knew  that  field.  They  could  point  out  the 
identical  spot  where  we  stood  the  afternoon  "  Augus- 
tus "  was  sent  for  "the  blue  book"  to  disentangle  us 
from  the  snarl  into  which  we  had  fallen,  and  also  that 
other  place  where  we  were  so  passionately  asked  by 

our  commander,   "Why  in the  battalion  didn't 

move." 

But  we  are  not  to  go  into  camp  this  afternoon  at 
this  place.     We  must  hurry  on  to  the  Rappahannock. 

Linsley  and  myself  did  not  move  toward  this  place 
over  the  same  cold,  stormy  route  through  "  My  Mary- 
land "  that  we  took  in  1862,  but  in  a  comfortable  car 
rattling  along  the  banks  of  the  Potomac,  until  a  sud- 
den curve  of  the  railroad  swung  us  away  from  the 
river  and  led  through  woods,  swamps  and  cuts,  a 
little  below  Falmouth.  We  wanted  to  go  via  Acquia 
Creek,  to  see  if  we  could  discover  the  axe  the  quarter- 
master lost  there,  or  Frank  Mosher's  ration  of  mo- 
lasses, but  could  not  find  the  time.  A  few  minutes 
later  and  we  were  crossing  the  railroad  bridge  built 
on  the  same  piers  we  saw  standing  naked  and  black- 
ened in  the  river  in  1862. 

We  passed  the  battered  old  mill  on  the  bank  with 
its  water-wheel  exposed  now  as  then,  and  were  landed 
at  the  depot  just  across  Carolina  street,  where  we  lay 

17 


258        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEEIiS. 

on  our  arms  (or  those  did  who  didn't  steal  beds  from 
the  houses)  the  first  night  we  crossed  into  the  city  in 
1862. 

No  time  was  wasted  in  getting  down  to  business, 
and  though  a  fine  rain  was  falling,  we  started  out. 
The  city  has  changed  but  little.  The  old  uneven 
sidewalks  have  not  been  graded,  the  streets  are  un- 
paved,  the  box  shrubbery  grows  in  the  front  3^ards, 
the  houses  are  dingy,  the  outbuildings  have  a  decrepit 
appearance.  Nobody  appeared  at  the  front  doors  to 
welcome  us  any  more  than  in  1862,  and  so  I  am  un- 
able to  state  whether  changes  have  been  going  on  in 
the  interiors  of  the  houses  or  not.  It  seems  reason- 
able to  conclude  that  some  of  the  citizens  must  have 
purchased  new"  furniture  at  least — or  else  gone  with- 
out any. 

We  saw  a  number  of  the  inhabitants,  but  none  of 
them  appeared  to  recognize  us.  We  did  learn,  how- 
ever, that  there  was  a  person  living  there  hopelessly 
insane,  who  was  made  so  at  the  time  of  our  first  visit, 
and  this  was  the  man  whom  Bill  Nichols  met.  It 
seems  that  Nichols,  in  common  with  one  or  two  others 
of  the  regiment,  had  entered  a  house  to  borrow^  a  fine 
tooth  comb.  Bill  was  rumaging  around,  so  the  story 
goes,  and  had  found  a  dozen  eggs,  when  suddenl)^ 
a  man  (the  owner)  appeared  before  him.  Nichols 
rushed  for  him,  caught  his  hand,  and  began  to  shake 
heartily.  "  Glad  to  see  you,"  says  Bill,  "  glad  to  see 
you.  Your  name  is  perfectly  familiar  to  me,  but  I 
can't  recall  your  face.  I  am  looking  for  a  hen  to  set 
these  eggs  under."  It  is  said  that  the  man  was  so 
overcome  by  Bill's  cheek  that  he  fled  out  of  that 
house  a  howling  idiot,  and  has  remained  so  ever 
since. 

The  gas  works  carry  on  business  at  the  old  site, 
and  the  vacant  lots  in  its  vicinity  indicate  very  little 
anxiety  to  build  upon  them.  It  is  certain  no  real 
estate  boom  has  yet  struck  that  quarter  of  the  city 


DEFENSE   OF   THE   UNION.  359 

m  which  we  were  temporarilj^  located.  The  narrow, 
sunken  road  that  led  from  the  west  end  of  the  pon- 
toon bridge  and  np  which  we  filed  into  the  city  had 
not  changed.  The  river  bank  where  we  lay  and 
"  cursed  "  the  Dutch  gunners  on  the  opposite  heights 
because  of  their  imperfect  ammunition,  was  as  natu- 
ral and  attractive  (?)  as  when  we  were  stretched  out 
upon  it.  The  heights  on  the  Union  side  showed  in 
many  places  where  the  cannon  were  planted  which 
hammered  the  city  so  relentlessly.  The  old  gunboat 
wreck  had  long  ago  made  some  junk  man  happv,  and 
the  river  rolled  along  swollen  and  yellow. 

We  looked  diligently  for  traces  of  the  "cracker 
boxes"  in  which  Companies  D  and  I  carried  sand  so 
carefully  upon  the  pontoon  bridge  the  night  we  re- 
treated, but  none  were  found.  We  thought  we  saw 
the  spot  where  Captain  Hubbard  stood  that  night 
when  he  told  Major  Crosb}^,  of  General  Wilcox's  staff, 
to  go  to  that  place  which  Chaplain  Miller  was  em- 
ployed to  keep  the  men  out  of,  but  it  may  be  we  were 
mistaken.  ' 

From  this  point  we  turned  to  the  rear  of  the  city, 
or  "towards  the  front,"  as  we  knew  it  in  1862.  Here 
we  were  not  so  certain  about  our  old  positions.  Con- 
siderable change  had  taken  place  in  the  lay-out  of 
the  fields,  and  unfamiliar  fences  confused  us.  We  suc- 
ceeded but  imperfectly  in  locating  the  meadows  over 
which  we  moved  in  line  of  battle  toward  the  evening 
of  the  13th,  or  the  low  bluff  behind  which  we  lay 
down  at  the  time  Adjutant  Brown  became  so  excited 
about  our  welfare.  A  comrade  from  Company  A 
located  the  right  of  the  regiment  as  resting  near  the 
railroad  bridge.  Assuming  such  was  the  case,  we 
saw  the  long  blue  line  stretching  well  down  the 
meadow,  and  half  of  it  (left  wing)  lying  more  or 
less  in  the  water  and  the  swamp. 

The  city  has  extended  in  small  measure  toward 
Marye's    Heights    and    along   the    Government    road 


2  6o       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

leading  to  the  National  cemetery.  This  road  is  a 
solid  bit  of  work,  though  lacking  in  width  to  make 
it  attractive.  It  leads  from  Carolina  street  up  to  the 
cemetery.  The  latter  enclosure  is  a  well  kept  place. 
On  its  eastern  slope  is  the  famous  "sunken  road." 
To  enter  this  burial  place  is  to  get  a  new  idea  of 
what  it  cost  to  cross  that  narrow  river,  and  but  for 
being  held  "  in  reserve  "  during  the  fight,  some  of  us 
might  be  sleeping  there  to-day. 

But  we  cannot  wait  longer  in  the  city  or  on  the 
field.  I  observe  many  of  you  are  impatient  to  cross 
to  the  east  bank  and  get  to  housekeeping  at  "  Camp 
Mud  "  once  more. 

Our  experiences  in  finding  the  choice  little  spot 
we  called  "home"  for  a  couple  of  months,  included  a 
personal  examination  of  a  large  part  of  all  the  terri- 
tory between  the  Potomac  and  Rappahannock  rivers, 
that  is,  it  seemed  so.  Starting  in  at  the  head  of  that 
ravine  down  which  we  marched  and  in  which  we 
halted  when  first  coming  under  fire  of  the  rebel  bat- 
teries, and  where  Thompson  was  killed,  we  strvick 
directly  back  into  the  country  along  a  road  we  felt 
sure  would  land  us  in  about  an  hour  (as  Linsley 
walks)  on  the  blissful  spot. 

But  it  didn't  do  anything  of  the  kind.  We  skir- 
mished up  every  hill,  and  poked  through  every  hol- 
low, but  the  camp  didn't  materialize.  We  reckoned 
we  had  "advanced  back"  at  least  four  miles  when 
the  highway  itself  suddenly  faded  out.  Clearly  then, 
we  were  on  no  road  to  Acquia  Creek.  We  inquired  at 
every  cabin  we  saw — scratched  our  backs  on  barbed 
wire  fences,  showed  our  legs  to  an  innumerable  num- 
ber of  dogs — but  with  no  results  except  to  confirm 
the  growing  impression  in  our  minds  that  two  fools 
had  got  lost  in  Virginia. 

It  was  at  length  told  us  at  one  of  the  miserable 
dwellings  on  the  way  that  on  the  road  toward  "  Belle 
Plain  "  we  would  find  an  elderly  man  who  lived  in  the 


DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION.  261 

vicinity  during  the  war.  This  "simon  pure"  native 
we  were  further  informed  would  be  found  digging  a 
grave.  This  last  bit  of  information  was  hopeful  to 
us,  and  perhaps  to  the  deceased  also,  in  whose  inter- 
ests the  grave  was  being  dug,  for  taking  into  con- 
sideration the  lonesomeness  of  the  country,  it  seemed 
to  our  Northern  eyes  as  if  anybody  would  be  far  hap- 
pier under  the  soil  than  he  could  possibly  be  on  it. 

We  launched  out  in  the  direction  indicated,  and 
after  half-an-hour's  further  survey,  found  our  man. 
He  was  busy  with  half  a  dozen  others  in  hollowing 
out  of  the  stony  ground  a  last  resting  place  for  a 
neighbor.  The  spot  was  under  a  clump  of  trees  in  a 
corner  of  a  pasture  on  a  hill.  We  did  not  see  the 
tenant  who  was  to  occupy  this  narrow  home.  She 
was  an  old  lady  who  lay  in  an  adjoining  dwelling, 
and  had  spent  her  long  life  within  a  few  rods  of 
where  she  was  soon  to  be  buried.  It  was  the  old,  old 
story  being  repeated,  and  as  I  saw  how  rude  and  poor 
the  people  seemed,  and  how  her  coffin  would  be,  quite 
likely,  home-made,  and  perhaps  no  clergyman  pres- 
ent (for  we  nowhere  saw  signs  of  a  church),  and  how 
barren  of  those  deft  little  touches  that  go  to  soften 
this  sad  service  in  New  England  would  be  that  rite,  I 
thought  the  boys  who  were  buried  in  their  blankets 
on  the  distant  heights,  after  all  had  the  best  of  it. 
Theirs  is  "  Fame's  eternal  camping  ground;  "  her's  is 
a  lonely,  neglected  fence  corner. 

We  discovered  in  our  informant  one  who  remem- 
bered somewhat  of  the  battle,  though  it  did  not  ap- 
pear he  was  as  greatly  interested  in  it  as  we  were. 
We  learned  our  course  was  set  too  far  south,  and  that 
the  portion  of  the  army  which  crossed  at  Acquia 
Creek  came  over  what  was  known  as  the  "  White  Oak 
Road."  This  thoroughfare  lay  from  one  to  two  miles 
farther  north.  Indicating  with  his  hand  in  a  general 
direction  a  patch  of  woods  on  a  distant  hill,  we  were 
told    to    ''git  by  thar,"  and   it   would   be    found.      It 


262        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 

proved  as  he  said.  After  half  an  hour  throti'^h 
swamps,  along-  hills,  over  fields  where  the  weeds 
stood  shoulder  high,  we  "  got  by  thar,"  and  came 
out  on  a  clean,  well  -  traveled  highway.  We  had 
struck  the  "  White  Oak  Road,"  sure,  but  whereabouts 
by  its  side  was  the  site  of  our  ancient  camp  was  as 
much  an  uncertainty  as  ever.  Every  foot  of  ground 
was  carefully  examined  for  a  long  distance,  and 
though  we  fancied  at  one  time  we  had  found  a  loca- 
tion which  answered  the  requirements,  still  there 
was  a  lingering  doubt  after  all,  whether  the  ground 
was  historic  for  us. 

It  was  full  of  associations  for  somebody,  as  every 
rod  of  it  showed  traces  of  camps,  and  many  a  lad  be- 
sides those  from  Connecticut  had  a  squatter's  lien  on 
that  soil.  Luckily  came  rattling  along  the  road  a 
gray-haired  old  fellow,  once  a  resident  of  New  Eng- 
land, whom  we  "held  up  "  for  information. 

"Do  you  remember  Burnside's  army  in  1862?" 

"Yes." 

"  Do  you  know  where  it  lay  ? " 

"Yes;  all  around  here." 

"Did  you  know  any  Connecticut  regiments?" 

"No." 

"  Do  you  know  where  the  pontoon  train  lay  the 
night  before  the  battle?" 

"  Yes." 

"Can  you  take  us  there?" 

"Yes;  get  in." 

Our  spirits  rose — that  is,  metaphorically — (Linsley 
won't  have  any  other.)  Both  felt  the  moment  our 
eyes  rested  on  the  slope  along  which  that  December 
afternoon  the  pontoons  were  gathered,  we  would  be 
saved.  And  so  it  proved.  A  ride  of  fifteen  minutes 
back  into  the  country  and  then  the  whole  picture 
flashed  upon  us.  The  woods,  the  plains,  the  hills,  the 
hollows,  were  again  peopled  with  armed  hosts;  their 
camp-fires  made  the  heavens  dim  and  their  drums  beat 


DEFENSE  OF    THE   UNION.  263 

the  old  familiar  "  calls."  Our  regiment  seemed  to  be 
passing  again  with  its  full  ranks  through  the  camps 
on  each  side  and  we  heard  the  hearty  welcomes : 
"Hurrah  for  the  15th  Conn.!"  "Glad  to  see  you, 
boys  !  "  "  Three  cheers  for  old  Connecticut !  "  and 
other  like  exclamations  which  then  made  every  man 
of  us  proud  that  he  had  come  from  the  old  nutmeg 
state. 

Let  me  turn  back  in  reality  to  that  day  and  recall 
an  actual  incident.  Of  the  thousands  who  greeted  us 
as  we  passed  along  to  the  front  I  remember  one  who 
expressed  his  surprise  at  our  appearance  somewhat 
differently  from  his  comrades,  at  least  he  was  more 
pointed  in  his  remarks,  for  slowly  steadying  himself 
on  a  pair  of  rather  treacherous  legs,  he  inquired  of 
the  speaker  with  great  astonishment,  "  What  part  of 
h did  you  fellers  come  from  ?  " 

As  it  was  no  time  to  teach  him  geography,  he  was 
left  in  ignorance. 

The  landscape  Linsley  and  myself  looked  up  re- 
called a  thousand  things.  None  of  you  could  revisit 
that  place  and  not  find  the  past  coming  up  as  a  flood. 
There  are  memories  stored  away  with  you  all  which 
only  need  a  word,  a  glimpse  to  resurrect  them. 

But  we  had  more  in  view  than  to  dwell  in  the  past, 
and  reluctantly  turned  our  backs  on  the  scene.  Some- 
thing like  a  mile  perhaps  beyond  where  the  pontoons 
lay,  we  found  at  last  the  object  of  our  search — "  Camp 
Mud."  There  was  no  mistake  about  the  spot.  It  lay 
there,  the  most  innocent  looking  piece  of  ground  you 
ever  saw,  dressed  up  as  a  corn  field  and  the  stalks 
bowing  and  waving  us  a  welcome.  From  right  to  left 
there  was  the  easy  slope— the  ravine  in  the  rear— the 
bluff  opposite  it  and  the  woods  beyond.  In  the  front 
was  the  same  large  field  where  we  did  battalion  drill 
and  had  dress  parades,  now  a  fine  and  well  kept 
meadow.  In  some  places  the  bushes  of  then,  were  the 
trees   of  now,  but  in   the  main,  the  contour  of   the 


264       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

country  had  but  little  changed  since  Burnside's  hosts 
tramped  over  its  face  and  burrowed  in  its  bosom.  No 
new  buildings  had  been  erected,  but  a  few  fences  here 
and  there  appeared  to  have  been  replaced.  Nature 
had  been  noiselessly  busy  thirty  years  healing  and 
softening  the  wounds  and  scars  men  made  in  as  many 
days.  To  the  stranger  there  was  nothing  to  indicate 
that  a  great  army  once  swarmed  there — that  it  crossed 
vonder  river — that  it  showed  bravery  on  those  heights 
that  no  Shiloh.  no  Lookout  mountain,  no  Gettysburg, 
no  field  anywhere  can  overtop — that  it  left  dead 
nearly  13,000  on  the  field — that  it  returned  here 
beaten,  baffled,  decimated,  lashed  by  the  storm  and 
chilled  by  the  wind,  yet  with  every  color  saved. 

The  evidences  of  our  occupation  had  not  entirely 
disappeared.  Old  cups,  pieces  of  canteens,  fragments 
of  kettles,  buckles,  iron  hoops,  bits  of  glass  (particu- 
larly in  Co.  C's  street),  rusty  nails,  and  other  memor- 
ials were  freely  scattered  abotit.  No  traces  of  the 
stockade  sides  of  our  cellars  could  be  discovered,  how- 
ever, as  was  the  case  at  a  camp  some  distance  back. 
Nor  did  we  see  anything  of  the  horses  some  of  our 
fellows  rode  after  we  returned  from  the  battle.  Lins- 
ley  was  of  the  opinion  that  samples  of  the  "hard- 
tack "  issued,  might  be  dug  up  still  whole  and  sound 
if  one  had  time  to  look  for  them,  and  he  unblushmgly 
declared  he  could  still  smell  in  the  air  the  odor  of 
that  cheese  the  sutler  had  for  sale  at  Christmas  time. 

Comrades,  pardon  this  rambling  account,  but  let 
me  add  in  closing,  that  neither  my  comrade  nor 
myself  regretted  as  we  left  that  camp-ground,  one 
moment  we  had  spent  or  one  step  we  had  taken  to 
find  it.  We  shall  never  see  it  again,  nor  Kinston,  nor 
Suffolk,  nor  New  Berne,  but  if  there  be  any  comrade 
here  who  has  any  longing  to  go  over  these  routes, 
and  stop  on  the  old  fields  again,  do  it,  do  it,  don't 
delay,  and  God  speed  you. 


CHAPTER    XV 


CATTALOGUK 

OF    THE 

Fifteenth  Infantry  Regiment 

CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 


Clustered,  into  United.  States  Sei-vice  Aug.  25,  1S62. 
Xlvistered  out  of  United.  States  Service  June  '2~,  1865. 


REPRINTED  FROM  THE  CON'XECTICUT  RECORD  OF  1889, 
WITH  ADDITIONAL  NOTES  TO  JANUARY  i,  1804. 


ABBREX 

Adj Adjutant. 

Ap. Appointed. 

Art ArtUlen,-. 

Batt Battalion. 

Cap Captured. 

Capt Captain. 

Co Company. 

Corp Corporal. 

Des Deserted. 

Dis Disability. 

Disc Discharged. 

Fur Furlough. 

Lt Lieutenant. 

Maj Major. 


M.  o.    Clustered  out. 

Muse Musician. 

Must Mustered. 

Par Paroled. 

Priv Private. 

Pro Promoted. 

Red Reduced. 

Reg Regiment. 

Resgd Resigned. 

Serg Sergeant. 

Trans Transferred. 

TT    c   (-    T     *  Tuited  States 

'  '      Colored  Infantry. 
U.  S.  N United  States  Xaxy. 

V.  R.C -j  Veteran 

'  Reserve  Corps. 

Wd Wounded. 


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CHAPTER   XVI. 

THE    NEW    BERNE    MONUMENT. 

The  followitig  illustration  represents  the  memo- 
rial about  to  be  erected  by  the  Regimental  Associa- 
tion in  the  National  Cemetery  at  New  Berne,  N.  C, 
in  honor  of  their  comrades  buried  in  that  enclosure. 
[See  26th  reunion,  page  173]. 

The  monument  is  of  Barre  granite.  Its  bottom 
base  is  five  feet  square  and  fifteen  inches  high;  the 
second  base,  three  feet  nine  inches  square  and  seven- 
teen inches  high;  while  the  die  is  three  feet  square  and 
five  feet  six  inches  high.  Total  height  of  monument 
a  little  more  than  eight  feet.  The  design  was  adopted 
at  a  largely  attended  mid-winter  meeting  of  the  Asso- 
ciation, held  in  Meriden,  and  the  construction  of  the 
work  was  awarded  to  the  New  England  Granite  Co., 
under  the  supervision  of  the  Quartermaster-General 
of  the  State. 

This  memorial  fitly  tells  its  purpose  at  a  glance. 
In  addition  to  the  designs  and  inscription  appears 
the  following  legend  upon  the  face: 

To  THE  Men 

Who  Died  of  Yellow  Fever 

IN   1864, 

And  Those  Who  Fell  in  Action 

BEFORE    KiNSTON, 

March  8,  1865. 

Here  follows  a  list  of  those  still  sleeping  in  New 
Berne  cemetery,*  and  in  whose  honor  the  regiment 


*  A  few  bodies  were  removed  North  at  the  close  of  the  war.  The  names  <>f  such 
do  not  appear,  but  may  be  found  on  pages  77-78.  It  is  not  known  at  this  writing 
that  those  buried  on  the  field  at  Kinston  have  ever  been  iiiDVcd. 


'  l\ 


S?  CQHN.VQLS. 


»  .'..  '  :f. 


I5Til    CONN.    MONUMENT,    NEW    liKKNE,    N.    C. 


THE  DEFENSE  OF  THE    UNIOX. 

raises  this  memorial.  Strictly  speaking-,  not  all  can 
be  said  to  have  died  of  yellow  fever,  but  of  the  vari- 
ous diseases  of  camp  and  hospital. 


Brown,  Charles  C. 
Redfield,  Willis, 


co:mpaxy  a. 


Uhl,  William  * 
Williams,  Robert  O.- 


COMPANY  B. 


Burwell,  J.  Henry, 
Crandall,  Dudley  W., 
Culver,  Henry, 
Hawley,  Edmond  J., 

Belhvood,  Theodore, 
Bracken,  Timothy, 
Deane,  George, 
Johnson,  Edward, 
Reynolds,  Garrett  H. 


Andrews,  Sidney  ]\I., 
Baker,  John, 
Curtiss,  Henry  L., 
Devine.  Patrick, 
Hammond,  Joseph, 
Healej-,  Thomas, 

Baldwin,  Chauncey  S. 
Bosart,  Pedro, 
Boyle,  Charles  A., 
Goulding,  John, 


Baker,  James  R., 
Beach,  Lyman  A. , 
Carpenter,  Franklin  S., 
Cook,  Alvah  J., 
Crowley,  Daniel, 


Miller,  Christian, 
Reynolds,  Elliott, 
Smith,  Cornelius  R. — 7. 


COMPANY  C. 


Reynolds,  John, 
Sperry,  Henry  E., 
Striby,  Amos, 
Sturgess,  Joseph  A.— 9. 


COMPANY  D. 


Lines,  James  R., 
Ongermach,  John, 
Petto,  Rotheus, 
Story,  John  O., 
AVade,  Charles  T.— 11 


COMPANY  E. 


Hull.  Ellsworth  H., 
Hansen,  Conrad, 
Parsons,  Prescott  M.. 
White,  Samuel  U.— S. 


COMPANY  F. 


Forde,  John, 
Hull,  Sylvanus  A., 
Kenney,  Alvin, 
Robinson,  George  E., 
Rancorn,  Joseph— jo. 


*  Died  from  wounds  received  at  the  battle  of  Kinston,  N.  C. 


S54- 


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l:^    iifi^-r    aatt.  lEC    iMwi   ~rn=- 


^  -         -     --     : — --    S^    -^- 


-^6        FIFTEENTH  CONNEUTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

party  firmly  to  the  support  of  the  administration  at  Washington, 
in  its  eiTorts  to  preserve  the  Union. 

•  Commissioned  by  Gov.  Buckingham  as  Lieutenant-Colonel  of 
the  14th  Conn.,  in  the  summer  of  [862,  he  was  promoted  within  a 
few  weeks  to  the  command  of  the  15th  Conn.,  in  which  capacity 
he  led  this  regiment  until  his  resignation  in  1863.  In  Chapter 
XIV  will  be  found  a  reference  to  the  circumstances  which  chanced 
to  deny  him  the  General's  star.  Upon  his  return  to  civil  pursuits 
he  was  appointed  commissioner  on  the  board  of  enrollment  for  the 
Second  Congressional  District,  and  also  in  the  same  year  he  was 
again  elected  to  the  General  Assembly.  Shortly  after  he  removed 
his  practice  to  New  Haven  where  the  same  personal  characteris- 
tics which  had  brought  him  to  the  front  in  Meriden,  made  him  the 
recipient  of  nearlv  all  the  political  honors  that  the  city  of  New 
Haven  cfiuld  bestow. 

Col.  "Wright  afterwards  served  the  state  again  as  member  of 
the  General  Assembly  m  18S2,  when  he  was  elected  speaker,  serv- 
ing as  such  in  the  first  session  in  the  new  capitol  at  Hartford.  He 
died  in  18S6  at  New  Haven  in  the  66th  year  of  his  age. 

Col.  Wright  married  Maria  H.  Phelps,  of  Windsor,  Conn.,  in 
February,  1848.  Six  children  were  born  to  them,  of  whom  four 
survive.  It  is  by  the  courtesy  of  his  son,  Arthur  B.  Wright,  a 
lawyer  in  New  York  City,  that  his  portrait  and  this  biography  is 
furnished. 


COL.    CHARLES    L.    UPHAM, 
15TH  Conn.  Vols. 

(See  Portrait,  page  90). 

Charles  L.  Upham  is  by  birth  a  Green  Mountain  boy,  and  was 
born  in  Townshend,  Vt.,  May  24,  1839.  At  the  commencement  of 
the  Rebellion  he  was  living  in  Meriden,  Conn,,  and  enlisted  as  a 
private  in  Co.  B,  3d  Conn.  Vols,  April  25,  1861.  He  was  chosen 
ist  Sergeant  of  his  company,  and  as  such  served  the  three  months' 
term,  being  mustered  out  August  12,  1861. 

The  8th  Conn,  was  already  in  contemplation  by  Gov.  Bucking- 
ham when  the  3d  Conn,  arrived  home,  and  Sergt.  Upham  soon 
opened  a  recruiting  office  for  it.  He  received  a  commission  as 
Captain  of  Co.  K,  September  18,  1S61,  and  in  October  went  to  the 
front  with  his  command.  For  excellency  in  soldierly  conduct  in 
general,  and  for  special  gallantry  at  the  battles  of  Antietam  and 
Fredericksburg,  Capt.  Upham  was  promoted  to  be  Major  of  his 
regiment,  December  23,  1S62,  and  Lieutenant-Colonel,  March  9, 
1S63.     He  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  New  Berne,  N.  C,  March 


THE  DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION. 

14,  1S62,  and  was  also  temporarily  placed  in  command  of  the  i6th 
Conn  after  the  battle  of  Antietam  and  until  the  engagement  at 
Fredericksburg. 

His  last  promotion  was  to  the  Colonelcy  of  the  15th  Conn.. 
April  18,  1863.  This  was  during  the  memorable  siege  of  Suffolk' 
Va.,  and  his  coming  gave  brilliancy  and  prestige  to  the  regiment! 
Col.  Upham  was  every  inch  a  soldier  and  a  fighter.  Had  hi.s 
brigade  been  properly  supported  at  Kinston,  no  such  disaster 
would  have  overtaken  our  forces  as  Gen.  Carter  was  alone  respon- 
sible for. 

With  the  muster  out  of  his  regiment  in  1S65.  Col.  Upham 
returned  to  Meriden,  and  later  in  that  year  organized  the  dry 
goods  business  house  of  Ives,  Upham  &  Rand,  one  of  the  most 
successful  institutions  of  Meriden  to-day. 

Col  Upham  has  been  twice  married,  first  to  Emily  L.  Clark, 
who  died  in  1864,  and  second  to  Elizabeth  L.  Hall.  He  was 
elected  Mayor  of  Meriden,  1872-3,  and  has  received  other  proofs 
of  cijnfidence  and  esteem  fi-om  his  fellow-citizens. 


COLONEL  vSAMUEL  TOLLES. 

(See  Portrait,   page  iS). 

Samuel  Tolles  was  born  in  West  Haven,  Conn.,  1S17.  When 
quite  a  young  man  he  entered  the  employ  of  Benjamin  W.  Stone, 
a  prominent  tailor  of  New  Haven,  and  learned  that  trade.  Shortly 
after,  he  set  up  business  for  himself  in  the  old  Franklin  building 
on  Church  street,  where  the  Hoadley  block  now  stands,  and 
r€;mained  there  until  his  enlistment  in  1862.  His  long  connection 
as  an  officer  and  worker  with  that  superb  military  organization 
the  New  Haven  Grays,  peculiarly  fitted  him  for  the  position 
offered  by  Gov.  Buckingham,  in  the  15th  Conn.  Col.  Tolles  was 
not  the  handsome,  dashing,  electrifying  field  officer  that  novelists 
and  historians  hold  up  as  saviors  of  countries  and  kingdoms, 
but  rather  of  an  undemonstrative  nature,  cool,  self-possessed,  fear- 
less and  humane. 

Upon  muster  out  of  service  with  his  regiment  in  iSi>s.  he 
resumed  his  old  pursuit,  continuing  for  twenty  years,  or  until 
1S85,  when  he  retired  from  business  to  accept  an  appointment  in 
the  New  Haven  custom  house. 

Col.  Tolles  was  well  known  as  an  Odd  Fellow  tlimugiiout  the 
state,  being  at  one  time  Grand  Master.  He  was  also  a  member 
of  Wooster  Lodge  F.  and  A.  M.     Hi-  .lie- 1  Januiny  ij.  iSS.). 


338       FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT    VOLUNTEERS. 


MAJOR   ELI   WALTER    OSBORN. 

(See  Portrait,  page  44). 

Eli  Walter  Osborn  was  born  in  New  Haven,  July  27,  1834.  His 
parents  were  Walter  Osborn — ^formerly  an  officer  of  the  New 
Haven  Grays— and  Mary  Jane  Remer.  His  remote  ancestor  was 
Jeremiah  Osborn,  one  of  the  original  grantees  of  the  town  of 
New  Haven. 

Like  nearly  all  of  the  young  men  of  his  time,  he  was  educated 
at  the  Lancasterian  School,  which  he  attended  until  the  summer 
of  1849,  when  his  parents,  with  their  young  family,  removed  to 
Milwaukee,  Wis.  This  region  was  then  in  an  undeveloped  state, 
and  in  a  condition  to  at  once  attract  and  develop  the  active  and 
adventurous  disposition  of  the  boy.  Nothing  appealed  to  him  as 
did  the  wild  condition  about  him  in  the  suburbs  of  Milwaukee. 
When  not  in  school,  to  wander  in  the  woods  and  encamp  there, 
was  a  source  of  unlimited  pleasure  to  him. 

In  the  spring  of  1S53  the  family  returned  to  New  Haven,  when 
young  Osborn  began  his  business  life  with  his  father  and  uncle, 
the  late  Edward  T.  Stanley,  in  the  retail  coal  trade  upon  Long- 
Wharf.  In  1855  he  joined  the  Grays  and  was  ever  afterwards  a  most 
enthusiastic  soldier.  This  branch  of  his  life  was  very  real  and 
important  to  him,  and  he  became  an  ardent  student  of  tactics.  He 
was  soon  a  warrant  officer  and  the  most  rigorous  of  drill-masters. 
A  musket  in  his  hands  would  rattle  and  move  as  though  he  had 
imparted  his  energy  to  it.  The  recruits  who  fell  into  his  hands 
felt  they  were  not  playing  at  soldiering;  it  was  work  for  them. 
Many  a  member  of  the  Grays  who  afterwards  became  a  trusted 
■officer  in  Connecticut's  regiments,  acknowledged  the  benefits  of 
liis  instruction.  His  book  of  tactics  was  the  most  important  vol- 
ume in  his  library.  In  target  practice  he  was  a  prime  shot.  In 
those  days  the  guns  were  loaded  in  the  field  from  an  open  keg  of 
powder,  by  the  company  armorer,  who  at  that  time  was  the  well- 
known  humorist.  Bill  Bishop.  He  it  was  who  reprimanded  the 
members  for  coming  too  near  the  latently  quiet  little  barrel  with 
their  lighted  cigars,  saying:  "Boys,  you  must  keep  away  from 
here  with  those  cigars, — this  powder  has  been  afire  now  two  or 
three  times." 

When  the  llrst  thrill  of  war  was  felt,  he  was  Captain  of  the 
Grays,  and  though  he  seemed  to  feel  in  every  nerve  the  reality  of 
the  step,  was  among  the  most  zealous  to  urge  the  acceptance  by 
the  State  of  the  company's  services.  Many  a  New  Havener  will 
remember  the  fine  appearance  of  the  Grays,  as  with  ranks  stretch- 
ing from  curb  to  curb,  they  gave  a  company  parade  before  their 


THE  DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION. 

embarkation  to  the  front  with  the  2d  Regiment  That  line  of 
serious  young  faces  is  imprinted  on  many  a  memory. 

On  the  return  of  the  Grays  from  the  three  months'  campaign. 
Capt.  Osborn  at  once  proceeded  to  assist  in  the  organization  of  the 
15th  Conn.  His  short  campaign  had  only  developed  his  ardor  as 
a  soldier  and  patriot;  thenceforth  he  was  in  the  war  for  its  dura- 
tion, or  for  his  life.  His  furloughs  home  were  very  brief.  His 
place  was  at  the  front,  and  all  his  enthusiasm  enlisted  that  the 
15th  should  do  its  whole  duty. 

It  was  a  sad  day  in  New  Haven  when  his  regiment  returned 
after  the  action  at  Kinston,  N.  C,  without  their  Major.  But  it 
was  reported  that  the  wound  he  had  received  there  would  quicklv 
heal,  and  he  would  soon  be  home  again.  It  was  a  false  hope.  The 
wound  resulted  in  blood  poisoning,  aijd  on  April  6,  1865.  he  died, 
attended  by  Private  Tate,  of  the  15th,  at  Danville,  Virginia. 
Doubtless  the  chaotic  condition  within  the  Confederacy  at  that 
time,  prevented  the  care  he  might  otherwise  have  received.  His 
remains  lie  in  the  family  lot  in  the  Grove  street  cemetery. 


ADJUTANT  PHILIP  C.   RAND. 

(See  Portrait,  page  io8). 

First  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant  Philip  C.  Rand  was  born  in 
Middletown,  Conn.,  August  24th,  1841.  At  the  breaking  out  of 
the  war,  he  was  in  the  emjjloy  of  a  mercantile  house  at  Meriden, 
Conn.  When  the  15th  Regiment  was  organized,  he  enlisted  in 
Capt.  Julius  Bassett's  Co.  A,  and  went  to  the  front  as  its  Orderly 
Sergeant.  He  Avas  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Second  Lieutenant, 
May  i8th,  1863,  and  to  that  of  First  Lieutenant,  November  20th, 
1864.  Was  mustered  out  with  his  regiment  at  the  close  of  the  war. 
As  Adjutant,  he  was  a  model  officer,  faithful  in  the  performance 
of  duty,  brave  in  action,  always  a  gentleman.  In  the  fall  of  1S65, 
the  mercantile  house  of  Ives,  LTphani  &  Rand  was  organized  in 
Meriden,  of  which  he  is  a  member,  and  where  he  now  resides. 


DR.   EDWARD  O.  COWLES, 
First  Assistant  Surgeon. 

(See  Portrait,  page  54). 

Edward  O.  Cowles  was  born  in  North  Woodstock,  Conn.. 
December  22,  1834.  He  came  to  North  Haven  with  his  father's 
family  about  1837.     He  early  evinced  an  interest  in  medical  studies 


-  J.C        FLFTEEXTH  COXXECTRTT   VOL  UyTEER.i. 

(his  grandiaiiier.  Dr.  Tosepb  Foote,  being  one  of  the  leading  phy- 
sicians of  Ms  dav)  and  entered  Yale  College  in  1S52.  He  was  gradu- 
ated in  the  class  01  1556,  and  entered  the  medical  school  in  iSsg. 
Here  he  received  a  three  years'  conrse,  ending  just  previous  to  the 
raTI  for  the  "  Lvon  Regiment-"  His  brother  Henry  had  been  in 
the  armv  since  Mav,  i56i.  and  he  resolved  to  offer  his  services  also 
to  his  conntrv.  He  proved  a  most  valuable  assistant  to  Dr. 
H  "-:-:<mb.  and  during  the  trying  days  at  Xe\r  Berne,  1S64, 
-,-.,-  :^e  aamiration  of  all  his  comrades,  by  his  pluck  and  skill  in 
orappling  with  the  deadly  fever  there.  He  is  a  practicing  phy- 
sician in  Xe^r  \  c^k  C:ty. 


THE  REV.  D.  HENRY  MILLER. 

CH-APLAIX. 
(See  Pottrait,  p^e  60). 

Rev.  D.  Henr>-  Miller.  D.  D.,  was  bom  in  the  Isle  of  Jersey, 
Oct.  31.  1S27.  His  mother  was  bom  in  Charlestown,  Mass.,  and 
was  the  daughter  of  one  of  the  heroes  of  Bunker  HflL  His  father 
was  a  native  of  England-  On  the  death  of  his  father  at  Jerse\-, 
where  his  parents  had  located  in  search  of  health,  Mrs.  Miller 
returned  ro  Boston  where  her  son  received  his  first  training.  He 
was  for  vears  a  siudent  in  the  Hanover  Street  Classical  Institute. 
In  154=  he  was  graduated  from  the  Wesles-an  Institution.  Soon 
after  his  graduation  he  embraced  the  views  of  the  Baptists  and 
was  licensed  to  preach  by  the  Stanton  Street  Baptist  Church  in 
New  York. 

In  1547  he  was  ordained  pastor  of  the  Third  Baptist  Church,  in 

North  Stonington,  Conn.     In  1849,  he  organized  a  church  of  seven 

me-nberi  under  a-  old  elm  tree  in  Yohkers,  X.  Y.,  where  he 

re-r-a-r:e<  "---'".  1^57.  ha%-ing  built  up  a  membership  of  one  hundred 

rred  a  large  congregation  and  erected  an  elegant 

in  lefS.  he  received  the  degree  of  A.  31.  from  Madison  L'ni- 
versity.  In  1537,  he  settled  in  Meriden,  Conn,,  over  the  Broad 
Street  Church,  remaining  until  1S62,  when  he  was  commi^oned 
as  Chaplain  of  the  15th  Regiment,  Conn-  Vols.  After  two  years 
of  sen-ice  in  the  neld-  be  settled  as  pastor  of  the  large  and  flour- 
.:  First  Baptist  Church,  of  Trenton,  X.  J.  During  this  pas- 
he  recseived  to  the  fellowship  of  the  church  two  hundred  and 

ed  the  degree  of  D.  D,, 

07,  he  accepted  the  pa.s- 

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-44        FIFTEEXTH  COyXECrirUT   VOLUXTEERS. 

olutions  relative  to  late  Companion  Captain  Theodore  Rich  Davis, 
U.  S.  V.  (Insignia  No.  2266),  who  died  at  Brookl\Ti,  X.  Y.,  Janu- 
ary 12.  1890,  aged  50  years. 

The  Committee  appointed  to  draft  resolutions  relative  to  the 
death  of  Captain  Theodore  Rich  Davis,  U.  S.  V.,  respectfully  sub- 
mit the  following: 

Report. 

Companion  Theodore  Rich  Davis  was  bom  at 'New  Haven, 
Conn.,  on  the  22d  day  of  May,  1S39,  and  died  on  the  12th  day  of 
January-,  1S90,  at  his  residence.  No.  43  McDonough  St.,  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y..  lea\'ing  a  family  consisting  of  a  wife  and  two  daughters. 

Companion  Davis  was  elected  to  membership  in  the  Military- 
Order  of  the  Loval  Legion,  as  a  member  of  the  First  Class,  on  the 
4th  day  of  January,  1SS2  (Insignia  2266). 

Companion  Davis  was  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United 
States  on  the  25th  day  of  August,  1S62,  as  captain  of  Co.  B,  15th 
Regiment  of  Infantry,  Connecticut  Volunteers,  and  subsequently- 
served  in  the  gth,  iSth  and  23d  Army  Corps,  and  participated  with 
his  regiment  in  the  following  engagements:  Fredericksburg, 
December  13th,  1862;  Providence  Church  Road,  May  3d,  1863; 
Siege  of  Suffolk,  April  12th,  1863;  Edenton  Road,  April  24th,  1863; 
Kinston,  March  Sth,  1S65.  He  was  captured  March  8th,  1S65,  and 
confined  in  Libbv  Prison,  Virginia,  exchanged  April  22d,  1S65,  and 
mustered  out  of  ser\-ice  June  27th,  1S65. 

His  character  and  services  as  an  officer  and  soldier  are  described 
in  the  following  letter  received  from  Col.  Geo.  M.  White,  Assistant 
Adjutant-General  of  the  State  of  Connecticut,  late  captain  of  the 
15th  Connecticut  Volunteers: 

"  Capt.  Davis  deservedly  held  a  very^  high  place  in  the  afliection 
and  esteem  of  the  members  of  his  regiment;  officers  and  men 
alike  respecting  him  from  first  acquaintance,  for  the  frank  manli- 
ness of  his  nature,  the  courteous  and  generous  impulses  which 
aUvays  marked  his  bearing  towards  his  associates;  and,  above  all, 
for  the  unfailing  fidelity  and  cheerfulness  with  which  he  per- 
formed, fully  and  to  the  letter,  each  and  every"  duty  assigned  him. 

Brave  as  the  bravest  wherever  bravery  was  called  for,  he  had 
all  the  tenderness  of  a  woman  for  a  comrade  in  distress. 

His  comrades  will  never  forget  the  utter  disregard  of  self  with 
which  he  daily-  visited  the  bedsides  of  his  men  and  his  fellow 
officers,  who  were  stricken  with  yellow  fever  during  the  prevalence 
of  that  fearful  scourge  at  New  Berne,  N.  C,  in  1864;  nor  the  equal 
faithfulness  with  which  he  personally-  ministered  to  the  sick  and 
helpless  citizens  of  the  town  whom  their  nearest  friends  had 
deserted  in  terror. 


THE  DEFEXSE  OF  THE   Uyp- V 

It  was  my  fortune  to  be  with  Capt.  Da\-is  di:r.ng  sis  nrst  two 
days  and  nights  as  a  prisoner  of  war,  and  when  our  Major  and 
Adjutant,  both  mortally  woimded  and  helpless,  were  about  to  be 
left  to  die  on  the  ground  while  we  were  hurried  away  under  guard. 

The  bold  persistence  with  which  Capt.  Davis  demanded,  in  the 
name  of  hiunanity,  that  we  be  allowed  to  remain  with  our  dving 
comrades  until  they  might  be  placed  under  shelter  and  care,  finally 
secured  for  him  and  myself  a  verbal  parole  to  stay  by  them  until 
we  might  see  them  lodged  in  a  hospital,  or  at  least  in  the  hands  of 
a  surgeon. 

Xot  until  they  were  ha\-ing  the  best  care  the  Confederacv  could 
give  them  in  the  Fair  Ground  Hospital  at  Goldsboro,  did  he  con- 
sent to  leave  them  and  take  up  his  line  of  march  for  Richmond 
and  Libb}-  Prison. 

This  was  but  a  characteristic  example  of  the  fearless  but  courte- 
ous determination  with  which,  as  a  man  and  an  officer,  Capt.  Da\-is 
was  always  ready  to  meet  an  emergency,  regardless  of  self  and 
with  no  thought  but  of  duty. 

While  a  member  of  the  15th  Regiment  survives,  Capt.  Da\-is 
will  be  remembered  with  the  warmest  feelings  of  regard.  He  was 
a  brave  soldier,  a  genial  comrade,  and  a  nobleman,  if  this  Repub- 
lic ever  had  one. " 

This  Committee  would  respectfully  submit  the  following  reso- 
lutions: 

Resohied.  That  this  Commandery  has  learned  of  the  death  of 
our  late  companion,  Theodore  R.  Da%ns,  with  feelings  of  profound 
sorrow  and  regret. 

Resolved,  That  in  the  death  of  our  late  companion,  this  Com- 
manderv"  has  lost  a  noble,  genial  comrade  and  friend,  and  the 
nation  an  tmsellish  and  lo\-al  citizen  and  defender. 

Resolved,  That  the  Commandery  tender  to  the  family  of  our 
late  companion,  Theodore  R.  Davis,  our  earnest  sympathy. 

Resolved.  That  this  report  be  made  a  part  of  the  records  of 
this  Commander}-,  and  that  a  copy  of  the  same  be  sent  to  Mrs. 
Da\-is. 

rO:Sciail  Geo.  DeForest  Bakt-v 

R. 


CAPT.  GEORGE   M.  WHITE. 

COMF.\NY    E. 
(See  Portrait,  page  to;). 

George  M.  WTiite  was  born  in  old  Windham  Co.,  Conn.  At 
thirteen  years  of  age  he  left  his  home  to  shift  for  himself  and  after 
trpng  various  pursuits  at  length  found  himself  teaching  a  count r>- 


346        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

district  school  in  Litchfield  County.  There  he  remained  two  sea- 
sons with  the  result  that  he  acquired  such  a  desire  for  a  better 
education  as  to  lead  him  to  enter  Gen.  Russell's  Institute,  in  New 
Haven,  in  1S59,  with  the  intention  to  fit  himself  to  enter  Yale  Col- 
lege. The  militar}^  tactics  taught  at  the  institute  caught  young 
White's  fancy,  and  in  an  incredibly  short  time  he  mastered  all  the 
details.  When  the  call  to  arms  rang  through  the  North,  and  the 
First  Conn.  Regiment  was  being  organized.  White  was  sent  down 
to  its  camp  for  a  few  days  as  a  drill  master.  His  service  there 
was  so  marked  that  Col.  Tyler  offered  him  a  lieutenancy  in  its 
color  company,  and  though  this  was  but  a  couple  of  hours  before 
the  regiment  was  to  leave  for  the  front,  White  accepted  and 
acquitted  himself  with  distinction. 

At  the  expiration  of  the  three  months'  service  of  this  command 
he  entered  Russell's  school  again,  and  remained  until  the  Lyon 
regiment  was  called  for  in  1862.  His  class  was  about  to  enter 
college,  but  White  threw  down  his  books,  opened  a  recruiting 
office  and  presently  received  a  commission  as  captain  of  the  fifth 
company  in  that  organization.  In  1864  he  was  offered  the  col- 
onelcy of  the  loth  Conn.,  but  declined  the  honor.  His  record  in 
the  15th  Conn,  speaks  for  itself.  At  the  close  of  the  war  Capt. 
White  was  chosen  Chief  of  Police  of  New  Haven,  a  position  which 
he  filled  with  great  ability,  resigning  eventually  to  accept  a  lucra- 
tive office  in  a  gold  mining  company  situated  in  North  Carolina. 
Reverses  overtook  this  concern  during  the  "  Ku-Klux "  excite- 
ment, and  Capt.  White  returned  to  Connecticut.  For  a  few  years 
he  filled  various  positions  of  trust,  always  with  credit,  and  finally 
was  appointed  Assistant  Adjutant-General  of  the  state  in  1SS5.  It 
was  during  his  incumbency  of  the  latter  office  that  he  built  for 
himself  (aside  from  his  military  record)  his  monument  The  two 
volumes  "Record  of  Connecticut  men  in  the  War  of  the  Revo- 
lution," and  "  Record  of  Connecticut  Men  in  the  AVar  of  the 
Rebellion,"  stand  to-day  as  master-pieces  of  research,  careful- 
ness, and  infinite  patience,  reared  mainly  by  his  unremitting  zeal 
and  attention.  Capt.  White  was  always  aAvelcome  speaker  in  any 
assemblage.  By  his  comrades  he  was  universally  beloved,  and 
possessed  the  rare  secret  of  being  firm  in  his  opinions  without 
giving  offense.  Among  all  his  cares  and  engrossments  he  found 
time  for  the  extended  reading  of  choice  authors  and  was  himself 
an  easy  and  fluent  writer.  A  volume  of  verse  published  after  his 
decease  attained  a  wide  circulation  in  Connecticut.  The  limits 
of  this  volume  forbid  much  that  ought  to  be  said  of  him.  He 
died  December  23,  1891. 

"  Sans  pntr.  ct  sans  rcprorhr." 


THE  DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION. 


547 


LIEUT.   HEBER  S.   IVES, 
Company  E. 

(See  Portrait,  page  i8o). 

Heber  S.  Ives  was  born  in  Meriden,  Conn.,  May  lo,  1S45.  Ilis 
father  was  a  prosperous  farmer  in  the  "  southeast  district,"  and 
Heber  lived  at  home  until  he  enlisted  in  Co.  K,  8th  Regiment,  as 
private  under  Capt.  Upham  (afterwards  Colonel)  in  September, 
1S61.  He  served  with  that  regiment  until  November,  1S64,  when 
he  was  promoted  to  the  lieutenancy  of  Co.  E,  15th  C.  V.,  and  was 
captured  March  8th,  1865,  at  Kinston,  N.  C.  He  was  paroled  after 
three  weeks' taste  of  "  Libby,"  and  rejoining  his  regiment,  was 
made  acting  captain  until  discharged  in  June,  1865.  Since  the  war 
Mr.  Ives  has  lived  in  Plantsville,  Conn.*  In  May,  i86g,  he  was 
appointed  postmaster,  and  has  held  that  position  continuously 
since,  with  the  exception  of  the  four  years  of  Cleveland's  first 
term.     His  present  commission  expires  January,  iS()5. 


CAPT.    REUBEN   WATERMAN, 
Company   F. 

(See  Portrait,  page  64). 

Capt.  Waterman  was  born  in  Limerick,  Maine,  in  1S26.  Mar 
ried  Isabella  Hanson,  of  that  town,  in  1S46,  and  in  184S  moved  to 
Connecticut. 

He  enlisted  from  Jleriden,  Conn.,  August  5,  1S62,  and  was 
mustered  out  of  service  June  27,  1865.  Since  then  he  has  been 
engaged  in  business  with  the  Meriden  Cutlery  Co.,  in  that  city. 
His  residence  is  at  South  Meriden,  Conn. 


LIEUT.    WILLIAM   W.    THOMPSON, 
Company   F. 

(See  Po'tiait,  page  174). 

William  Wallace  Thompson  was  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  V.. 
March  15,  1S39.  At  fifteen  years  of  age  he  went  alone  to  Califor- 
nia, where  he  worked  in  the  mines  two  years  and  accunnilated 
quite  a  little  gold.  On  his  way  home  he  was  wrecked  and  lost  all 
he  had.     He  reached  Hartford,  where  he  found  employment  for  a 

*  Lieut.  Ives  died  May,  1S04. 


348        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT    VOLUNTEERS. 

couple  of  years,  or  until  he  removed  to  Meriden.  Conn.  When 
Abraham  Lincoln  called  for  three  months  volunteers,  he  enlisted 
in  Co.  B,  3d  Conn.  Volunteers,  and  was  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run. 
At  the  expiration  of  this  service  he  remained  at  home  a  year,  and 
then  enlisted  in  Co.  F,  15th  Conn.  Volunteers.  At  Burnside's  call 
for  volunteers  to  lay  the  center  pontoon  bridge  at  the  battle  of 
Fredericksburg,  young  Thompson  secured  permission  from  his 
commanding  officer  to  assist,  and  was  among  the  first  to  offer  his 
services. 


LIEUT.  WILLL^M  GOODRICH, 
Company  G. 

(See  Portrait,  page  130). 

William  Goodrich,  Jr.,  was  born  in  New  Haven,  Conn,,  Janu- 
ar}'  12th,  1S45. 

When  the  war  broke  out  in  1S61,  Lieut.  Goodrich  was  a  pupil 
in  Gen.  Russell's  military  school.  New  Haven,  Conn.,  and  was 
Captain  of  "A"  company  in  the  school  battalion.  Imbued  with 
the  desire  to  serve  his  country  to  the  best  of  his  ability,  he  with- 
out compensation,  spent  the  first  year  of  the  war  giving  military 
instruction  to  the  different  companies  raised  in  the  neighborhood 
of  New  Haven.  By  this  means  many  officers  and  men  started 
out  with  a  knowledge  of  military  tactics,  and  were  thus  enabled  to 
take  precedence  over  other  comrades. 

Though  repeatedly  offered  a  commission,  he  declined  accepting 
until  when  in  August,  1S62,  Capt.  John  D.  Wheeler  recruited  the 
vSigel  Rifles  (afterwards  Co.  G,  15th  C.  V.),  and  tendered  him  the 
First  Lieutenantcy.  The  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  found 
him  in  c!)mmand  of  Co.  G,  and  from  that  field  for  gallant  conduct. 
Col.  AVright  wrote  Gov.  Buckingham,  recommending  him  for  pro- 
motion. 

While  the  regiment  was  at  New  Berne,  N.  C,  Gen.  Innis  N. 
Palmer  appointed  him  on  Augu.st  27tli,  1864,  Assistant  Provost 
Marshal,  District  of  North  Carolina,  under  j\Iaj.  H.  T.  Lawson  as 
chief. 

AVhile  on  a  leave  of  absence  North,  he  learned  of  the  Vellow 
Fever  plague  raging  in  New  Berne,  and  at  once  determined  to 
return  to  duty.  He  found  all  manner  of  obstacles  in  his  way,  biit 
succeeded  finally  in  entering  the  city  only  to  find  Maj.  Lawson  (his 
chief)  dying.  Assuming  charge,  he  filled  the  po.sition  until  the 
appointment  of  Col.  Poor,  as  Chief  Provost  Mar.shal. 

January  3d,  1865,  he  was  promoted  to  the  staff  of  Gen.  Palmer, 
as  Aidc-de-Camj),  which   place  he  held  until   the  close  of  the  war. 


THE  DEFENSE  OF  THE   UNION. 

349 

coming  out  at  20  years  of  age,  the  youngest  officer  in  the  regiment 
and  durmg  the  greater  part  of  the  time  when  with  the  regin  en  ' 
was  m  command  of  Co.  G.  c>,""Lni, 

_  Though  offered  a  Captain's  commission  in  the  8th  C  V  and  a 
Lieutenant-Colonel's  commission  in  ist  North  Caroling  he 
remained  loyal  to  his  first  love,  the  old  15th. 

In  _  the  latter  part  of  1S65,  Lieut'.  Goodrich  went  to 
Georgia  and  engaged  in  the  manufacture  „f  yellow  pine 
lumber  until  1S6S.  He  came  to  Pliiladelph.a  in  the  latter  vcar  and 
entered  the  employ  of  Messrs.  Wm.  Sellers  &  Co.,  manufacturers  of 
Machine  Tools,  remaining  with  them  until  1872,  when  he  went  to 
Tennessee  in  the  Charcoal  Pig  Iron  Blast  Furnace  business. 

Remained  in  Tennessee  until  1878  and  returned  to  Philadelpliia 
Has  resided  there  ever  since,  and  has  been  for  many  years  in 
charge  of  one  of  the  largest  lumber  yards  in  the  city. 

Was  married  in  1875  to  Helen '(Proves,  daughter  of  Anthony 
Groves,  of  Philadelphia.  Has  no  children.  Among  other  socie- 
ties he  is  a  prominent  member  of  Pennsvlvania  'Commandery 
:\Iilitary  Order  of  the  Loyal  Legion. 


CAPT.   ROBERT  O.   BRADLEY. 
Company  H. 

(See  Portrait,  page  122). 

This  officer  was  born  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  June  27,  1832.   His 
early  education  was  limited.     When  but  twelve  years  of  age  he 
went  to  Utica,  N.  Y.,  and  spent  a  year  as  "driver"  on  the'utica 
and  Binghamton  Canal.      From  the  latter  ]:)lace  he  found  his  way 
to  Albany,  and  again  engaged  as  "driver"  on  the  Erie  Canal. 
Returning  to  New  Haven,  he  was  apprenticed  to  a  carpenter,  and 
after  serving  his  term  connected  himself  with  one  of  the  leading 
lumber  firms  in  that  city,  where  he  remained  until  1S59,  when  he 
entered  business  for  himself.    In  1856  he  was  married.    At  the  for- 
mation of  the  15th  Conn.  Regiment,  he  secured  permission  from 
Gov.  Buckingham  to  recruit  for  it,  and  soon  had  a  com])any  (H) 
under  his  command.     Aside  from  his  immediate  connection  witli 
his  regiment,  he  was  sent  to  Connecticut  in  1S64  in  charge  of  a 
detachment  of  non-commissioned  officers  on  recruiting  service,  and 
succeeded  in  securing  two  hundred  forty  new  men  for  tlie   15th. 
Since  the  war  he  has  been  engaged  in  business  in  New  Haven. 
v\'here  he  resides. 


35 o        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

CAPTAIN  HENRY  H.   STILES. 
Company  K. 

(See  Portrait,  page  82). 

Henrv  Hobart  Stiles  was  born  in  North  Haven,  Conn.,  Octo- 
ber 4,  1S24..  He  received  a  semi-military  training  in  the  State 
militia,  being  captain  of  the  "2nd  Co.,  loth  Regt,"  from  1S45  to 
1849.  He  was  also  in  command  of  the  "wide-awake  club," 
a  campaign  organization  in  the  presidential  contest  of  i860. 
Capt.  Stiles  enlisted  only  at  the  repeated  requests  of  the  North 
Haven  members  of  Co.  K.  He  always  expressed  himself  as 
physically  incapable  of  performing  the  severe  duty  which 
he  knew  would  fall  upon  him,  and  the  sequel  showed  how 
great  a  sacrifice  he  made.  He  was  commissioned  August 
g,  1S62,  and  remained  with  the  regiment  until  August 
17,  1S63.  "The  Blackberry  raid"  drew  so  heavily  on 
his  vitality  that  he  asked  to  be  relieved.  He  was  placed 
on  detached  service  at  Pro\-idence,  R.  I.,  until  April,  1S64, 
when  he  was  transferred  to  a  command  in  the  Veteran  Reserve 
Corps,  with  headquarters  at  Albany.  There  he  remained  until 
increasing  debility  forced  his  retirement  in  March,  1S65.  He 
died  at  North  Haven,  April  2,  1S79. 


CAPT.  ME  DAD    DOUGLASS   MUNSON, 
Company  K. 

(See  Portrait,  page  104.). 

Capt.  ilunson,  son  of  Medad  W.  Munson,  was  born  in  \V ailing- 
ford.  Conn.,  August  22,  1S30.  He  traces  his  descent  in  part  from 
Col.  William  Douglass  of  Revolutionary  fame.  Young  Munson 
received  a  common  school  education  in  his  native  town,  and  was 
early  taken  into  the  extensive  leather  manufactory  of  his  father, 
where  he  remained  until  the  time  of  his  enlistment.  He  married 
Laura  S.  Gordon,  of  North  Branford,  Conn.,  in  1S53,  and  has  one 
son.  Capt.  Munson's  reasons  for  enlistment  are  found  in  the  fol- 
lowing incident:  Upon  the  occasion  of  a  public  meeting  held  in 
Wallingford  early  in  July,  1S62,  at  which  time  Col.  D.  R.  Wright 
was  the  chief  speaker,  the  latter  urged  with  great  earnestness  the 
immediate  volunteering  of  the  youth  of  the  town.  At  the  close  of 
his  address  a  momentary  pause  followed,  during  which  Medad  W. 
Munson,  a  man  of  sixty  years,  arose  and  tremblingly  said:  "  I 
have  been  this  day  to  New  Haven  and  offered  my  services  to  the 
government,  at  the  same  time  conscious  that  I  am  too  old  for  ser- 
vice, and  yet  did  not  know  but  I  could  be  of  use  in  the  commis- 
sary, or  some  such  department."  But  he  added:  "I  have  two 
s>ns,  and  I  have  advised  them  both  to  2:0." 


THE  DEFENSE  OF  THE   UXIOX 

.35 ' 

This  was  enough.  Amid  the  most  intense  interest.  Munson 
stepped  promptly  to  the  front,  and  was  the  first  to  enlist  from  his 
town  m  the  15th  Conn.  Others  followed  quickly,  among  them  his 
brother  Ohver  S.  (who  died  November.  1863,  The  Wallingford 
and  North  Haven  volunteers  united  to  form  Co.  K,  and  Munson 
received  his  commission  as  ist  Lieutenant.  Upon  the  resignation 
of  Capt.  Stiles,  he  was  promoted  to  Captain,  November  16.  1863 
in  which  rank  he  served  till  the  muster  out  of  the  regiment. 


LIEUT.    SOLOMON    F.    LINSLEY, 
Company   K. 

(See  Portrait,  page  212). 

Solomon  F.  Linsley  was  bom  in  Wallingford  Conn.,  May  26. 
1830.  He  was  the  eldest  of  three  brothers,  one  of  whom',  Marcus 
M.,  was  a  Sergeant  in  Co.  A,  15th  Conn.,  and  the  other,  Joseph 
F.,  was  Captain  of  Co.  F,  33d  Wis.,  who  was  killed  in  action,  April. 
1863.  Further,  he  had  twent^'-one  cousins  in  the  Union  army,  six 
of  whom  laid  down  their  lives  for  their  countr}^ 

Lieut  Linsley  names  among  his  ancestors  some  of  the  "  bluest 
blood  "  of  history.  The  great  Scottish  family  of  Douglass  (1610). 
the  Foote  family  (settlers  in  Wethersfield  in' 1635),  the  Mansfield 
family,  as  well  as  other  lines,  all  equally  renowned,  find  in  him  a 
worthy  descendant.  His  early  years  were  spent  on  his  father's 
farm,  and  such  education  was  given  him  as  could  be  afforded  by 
the  schools  of  that  day.  On  attaining  his  majority,  he  learned 
the  carpenter's  trade,  a  pursuit  he  was  following  with  success  at 
the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion. 

His  first  enlistment  was  as  a  private  in  Co.  C,  6th  Conn.. 
August  26,  1S61,  but  was  discharged  for  disability.  March  14,  1862. 
At  the  forming  of  the  15th  Conn.,  he  was  instrumental,  with 
W^illiara  R.  Mackay,  of  Wallingford.  in  organizing  Co.  K,  of  that 
regiment,  and  was  commissioned  2d  Lieutenant.  August  9,  1862, 
promoted  to  ist  Lieutenant,  November  16,  1863,  and  mustered  out 
June  27,  1S65.  During  a  part  of  his  service  he  was  in  command 
of  the  Brigade  Pioneer  Corps  [see  mention],  and  for  some  time  in 
command  of  Co.  C,  of  his  own  regiment. 

Lieut.  Linsley  married  Lucy  A.  Tracy,  of  Windsor,  Conn.. 
February  28,  1S55.  She  is  also  of  Scottish  blood,  and  a  descend- 
ant of  the  ancient  De  Traceys  of  "  Ivanhoe."  After  the 
war,  Lieut.  Linsley  settled  in  North  Haven,  and  has  followed  his 
trade  of  a  master  builder  ever  since.  He  still  retains  much  of  that 
athletic  spirit  for  which  he  was  so  noted  in  the  service,  and  it 
would  take  a  pretty  lively  comrade  to  outdo  him  in  any  feat  fi 
athletics  at  the  present  day. 


352        FIFTEENTH  CONNECTICUT   VOLUNTEERS. 

LIEUT.    JOHN    H.    HALL, 
Company  K. 

(See  Portrait,  page  198). 

John  H.  Hall  was  born  in  "Wallingford,  Conn.,  ]\larch  22,  1837. 
He  enlisted  as  private  in  Co.  K,  August  9,  1S62,  and  received  an 
appointment  as  4th  Sergeant.  In  December,  1S62,  his  warrant 
was  raised  to  3d  Sergeant,  and  in  March,  1864,  he  was  commis- 
sioned 2d  Lieutenant  of  his  company.  Lieut.  Hall  was  married 
in  1872  to  Minerva  W.  Austin,  of  Fort  Plain,  N.  Y.,  and  has  had 
five  children  (all  boys),  three  of  Avhom  are  living. 

His  residence  is  Passaic,  N.  J.,  and  place  of  business  is  at  21 
Walker  street.  New  York  City,  where  he  is  agent  for  the  commis- 
sion house  of  O.  I.  Lewis  &  Co.,  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He  has  been 
with  this  firm  for  nearly  thirty  years. 


LIEUT.    CHARLES    R.    COAX, 

Company   E. 

Charles  R.  Coan,  son  of  Major  R.  D.  Coan,  of  New  Haven, 
Conn.,  was  born  November  17,  183S.  The  political  atmosphere  of 
his  father's  house  was  so  thoroughly  Republican,  that  the  youth 
was  fain  to  enlist  with  those  who  went  out  earliest  in  the  war. 
Circumstances  prevented  this,  but  when  the  Lyon  Regiment 
was  called  for,  he  secured  an  appointment  as  recruiting  officer 
from  Major  Samuel  Tolles,  about  the  middle  of  July,  1S62,  and 
at  once  commenced  looking  up  volunteers.  In  this  he  was  very 
successful,  and  shortly  received  a  commission  as  2d  Lieut,  of  Co. 
E,  one  of  the  best  commands  in  the  regiment.  On  reaching 
Wa.shingtoti,  the  miasmas  of  Camps  Chase  and  Casey  got  in  their 
dreaded  work  on  a  not  over  rugged  constitution,  and  young  Coan 
was  frequently  compelled  to  forego  duty.  He  accompanied  his 
regiment,  however,  on  that  dreary  inarch  through  Maryland,  and 
was  present  at  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Va.  Shortly  after 
this  engagement,  he  felt  the  utter  futility  of  further  attempting 
to  do  duty,  and  being  unable  to  secure  such  a  leave  of  absence 
as  seemed  necessary,  resigned  his  commission,  January  8,  1S63. 
He  married  Anna  R.  Baldwin,  November  17,  1859.  He  has  been 
connected  for  some  years  with  the  Security  Insurance  Co.  of  New 
Haven,  Conn.,  and  at  present  is  manager  of  the  New  Haven 
department. 


CONTENTS. 


CHAPTER   I. 

Lincoln's  Proclamation,  5— Public  Meeting,  6— National  Union 
Committee,  7— Enlistments,  10— Camp  Lyon,  11— Organization  of 
the  Regimeut,  14— Departure  from  New  Haven,  16— Arrival  at 
Arlington  Heights,  Va.,  iS. 

CHAPTER    H. 

Camp  Chase,  20— Long  Bridge  and  Fort  Runyon,  24— Camp 
Casey,  27— Picket  Duty,  28— Departure  for  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  29— Arrival  at  Acquia  Creek,  Va.,  30— March  to  Freder- 
icksburg, Va. ,  31. 

CHAPTER    in. 

Fredericksburg,  32. 

CHAPTER  IV. 

Departure  from  Fredericksburg,  44 — Newport  News,  44— Suf- 
folk, 45 — The  Skirmish  on  Edenton  Road,  46— Skirmish  on  Provi- 
dence Church  Road,  48 — Departure  from  Suffolk,  51. 

CHAPTER   V. 

"The  Blackberry  Raid,"  51 — Portsmouth,  Va,  53— South  Mills, 
N.  C,  56 — Execution  of  Deserters,  57 — In  and.  About  Norfolk, 
Va.,  58. 

CHAPTER  VI. 

Departure  from  Portsmouth,  Va.,  64 — Plymouth  and  New 
Berne,  N.  C  ,  65— Bachelors  Creek,  68— Little  Washington,  N.  C, 
69— Arrival  of  Chaplain  John  B.  Doolittle,  73  — E.xecution  of 
Deserters,  74. 

CHAPTER   VII. 

New  Berne,  76 — Yellow  Fever  Scourge,  77 — Evans  Mills,  N. 
C,  79— Great  Fire  in  New  Berne,  79— First  Expedition  to  Kins- 
ton,  N.  C,  80. 

CHAPTER    VIII. 

Expedition  to  Little  Washington,  N.  C,  83— Expedition  to 
Coleraine,  N.  C,  84— Arrival  of  Troops  and  Recruits  from  Sher- 
man's Army,  84— Second  Raid  on  Little  Washington,  N.  C,  85  — 
Second  Advance  on  Kinston,  N.  C,  87. 

23 


354  CONTENTS. 

CHAPTER   IX. 
Kinston,  N.  C,  93. 

CHAPTER  X. 
Goldsboro,  X.  C,  118 — Departure  of  the  Wounded  and  Prison- 
ers for  Richmond,  Va.,  119  — Clover  Station,  121 — Weldon,  N.  C, 
123— Salisbury  Prison,  125— Death  of  Lieut.  Bishop,  126— Dan- 
ville, Va.,  127 — Death  of  Major  Osborne,  128 — Richmond  and 
Libby  Prison,  129. 

CHAPTER   XI. 

Narrative  of  Lieut.  Goodrich,  131 — Narrative  of  Frank  D. 
Mosher,  136— Escape  and  Recapture  of  Capt.  White  and  Lieut. 
Linsley,  140 — Capture  of  Private  Nichols,  142 — Capture  and 
Imprisonment  of  Capt.  John  D.  Wheeler,  143 — Serg't.  Towner's 
Diary,  145. 

CHAPTER    XII. 

Provost  Duty  at  Kinston.  N.  C,  147 — Assembling  of  the  Regi- 
ment, 148 — Death  or  Lieut.  Bowns,  14S — Private  Rogers'  School, 
149 — Tax-List  of  Kinston,  150 — Camp  Chattanooga,  151 — The 
Muster  Out  of  the  Regiment,  151 — Arrival  at  New  Haven, 
Conn.,  152. 

CHAPTER   XIII. 

Regimental  Retinions,  155. 

CHAPTER   XIV. 
Reiniiiiscences  and  Recollections. 

P.VRT    I. 

Corporal  Smith's  "Boiled  Tongue,"  175— The  "Smoke-out" 
at  Red  House,  176— Bill  Nichols'  "  Boots,"  176— The  Burned  Tent 
at  Fairfax  Seminary,  177— An  Incident  of  the  Battle  of  Kinston, 
178 — Gen.  Casey's  Failure  to  Promote  Col.  Wright,  17S— 
"Gideon's  Band,"  180— O'Connor's  Raid,  181— Captain  Butricks' 
Reveries,  183— The  Captain's  Lost  Rations,  187— The  Fishing 
Excursion  of  Col.  ToUes  and  Others,  189— A  Long  Bridge  Inci- 
dent, 191 — Lieut.  Day's  Narrative,  191. 

PART    II. 

Camp  Blindness,  198— Capt.  E.  A.  Thorpe's  Narrative,  199— 
Gen.  Grant  at  Fortress  Monroe,  201— Incident  at  Music  Hall,  1862, 
203— The  Drummer's  Mishap,  203— The  Wounding  of  Major 
Osborne,  205— Capt.  White's  Narrative,  206 -Recovery  of  Capt. 
Davis'  Sword,  211— Chaplain  Doolittle's  Christmas  Gift,  212— Sur- 
render of  the  Colors  at  Kinston,  N.  C,  213--"  The  Central  Vir- 
ginia Meat  Co.,"  214— "The  Blackberry  Raid,"  216. 


CONTENTS. 


355 


PART    III. 

The  Pioneer  Corps,  220 — War  Posters,  223 — Narrative  of 
Charles  E.  Hart,  225— South  Mills,  N.  C,  226— Promotions,  227 — 
A  Relic  of  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  228— Bill  Nichols  and  the  "Tar- 
heel," 229— Rations,  229— Narrative  of  Capt.  Waterman,  231. 

PART    IV. 

The  Yellow  Fever  at  New  Berne,  233— The  North  Carolina 
Times,   239— Recollections  of    Sergt.    Henry  C.    Baldwin,   239— 

Fredericksburg,  Va.,  1892,  255. 

CHAPTER   XV. 

Catalogue  of  the  Regiment  as  mustered  in  1S62,  265. 

CHAPTER   XVI. 
The  Monument  at  New  Berne,  N.  C. 

CHAPTER   XVH. 
Biographies. 


GENERAL    INDEX. 


Acquia  Creek,         .         .    2< 
Allen,  George  W., 

"       Henry  S., 

"        Lieut., 

Martin,        14S,  150, 
Alexandria, 
Allis,  Lucius  P.,      • 
Amelia  Court  House,. 
Andersonville,    . 
Andrews,  Elias,  . 
Arlington  Heights,    .       15, 
Atwood,  The  Rev.  Eugene 
163,  164, 
Ayletts  vStation, 

3. 

Bachelors  Creek, 

68,  73,  Si,  84 
Bacon,  The  Rev.  Dr.,     . 
Baker,  ... 

Baldwin,  Henry  C, 

39,  156,  158,  160,  163, 
Barnes,  Charles  D., 

156,  171,  173.  178,  201, 
"Basket-makers,"  etc., 
Bassett,  Capt.  Julius, 

8    II,  13,  90,  94,  97-  112, 
Bartholomew,  Col.  (i7ch  M 

Battle  Flag  Day,     . 
Beach,  Lieut., 

Beach,  Col 

Beckley,  Charles  F., 

75.  77.  "7.  i'''4. 
Beech  Grove, 


J.  30 
8. 

174. 

143, 

iS, 
170, 


'AGE 
.  44 
227 
100 

244 

239 

26 

6 
122 

197 
248 
173 

174 

53 


.  S7. 

108 

6 

55 

168, 

239 

212, 

216 

48 

"4. 

249 

ass.; 

), 

253. 

255 

162 

121 

47 

166, 

174 

81 

Beecher  William  S., 

54,  158,  164,  166.  167,  172.  247 
Beers,  Orrin,  .         .         -39 

Belle  Plain,  .         .         .         260 

Benedict,  WilUs,  159,  160,  163.  165 
Berry,  George,     ...  74 

Big  Bethel,  ....  53 
Bishop,  Lieut.  Edwin  W., 

25,  95.    97.    i<''2,   114.    115, 
119,  125.  13S,  145,  252 
"         Samuel,      ...         6 
Bissell.  Lieut.  Julius  B  ,      156.  167 
Bloodhounds,  .         .         .     195 

Bodwell,  Augustus,  .  .  12S 
Bowers  Hill,  .  .  .  .  55 
Bounty,  .         .         .         .       8,  16 

Bowman,  Lieut.  C.  F., 

90,  99,  106,  135,  169,  237 
Bowman.  Peter  E.,  .  .  169 
Bowns,  Lieut.,  .         47,  57,  14S 

Bradley,  Ellen,     .         .         .  iG 

Capt.  Robert  O.,  84,121 
Bragg,  Gen.,  C.  S.  A.,  .  24 S 
Brandy  Station,  ...  52 
Breen,  James,       ...  39 

Bristol,  Noyes,         .         .         .     148 
Willis,      ...  6 

Brooks,  Mary,  .  .         .16 

Brown,  Adjutant  Charles  P., 

9,  15.  35.  50,  243,  259 
Bryan,  Benjamin  S.,       .         .         7 
George  H.,       .  156,  174 

Buckingham,  Gov.,  .         .         d 

"  Buckingham  Day,"  .         164 

Buckley,  Michael,  .  .  39,  249 
Bunnell,  George  W^.,   .         .         227 


GENERAL  INDEX. 


357 


PAGE 

"  Bullet  proof  vests,"      .         .       15 
Burke.  ....         253 

Burns,  The  Rev.  Harvey  E., 

168,  170 
Burnside,  Gen.,  .       36,  41,  42 

Burgess,  Capt.  William  C, 

8,  79i  97,  121,  148,  163,  169,  214 

Bushnell,  C.  S 7 

Burritt,  Lieut.  N.  F., 

97,  121,  174,  243 
Butricks,  Captain  Minot  A., 

go,  94,   121,   155,   15S,   164,  166, 
168,  176.  183,  1S9,  233,  23S 
Butler,  Gen.  B   F.,  .         .       11 


C. 

Camp  "  Casey," 

"Chattanooga," 

'•      "Chase," 

15,  19,  20,  22,  171, 

"      "  Lyon." 

"Mud."   .         18   41 

"      "Parole,"     . 
Camp-blindness, 
Candee,  John  D.,    . 
Cannon.  Thomas, 
Carr,  David  H., 
Carter,  Gen.,        86,  88,  91. 
Casey,  Gen.  Silas, 
"  Casey's  Pets," 
Casualties, 
Castle  Thunder, 
Catfish,     .     '    . 
Catlin,  William  H..       167 
Catchin,  Julius, 
Chamberlain,  Isaac,    . 
Chapin,  PhiHp  E., 
Chapman,  Hon.  Charles. 
Charleston,  S.  C,    . 
Charnley,  William  S., 
Chatham,  Md., 
Chowan  river. 


■  27 

,  30 

no, 

151 

IS3. 

256 

II 

,  13 

.  44, 

260 

123 

198 

7 

242 

7 

103, 

iiC) 

22, 

17S 

.  22 

,  29 

154 

128, 

139 

216 

174. 

191 

100 

155 

22S 

6 

144, 

194 

6 

29 

.  6; 

;-  84 

Church,  James  A., 

155,  15S,  167,  172,  174,  185 
Clarke,  Clarence  M.,  .         .        22S 
"       George  W. ,        .        .       49 
"       Robert,    ...  74 

Clarksville,  N.  C,  .      120,  1^0 

Classen,  Col.,       ...  73 

Clover  Station,  Va.,  .  .  121 
Coan,  Lieut.  Charles  R.,  8,  150 
Cobb,  Dr.,  C.  S  A.,  .  .  248 
Coleraine,  N.  C,  .  .  65,  84 
Collins,  Joseph,  ...  74 
Columbia,  S.  C,  .         144,  194 

Company  formations,  .  .  14 
Corcoran,  Gen.,  .        .  46 

Core  Creek,     .         .  81.  87,  io3 

Couch,  George,  .  .  .  174 
Cowles,  Surgeon  Edward  O., 

192,  237 

"        Luman,  .        .  6 

Cox.  Gen.,        .  86,  87,  91,  117 

D. 

Danville.  Va., 

127,  139,  143,  145,  193 
Davis,  Capt.  Theodore  R., 

10,  79,  100,   102,   121,   161,  168, 

205,  211 
Day    Lieut.  Augustus  P., 

165,  191.  1V7 

Deep  Creek,  Va 55 

Deserters,  .  .  .  30.  57.  74 
Dismal  Swamp,  .  .  55.  '89 
Doolittle,  Isaac  L.,      .         .  66 

"         The  Rev.  John  B., 

73.  83.  99.  I5f>.  159.  ">-• 
164,  167,  171.  212 

Dougal. 47 

Dougherty,  .         •         •  55 

Dovers  Forks,  .         .       87,  loS 

Downes,  Edward,        .         .  7 

Duguid.  Capt.,  C.  S.  A.,  141.  209 
Dunlap,  Thomas,         .  22S 


358 


GENERAL  INDEX. 


Edenton  Road,  Va., 
Elliott,  Charles  W. . 
Evans  Mills,  N.  C, 
Executions, 


Fairfax  Seminary,  Va  , 
Falmouth,  Va., 
Fellowes,  Richard  S.,     . 
Finnigan,  Hugh,  96,  lyO 

Finch,  Lucius  R.,    . 
Foote,  Charles,    . 

"        Commodore  A.  H., 
Foi  t  Alban3% 

■■    Connecticut, 

"    Dix       .... 

"    Jackson,  .         18,  70, 

"    Monroe, 

"     Runyon,  .  18.  21, 

"    Totten, 

"    Union,     .... 

"    Washington, 
Fosters  Wharf.  N.  C,     . 
Foules  Gen.,  C.  S.  A., 
Fredericksburg,  Va.,      31,  228, 
French,  Corp.,     . 

"         Lieut   S.   H.,  102,  121, 
"  Fresh  Fish,"     . 


PAGE 

7 
79 
74 


26 

257 

7 

214 

6 

1 84 

6 

257 

49 

46 

257 
44 

257 
76 
47 
69 

151 

73 
255 
182 
191 
192 


Q. 

Galpin,  Charles, 
Gallagher,  Hon.  James, 
Gaston,  N.  C, 
Gavin, 

Getty,  Gen.,     . 
"  Gideon's  Band," 
Gilbert,  Lucius, 
Glassford,  W.  H., 
Goldsboro,  N.  C, 

T02,  116,  iiS,  124,  137,  251 
Goodrich.  Lieut.  William, 

94.  105,  131 


•  39 
203 

.     1 20 

253 

47,  216,  219 

180 

•  .      7 

49 


PAGE 
201 
121 

49 

145 

'74. 

227 
218 
109 


Grant,  Gen.  U.  S., 
Gray,  Lieut., 
Greenland,  James, 
Greensboro.  N.  C,       .  139, 

Griffin,  Joel, 

13,  40,   52,   70,  80,  96,  123. 

214 
Griswold,  Charles.        .         174. 
Guerrillas,        68,  109,  142,  181, 
Gum-swamp.  N.  C,     . 

H. 

Hampton,  Va.,  .  .  53.  219 
Hanover  Station,  Va.,  .  52 

Harland,  Gen..  32,  47,  143,  179,  180 
"  Hardtack,"  .  .  .  230 
Harrison.  Hon.  Henry  B. ,  .  6 
Hart,  Charles  E,,  155,  22;,  228 

Healy,  Bartholemew,  .  .  7 
Hill,  John,  ....  22S 
Hinsdale,  B    P.,      .         .  10,  44 

Historians,  157,  158,  165,  166,  174 
Hoadley,  H.  T.,  .  .  240,  243 
Hogan,  Billy.        .         .  221.  241 

Hoke,  Gen.,  C.  S.  A., 

69.  91.  93.  95.  103.  105,  113,  132. 

192,  205,  24S 
Holcomb,  Surgeon  H.  V.  C, 

15,  25,  39,  48,  63,   76,  106,  156, 

158,  159,  233,  238 
HoUister,  Judge,     ...         7 
Horn,  Michael,  .         .         246 

Horton,  Giles  G 22S 

Hotchkiss,  John  B..     .         .  6 

Hubbard,  Judge  Leverett,     .     166 
William  H., 

96.  99,  lOI,  1 84 

"  Capt.  Samuel  R  ,  10,  259 

Hurst,  Lieut.,  C.  S.  A.,       .         141 


Ives,  (^scar  P., 

155,  156,  158,  172,  174,  li 


GENERAL  INDEX. 


Jacksons  Mills,  N.  C, 

73,  91,  102,  III 

James, ,  ...       70 

Johnson,  Harmon,       .         .         247 

John,         .         .         .175 

"         William  F.,  .         159 

Jones,  Sergeant,      .         .         .180 

K. 

Kane,  Gen.,           ...  23 

Kearney,  ,     .         .         .  252 

Kelly,  Henry,       .         .         .  161 

"  Kelly's  warble,"    .         .         .  244 

Kenney,  Edwin  A.,     .         .  228 

Kimball,  John  C,              12,  15,  161 
King  William  Court  House, 

52,  53,  221 

King,  James  A.,      ...  6 
Kinston,  N.  C, 

So,  93,  loi,   106,   117,   131,  137, 

147,  178 

Kirby,  Thomas  B.,           .         .  9 

Kirkland,  Gen.,    .         .         .  134 


L. 

Lacey  House,  ...       41 

Lake  Drummond,  Va.,  1S9,  217 
Lanesville,  Va.,  .  .  .52 
Latta,  Sergeant,  .         .  70 

Lego,  James,  ...       47 

Leonard,  John  N.,  .  172,  241 
Libby  Prison, 

122,  128,  139,  143,  192,  211 
Linsley,  Lieut.  Solomon  F., 

15,  66,   05,    120,    140,  156, 

160,   168,    170,    174,    206, 

213.  220.  228,  256 

Charles  A.,       .         .         7 

Little,  Frank  E.,  .         .         227 

Little  Washington,  N.  C, 

69,  S3.  85 
Liverpool  Point.  Md.,  .  29 


Log-houses 

Long  Bridge,  Va., 

15,  iS,  21,  24,  26,  29,  191, 
"  Long  Roll." 
Longstreet,  Gen.,  C.  S.  A., 
Lord   Walter  H., 

155,  166,  167,  168,  170,  171, 

173.  174.  185 
Lovejoy,  Capt.  F.  M.,      8,  167, 
"  Lyon  regiment,"      8,  16,  14S, 

M. 

Mackay,  William  R.,       .        12. 
Macon,  Ga.,  .         .         143. 

Mahone,  Gen.,  C.  S.  A., 
Malaria,        .         .         .         .2: 
Malone,  John, 
Manville,  George  W., 

113,  119,  125,  126,  214. 
Manwell,  Col., 
Marshall,  Henry  G.,     163.  167, 

Marvan, , 

Merriam,  George  C,  .      S 

McAllister,  Alexander, 
McChestney,  Col., 

McCourt, . 

McDonald, 

McManus,  Paddy, 
Miller,  The  Rev.  I).  Henry. 
15,   21,    58,    73,    165,    166, 

171.  259 
Minor,  George  L., 
Mix,  John  B.,       . 
Nonument  (New  Berne), 
Morehead  City,  N.  C, 
Morgan,  George,     .  i"!-. 

Morse,  William  J., 

"      Zadoc  R 

Morris  Island,  S.  C, 
Mosher,  Frank  D., 

30,  119,  125,  12S.  136,  163 
Mosley,  Joe,  .         .  J4<J. 

Munson,  Capt.  Medad  D.,    99. 


359 

PACK 


45 


172 


174 
193 
120 

49 

24S 

65 

22S 

96 

!.  74 

S3 
246 

241 

170, 

171 
174 
174 
'•4 
231 
if)6 
155 
i')4 

257 
209 
1U4 


;6o 


GENERAL  INDEX. 


N. 


io6. 


National  Union  Committee,  7,  9,  10 
New  Berne,  N.  C. 

65.  68,    71,    104 

150.  233 
Newport  News,  Va, 
Nichols  Ferry,  Va., 
Nichols,  William  H., 

100,  142,  176,   183,  1S9,  229,  258 
Norfolk,  Va  ,  .         .         45,  58 

North  Carolina  Times,         .         239 


PAGE       Pembertons  Plantation,  Va., 


17,   147, 

44 
121 


O. 


142,  181 


O'Connor, 
Orders, 

II,  20,   31,   55,   79,  85,   88,    116, 

147,   151 

Osb;)rne,  Arthur  D.,        .         .  6 
Major  E.  Walter, 

12,    47,    65,    66,    68,    87, 

94,    97.     102,     no,  112, 

114,  119,    125,   126,  128, 

138,   145,   176,    197,  205, 

231,  250 

Overland  Monitor,           .         .  72 

Owens,  Thomas,          .         .  39 

03'ster  Point,            ...  10 

R. 

Palmer,  Gen.,  73,  gi,  13 

"         Merwin  E., 
Pardee,  Henry  E., 

"        Stephen  D., 
"        William, 
Parker,  James  B., 
Parkville,  X.  C,      . 
Paroles,         .         .  12; 

Patterson,  Charles, 
Patterson  Park  Hospital, 
Pease,  William  B., 
Peck,  David  J.,    . 

"      Gen 

"      Lucius  G., 


PAGE 

Penrose,  Lieut.,  .  25,  241 

Peterson,  G.  F 10 

Phillips,  Frank,  12S,  13S,  146 

Picket  duty 28 

Pinkerman,  Philip  A.,         .  6 

Pioneer  Corps,  .  .  .  220 
Piscataway,  Md.,         .         .  29 

Piatt.  Hon.  O.  H  ,  .         .       16 

Plymouth,  N.  C,  .  65,  68,  192 
Poor,  Col.,  .  .  .  .81 
Porter,  John  A  ,  .         .  7 

Port  Tobacco.  Md  ,  .  .  29 
Portsmouth,  Va., 

51,  53,  56,  64,  222,  241 
Promotions  (from  ranks),  .  227 
Providence  Church  Road,  Va. ,  48 
Provisional  Brigade,        .         -179 


Q. 


Quintard,  Eli  S., 


6.  167 


Rafifile,  Charles,       .         .         .157 

Raleigh,  N.  C,    .         .         124.   196 

Rand,  Lieut.  P.  C, 

8,  99,   104,   112,   115,    156,    158, 
159,  160,  163,  164,  165,  166,   204 

Rations, 


32,  181 

117,  118,  124,  125, 

145,  1S7. 

193. 

.        lOI 

229 

7 

Recruiting  Committe 

3, 

8 

.     167 

Red  House,  N.  C. 

68,  72, 

176 

6 

Regimental  Church, 

58 

•        39 

Reilly,  Sergeant, 

212 

49 

Reports,       38,  47,  48, 

61,  66.  81 

,  89 

57 

Reunions, 

155. 

174 

26,  142 

Richmond,  Va.,     122 

129,  139. 

200 

.     248 

Rodriguez,  Lieut., 

121, 

186 

130 

Rogers,  C.  B., 

7 

.      22S 

Enoch  E., 

149.  15S, 

162 

6 

"         Mason, 

.        76- 

233 

45.  48 

Roster, 

167, 

265 

7 

Russell,  Gen.  W.  H., 

6 

GENFA^AL  INDEX. 


S. 


Salisbur\^  N.  C,  125,  138,  145,  253 
'•Salt-horse,"  .         .         .     230 

Sampson,  Joseph.         .  9 

Sanford,  Edward  T..  .  .  7 
Saunders,  Tom,  .  244 

Savannah,  Ga.,  .  .  193,  194 
Schofield,  Gen  ,  92,  107.  132 

Schools  (colored),  .  .  .  149 
Schafer.  Louis,    ...  49 

Schwart,  ,      ...       47 

Scottsburg,  Va  ,  .         .         140 

Sheffield,  Joseph,  .  .  .  g 
Sherman,  Thomas,  .  .  156 
Sibley  tents,  .  .  .  -177 
Slaughter  House,  Va.,         .  39 

Smallwood,  Dr  .  C.  S.  A.,  254 

Smith,  George  W.,       .         .  77 

"       Henry  E.,     .         .         -3  75 
"       Capt    Septimius  S  , 

S,   12,   13 


Stephen  R. 


"       ■        .         12S,  247,  249 

South  Mills,  N.  C.  56,  184.  226 

Southwest  Creek,  N.  C, 

81.  91,  log.  115 

Spencer,  -,      .         .         .     i  ig 

Sperry.  Hon.  N.  D.,  .     6,  i6g 

Stenson,  Thomas,  .         .       39 

Stiles,  Captain  Henry  H.,  14 

Stoddard,  George  W., 

15S,  167,  169,  172,  205,  215 
Storer,  Justus,  .  .  156,  15S 
Suffolk,  Va.,    .         .         .         .45 

T. 


Tax  list  of  Kinston, 
Taylors  Farms,  Va. 
Thallman,  , 


150 
52,  214   217 


1S2 
28 
15 


Tuanksgivmg, 

The  Atwater  Armor  Co., 
"    Blackberry  Raid,    51,214,216 
"    "Blues,"      ...  10 


The  "  Rrownlow  Ritk-^." 
"Grays," 
"  Hallock  Rifles," 
"McClellan  (niards." 
"  Quinnipiac  Rifles," 
"  Sigel  Rifles,"     . 
Tolles.  Lieut.-Col.  Samuel, 
lo,  12,  31.  39  46,  54,  61,  6  ) 
S7     Sg,    95     96,    102,    no. 
iig,  121,  155,  156,  157,  158. 
160,  165,  166,  16S,   179,  189. 

Thompson.  J.  B 

Lieut.  W.  W., 
Thorpe,  Edwin  A.,        165.  igg. 
''        Sheldon  B  ,    .         174, 
Towner,  Sergt., 

70,  loi,  126,  145, 
Turner,  John  R., 
Twenty-seventh  Mass.  Reg't, 

86,  89,  90,  94, 
Typhoid 4: 

U. 


I  AGK 

9 
10 
10 


79. 
1 15, 
'59. 

226 

39 

237 

22S 
255 

176 
1 69 


^7f' 


Upham,  Col.  Charles  L., 

46,  47,  49,  51,  52.  56.  72,  73,  87, 

90.  93.  99.  10  ■>  i"4-  iio.  "2, 
123,  148,  151,  156  15S,  159,  160, 
162,  163,  164,  i63.  174 


V. 

Veteran  Association, 
"Virginia  .Meat  Co.," 

W. 


"5' 
214 


Wade, . 

War  Democrats, 

"     posters, 
Warnock,  Henry, 
AVashington,  D.  C, 
Waterman,  Capt.  Reuben 
Wayland,  Francis,  Jr., 
Webb,  Lieut.  Watson, 


iS,  2: 


224 

39 

'  7.1 

231 

6 

if> 


362 


GENERAL  INDEX. 


PAGE 

PAGE 

Weldon,  N.  C,         .         .119 

.    123 

Williamsburg,  Va., 

53 

"Welch,  Harmanus  ^I., 

6 

47 

V\  lllicLillr?,                 ~'"~,                 •               . 

Wheeler,  Capt.  John  D.,        10, 

.    143 

Winsboro,  N.  C,     . 

196 

White  House  Landing,  Va., 

Wise's  Forks,  Va., 

51.  53. 

220 

90,  103,  104,  106,  III, 

133 

White  Oak  Road,  Va., 

261 

Woodruff,  Richard, 

228 

White,  Henry  D., 

7 

"           John, 

7 

"       Capt.  George  M., 

Wright,  Dr.,    . 

57 

8,  10,   14,    20,  24.  97, 

102 

Col.  Dexter  R., 

103,  106,  112,  119, 140, 

159, 

11,  13,  15.  25,  27,  31, 

39, 

160,  163,  165,  166,  167, 

x68. 

166,  178 

169   170,  171,  189,  204, 

,  206 

Hobart,      . 

156 

Whitney  Rifles, 

20 

Y. 

Whitney,  Eli, 

7.  9 

Willett,  John  B.,     . 

227 

Yellow  fever,   76,  144,  194,  233, 

237 

Wilmington,  N.  C,     . 

197 

Yorktown,  Va.,         .         .        51 

.  35 

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